1
|
Church AC, Ibitoye M, Chettri S, Casterline JB. Traditional supports and contemporary disrupters of high fertility desires in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review. Reprod Health 2023; 20:86. [PMID: 37280648 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-023-01627-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The desired number of children is markedly higher in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) than in other major regions. Efforts to understand how and why these desires are generated and maintained have yielded a broad research literature. Yet there is no full picture of the range of contextual, cultural, and economic factors that support and disrupt high fertility desires. OBJECTIVE This scoping review synthesizes thirty years of research on the determinants of fertility desires in SSA to better understand what factors underlie men and women's stated fertility desires and how they weigh the costs and benefits of having (more) children. METHOD We identified and screened 9863 studies published from 1990 to 2021 from 18 social science, demographic, and health databases. We appraised determinants of fertility desires from 258 studies that met inclusion criteria according to their roles as traditional supports or contemporary disrupters of high fertility desires. RESULTS We identified 31 determinants of high fertility desires, which we organized into six overarching themes: economy and costs; marriage; the influence of others; education and status; health and mortality; and demographic predictors. For each theme, we summarize ways in which the determinants both support and disrupt high fertility desires. We find that high fertility remains desirable in many regions of sub-Saharan Africa but contemporary disrupters, such as the economic situations and increases to family planning and education, cause individuals to decrease their desired fertility with such decreases often viewed as a temporary adjustment to temporary conditions. Most included studies were quantitative, cross-sectional, and based on survey data. CONCLUSION This review demonstrates how traditionally supportive and contemporary disruptive forces simultaneously influence fertility desires in sub-Saharan Africa. Future studies analyzing fertility desires in sub-Saharan Africa should be informed by the lived experiences of men and women in this region, with qualitative and longitudinal studies prioritized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Church
- Department of Sociology, The Ohio State University, 238 Townshend Hall, 1885 Neil Avenue Mall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Mobolaji Ibitoye
- Institute for Population Research, The Ohio State University, 060 Townshend Hall, 1885 Neil Avenue Mall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Shibani Chettri
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 250 Cunz Hall, 1841 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - John B Casterline
- Institute for Population Research, The Ohio State University, 060 Townshend Hall, 1885 Neil Avenue Mall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Díaz-Del Cerro E, Félix J, Tresguerres JAF, De la Fuente M. Improvement of several stress response and sleep quality hormones in men and women after sleeping in a bed that protects against electromagnetic fields. Environ Health 2022; 21:72. [PMID: 35864547 PMCID: PMC9306162 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00882-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted by the technologies affect the homeostatic systems (nervous, endocrine, and immune systems) and consequently the health. In a previous work, we observed that men and women, after 2 months of using a bed with a registered HOGO system, that prevents and drain EMFs, improved their immunity, redox and inflammatory states and rejuvenated their rate of aging or biological age. Since, EMFs can act as a chronic stressor stimulus, and affect the sleep quality. The objective of this work was to study in men and women (23-73 years old) the effect of sleeping for 2 months on that bed in the blood concentrations of several hormones related to stress response and sleep quality as well as to corroborate the rejuvenation of their biological age. METHODS In 18 men and women, plasma concentration of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine), serotonin, oxytocin and melatonin were analyzed before and after 2 months of using the HOGO beds. A group of 10 people was used as placebo control. In another cohort of 25 men (20 experimental and 5 placebo), the effects of rest on the HOGO system on the concentration of cortisol and testosterone in plasma were studied. In all these volunteers, the biological age was analyzed using the Immunity Clock model. RESULTS There is a significant increase in plasma concentration of DHEA, norepinephrine, serotonin, oxytocin, and melatonin as well as in testosterone, after resting for 2 months in that bed with the EMFs avoiding system. In addition, decreases in Cortisol/DHEA and Testosterone/cortisol ratio and plasma dopamine concentration were observed. No differences were found in placebo groups. In all participants that slept on HOGO beds, the biological age was reduced. CONCLUSIONS Sleeping in a bed that isolates from EMFs and drain them can be a possible strategy to improve the secretion of hormones related to a better response to stress and sleep quality, which means a better endocrine system, and consequently better homeostasis and maintenance of health. This fact was confirmed with the slowdown in the rate of aging checked with a rejuvenation of the biological age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Díaz-Del Cerro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology). Faculty de Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, José Antonio Novais, 12. 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of 12 de Octubre Hospital of Madrid (I+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - J Félix
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology). Faculty de Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, José Antonio Novais, 12. 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - JAF Tresguerres
- Department of Physiology. Medicine Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology). Faculty de Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, José Antonio Novais, 12. 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of 12 de Octubre Hospital of Madrid (I+12), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Marques MD, Paxton SJ, McLean SA, Jarman HK, Sibley CG. A prospective examination of relationships between social media use and body dissatisfaction in a representative sample of adults. Body Image 2022; 40:1-11. [PMID: 34768094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the temporal sequence of the relationship between social media use and body dissatisfaction in adults. A representative sample of adults (19-92 years old; M = 52.83, SD = 13.43; 62.02% women, 37.98% men) completed measures of social media use, body dissatisfaction, age, gender, BMI, and demographic variables in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 (N = 6258) in the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study. In the full sample, higher social media use was significantly associated with higher body dissatisfaction one year later, as was higher body dissatisfaction with higher social media use one year later after controlling for body dissatisfaction/social media use (T-1), gender, age, BMI, ethnicity, relationships status, and SES. Effects were small. The prospective pathway from social media use to body dissatisfaction was significant in all age groups but the reverse relationship was only significant in the middle aged and older groups. Both pathway directions were significant in women but only the pathway from body dissatisfaction to social media use was significant in men. The research has limitations and replication is required. However, findings suggest raising awareness about how to use social media positively across the broad community, not merely in adolescents, may be worthwhile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathew D Marques
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
| | - Susan J Paxton
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Siân A McLean
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Hannah K Jarman
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Chris G Sibley
- School of Psychology, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
De la Fuente M, Sánchez C, Vallejo C, Díaz-Del Cerro E, Arnalich F, Hernanz Á. Vitamin C and vitamin C plus E improve the immune function in the elderly. Exp Gerontol 2020; 142:111118. [PMID: 33091525 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With aging the immune response is impaired. This immunosenescence, in which an alteration of the redox state of the immune cells appears, is involved in the rate of aging. Since leukocyte function is a good marker of health and predictor of longevity, the effects of daily oral administration of the antioxidant vitamin C (500 mg), or both vitamin C (500 mg) and vitamin E (200 mg) on several blood neutrophil (adherence, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and superoxide anion levels) and lymphocyte (adherence, chemotaxis, proliferation, interleukin-2 secretion and natural killer activity) functions were studied in healthy elderly men and women. These parameters were analysed before supplementation, after 3 months of supplementation, and 6 months after the end of supplementation. The results showed that vitamin C, in elderly participants, improved the immune functions studied which achieved values close to those of young adults. These effects were maintained in several functions after 6 months without supplementation. Similar effects were found in the elderly supplemented with both vitamin C and E. Thus, a short period of vitamin C or vitamin C and E ingestion, with the doses used, improves the immune function in elderly men and women and could contribute to a healthy longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Sánchez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Vallejo
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Díaz-Del Cerro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Ángel Hernanz
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gulsvik A, Bakke PS, Brøgger J, Nielsen R, Stavem K. Respiratory symptoms and mortality in four general population cohorts over 45 years. Respir Med 2020; 170:106060. [PMID: 32843179 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the association between respiratory symptoms and mortality in four cohorts of the general population in Norway aged 15-75 years and in selected subgroups in the pooled sample. METHODS The study comprised 158,702 persons, who were drawn randomly from the Norwegian population register. All subjects received a standardized, self-administered questionnaire on 11 respiratory symptoms between 1972 and 1998, with follow-up of death until December 31, 2017. Analyses were performed on 114,380 respondents. RESULTS The hazard of death was closely associated with sex, age, and education. The hazard ratios (HR) for death and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) by risk factors were similar in the four cohorts. After adjustment for demographic and environmental, modifiable factors, the HR for death was 1.90 (95% CI 1.80-2.00) for breathlessness score 3, 1.28 (1.21-1.37) for cough/phlegm score 5 and 1.09 (1.05-1.14) for attack of breathlessness/wheeze score 2 compared to the referent (no symptom), respectively. The cough/phlegm score was associated with death in current smokers but not in never smokers or ex-smokers. Breathlessness score was associated with death in men and women. CONCLUSION Among persons aged 45-75 years, respiratory symptoms were significant predictors of all cause mortality. Education and smoking habits influenced only the associations between coughing and mortality. The associations were independent of study sites.
Collapse
|
6
|
Järvholm S, Thurin-Kjellberg A, Broberg M. Experiences of Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) in Sweden: a Three-Year Follow-Up of Men and Women. J Genet Couns 2017; 26:1008-16. [PMID: 28191608 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-017-0078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Men and women with a hereditary genetic disease are faced with different options when they wish to become parents. One is pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) which is a combination of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and genetic analysis of the embryo before implantation. The present study focused on men and women's psychological experiences of PGD three years after applying for PGD. Nineteen women and seventeen men (i.e. seventeen couples and two women) participated. The interviews were analysed by thematic method. It is better to have tried was identified as a master theme, under which came three underlying sub-themes, which had the following headings: Practical experience of PGD, Psychological experience of PGD and Goals of PGD. The results show that men and women three years after PGD are still psychologically affected by their experience. The men and women raised concerns that their relationship had been affected, both positively and negatively, and feelings of anxiety and depression still remained. Healthcare services should recognize the heterogeneous nature of the group being studied and therefore the need for counselling can arise at different times and in relation to different areas, regardless of the outcome of the PGD.
Collapse
|
7
|
Holloway KL, Williams LJ, Brennan-Olsen SL, Morse AG, Kotowicz MA, Nicholson GC, Pasco JA. Anxiety disorders and falls among older adults. J Affect Disord 2016; 205:20-27. [PMID: 27391268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls are common among older adults and can lead to serious injuries, including fractures. We aimed to determine associations between anxiety disorders and falls in older adults. METHODS Participants were 487 men and 376 women aged ≥60 years enrolled in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study, Australia. Using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Non-patient edition (SCID-I/NP), lifetime history of anxiety disorders was determined. Falls were determined by self-report. In men, a falls-risk score (Elderly Falls Screening Test (EFST)) was also calculated. RESULTS Among fallers, 24 of 299 (8.0%) had a lifetime history of anxiety disorder compared to 36 of 634 (5.7%) non-fallers (p=0.014). Examination of the association between anxiety and falls suggested differential relationships for men and women. In men, following adjustment for psychotropic medications, mobility and blood pressure, lifetime anxiety disorder was associated with falling (OR 2.96; 95%CI 1.07-8.21) and with EFST score (OR 3.46; 95%CI 1.13-10.6). In women, an association between lifetime anxiety disorder and falls was explained by psychotropic medication use, poor mobility and socioeconomic status. LIMITATIONS Sub-group analyses involving types of anxiety and anxiety disorders over the past 12-months were not performed due to power limitations. CONCLUSION Although anxiety disorders were independently associated with a 3-fold increase in likelihood of reported falls and high falls risk among men, an independent association was not detected among women. These results may aid in prevention of falls through specific interventions aimed at reducing anxiety, particularly in men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S L Brennan-Olsen
- Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; The Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Medical School, Western Campus, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A G Morse
- Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - M A Kotowicz
- Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Medical School, Western Campus, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - G C Nicholson
- The Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Rural Clinical School, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - J A Pasco
- Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Medical School, Western Campus, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Maïmoun L, Mura T, Leprieur E, Avignon A, Mariano-Goulart D, Sultan A. Impact of obesity on bone mass throughout adult life: Influence of gender and severity of obesity. Bone 2016; 90:23-30. [PMID: 26657826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity improves areal bone mineral density (aBMD). However, it is unknown whether gender, ageing or the severity of obesity could modulate this effect and whether different bone sites are similarly affected. OBJECTIVE The aim of this observational study was to model the aBMD variation in obese patients from peak bone period to old age according to gender, bone localisation and severity of obesity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Five hundred and four obese patients (363 women, 72%) with a mean BMI of 38.5 ± 6.0 kg/m2, aged from 18.1 to 81.9 years (mean age 49.6 ± 14.6 years) were recruited. The whole body (WB), hip, lumbar spine (L1–L4) and one-third radius aBMDs were determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS Z-scores were significantly increased, above the age- and gender-related mean, both for women and men at WB (respectively 0.79 SD and 0.32 SD), hip (1.09 SD and 1.06 SD), one-third radius (1.70 SD and 0.45 SD) and L1–L4 levels (0.86 SD for women only). The improvement of Z-scores was significantly more marked in women compared to men at all bone sites, hip excepted. Furthermore, differences compared with normal values were significantly accentuated by ageing, without noticeable gender effect. In women, regardless of BMI and bone site, Z-scores were higher than normal values, this difference being most marked at WB, L1–L4 and hip levels for obese patients with a BMI above 40 kg/m2. Lean mass, but not fat mass, was independently associated with aBMD in men and women. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated for the first time that obesity induces an improvement of aBMD, which is modulated by bone site location, severity of obesity, age and gender. The accentuation of peak bone mass combined with a reduction of bone loss rate with ageing may explain why obese patients present a lower prevalence of osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Maïmoun
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; U1046 INSERM, UMR9214 CNRS, Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, University of Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, France.
| | - Thibault Mura
- Département d'Information Médicale, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Elodie Leprieur
- Département Endocrinologie, Nutrition, Diabète, Equipe Nutrition, Diabète, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Avignon
- U1046 INSERM, UMR9214 CNRS, Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, University of Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, France; Département Endocrinologie, Nutrition, Diabète, Equipe Nutrition, Diabète, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Denis Mariano-Goulart
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; U1046 INSERM, UMR9214 CNRS, Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, University of Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, France
| | - Ariane Sultan
- U1046 INSERM, UMR9214 CNRS, Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, University of Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, France; Département Endocrinologie, Nutrition, Diabète, Equipe Nutrition, Diabète, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Storesund A, Krukhaug Y, Olsen MV, Rygh LJ, Nilsen RM, Norekvål TM. Females report higher postoperative pain scores than males after ankle surgery. Scand J Pain 2016; 12:85-93. [PMID: 28850501 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The majority of patients experience moderate-to-intense pain following ankle surgery. Early, adequate treatment of postoperative pain is desirable for optimal pain relief, which in turn may facilitate optimal pulmonary function, normal respiration pattern, rehabilitation and prevention of a chronic pain condition. In this retrospective study, we aimed to identify possible predictors of moderate-to-intense postoperative pain while in the Post Anaesthesia Care Unit (PACU) in patients operated for ankle fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Social demographics and clinical characteristics from admission throughout the stay in the PACU were collected from the hospital patient record system in retrospect. Pain was assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) or a verbal Numeric Rating Scale (vNRS). A VAS/vNRS score 4-6 was classified as moderate and 7-10 as intense pain. Other factors which were investigated were time from ankle fracture to surgery, anaesthetic procedure, pre-, per- and postoperative medical treatment, radiological classification, complexity of fracture, operative technique, and time using tourniquet procedure. RESULTS Data from 336 patients who underwent surgery to repair an ankle fracture between January 2009 and December 2010 were analysed. None of the following variables had a statistically significant effect on pain; age, weight, smoking, timeframe from fracture to operation, type of anaesthesia, opioids given peroperatively, complexity of the fracture, operation technique or tourniquet inflation procedure. Female sex predicted moderate-to-intense postoperative pain in the PACU with odds ratio 2.31 (95% confidence interval 1.39-3.86), P=0.001. As far as we know, this is the first study to show a sex difference in reporting pain in the first hours after surgery for ankle fracture. CONCLUSION Female patients operated for ankle fracture report higher pain-intensity-score than male patients while in the PACU. IMPLICATIONS Our findings suggest that treatment strategies to prevent high peaks of pain should particularly target women operated for an ankle fracture.
Collapse
|
10
|
Robertson C, Avenell A, Boachie C, Stewart F, Archibald D, Douglas F, Hoddinott P, van Teijlingen E, Boyers D. Should weight loss and maintenance programmes be designed differently for men? A systematic review of long-term randomised controlled trials presenting data for men and women: The ROMEO project. Obes Res Clin Pract 2016; 10:70-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
11
|
Lennartsson AK, Billig H, Jonsdottir IH. Burnout is associated with elevated prolactin levels in men but not in women. J Psychosom Res 2014; 76:380-3. [PMID: 24745779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prolactin levels have been shown to be increased by different types of psychosocial stress. Since burnout is a consequence of long-term psychosocial stress, prolactin levels might also be affected in burnout. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in prolactin levels between individuals who report burnout and others. METHOD Morning fasting serum prolactin levels were compared between individuals who reported burnout (24 men and 25 women) and individuals who reported no burnout (25 men and 13 women). Women were tested in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Men and women were analysed separately. RESULTS Men who reported burnout exhibited significantly higher (34%) serum prolactin levels compared to men who reported no burnout. The prolactin levels in women who reported burnout were not different from the levels in the women who reported no burnout before or after adjusting for estradiol levels. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that prolactin levels are higher in men with burnout than men without burnout but not affected in women with burnout. Why no association was seen in women needs to be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Håkan Billig
- The Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingibjörg H Jonsdottir
- The Institute of Stress Medicine, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22 B, 413 19 Göteborg, Sweden; The Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Coleman KJ, Huang YC, Hendee F, Watson HL, Casillas RA, Brookey J. Three-year weight outcomes from a bariatric surgery registry in a large integrated healthcare system. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2014; 10:396-403. [PMID: 24951065 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2014.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A registry was created for patients having procedures for weight loss from 2004 to the present time at a large integrated healthcare system. The objective of this study was to compare findings to the literature and national quality monitoring databases and present 3-year weight loss outcomes. METHODS Patients are passively enrolled in the registry with the following characteristics: a bariatric procedure for weight loss after January 1, 2004 and actively enrolled in the health plan at the time of surgery. RESULTS Compared to national surgical quality databases, the registry (n = 20,296) has a similar proportion of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB; 58%), more vertical sleeve gastrectomy (SG; 40%), fewer banding (2%) procedures, more Hispanic patients (35%), and higher rates of 1 year follow-up (78%). RYGB patients lost more weight at every time point up to 3 years after surgery compared with SG patients (P<.001). Non-Hispanic white RYGB patients had a higher percent excess weight loss than non-Hispanic black (P<.001) and Hispanic (P<.001) RYGB patients. There were no differences between SG racial/ethnic groups in percent excess weight loss throughout the 3-year follow-up period. CONCLUSION We are one of the first groups to publish comparison weight outcomes for RYGB and SG in a diverse patient population, showing that the responses to RYGB and not SG vary by race/ethnicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Coleman
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Pasadena, California.
| | - Yii-Chieh Huang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Pasadena, California
| | - Fadi Hendee
- South Bay Medical Center, Department of Endocrinology, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Harbor City, California
| | - Heather L Watson
- Population Care Management, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Pasadena, California
| | - Robert A Casillas
- West Los Angeles Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Los Angeles, California
| | - John Brookey
- Quality Improvement, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Pasadena, California
| |
Collapse
|