Recycle of cotton waste by hard templating with magnesium acetate as MgO precursor

As one of the hard-templating methods, MgO-templating was employed to recycle cotton to produce activated carbon with magnesium acetate as MgO precursor. Results showed that cotton carbonized while magnesium acetate decomposed to nanoscale MgO particles based on thermogravimetric and X-ray diffraction analysis. Carbonized residuals of cotton were able to replicate the MgO morphology thus creating pores. The size of MgO varied with impregnation ratio, treatment temperature, and time. Overall, the optimum conditions were MgO/cotton impregnation ratio 0.25, temperature 800 °C, and treatment time 60 min. Cotton-based activated carbon thus produced manifested surface area and total pore volume of 1139 m²/g and 0.85 cm³/g respectively. Both micropores and mesopores were detected based on iodine, methylene blue adsorption values, and N₂ adsorption-desorption studies.

Vacuum FTIR study on the hygroscopicity of magnesium acetate aerosols

Hygroscopicity and volatility of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) are two important properties, which determine the composition, concentration, size, phase state of SOA and thus chemical and optical properties for SOA. In this work, magnesium acetate (Mg(Ac)₂) aerosol was used as a simple SOA model in order to reveal relationship between hygroscopicity and volatility. A novel approach was set up based on a combination of a vacuum FTIR spectrometer and a home-made relative humidity (RH) controlling system. The striking advantage of this approach was that the RH and the compositions of aerosols could be obtained from a same IR spectrum, which guaranteed the synchronism between RH and spectral features on a sub-second scale. At the constant RH of 90% and 80% for 3000s, the water content within Mg(Ac)₂ aerosol particles decreased about 19.0% and 9.4% while there were 13.4% and 6.0% of acetate loss. This was attributed to a cooperation between volatile of acetic acid and Mg²⁺ hydrolysis in Mg(Ac)₂ aerosols, which greatly suppressed the hygroscopicity of Mg(Ac)₂ aerosols. When the RH changed with pulsed mode between ~70% and ~90%, hygroscopicity relaxation was observed for Mg(Ac)₂ aerosols. Diffuse coefficient of water in the relaxation process was estimated to be ~5×10^-12m²·s^-1 for the Mg(Ac)₂ aerosols. Combining the IR spectra analysis, the decrease in the diffuse coefficient of water was due to the formation of magnesium hydroxide accompanying acetic acid evaporation in the aerosols.