1
|
Hou X, Ga L, Zhang X, Ai J. Advances in the application of logic gates in nanozymes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05240-w. [PMID: 38488951 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05240-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Nanozymes are a class of nanomaterials with biocatalytic function and enzyme-like activity, whose advantages include high stability, low cost, and mass production. They can catalyze the substrates of natural enzymes based on specific nanostructures and serve as substitutes for natural enzymes. Their applied research involves a wide range of fields such as biomedicine, environmental governance, agriculture, and food. Molecular logic gates are a new cross-disciplinary discipline, which can simulate the function of silicon circuits on a molecular scale, perform single or multiple input logic operations, and generate logic outputs. A molecular logic gate is a binary operation that converts an input signal into an output signal according to the rules of Boolean logic, generating two signals, a high level, and a low level. The high and low levels represent the "true" and "false" values of the logic gates, and their outputs correspond to "l" and "0" of the molecular logic gates, respectively. The combination of nanozymes and logic gates is a novel and attractive research direction, and the cross-application of the two brings new opportunities and ideas for various fields, such as the construction of efficient biocomputers, intelligent drug delivery systems, and the precise diagnosis of diseases. This review describes the application of logic gates based on nanozymes, which is expected to provide a certain theoretical foundation for researchers' subsequent studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangru Hou
- College of Chemistry and Enviromental Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 zhaowudalu, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Lu Ga
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinchuankaifaqu, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, 49 Aimin Road, Hohhot, 010051, China.
| | - Jun Ai
- College of Chemistry and Enviromental Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 zhaowudalu, Hohhot, 010022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Souto FT, Machado VG. Hybrid films composed of ethyl(hydroxyethyl)cellulose and silica xerogel functionalized with a fluorogenic chemosensor for the detection of mercury in water. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 304:120480. [PMID: 36641189 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ethyl(hydroxyethyl)cellulose (EHEC) and a silica-based xerogel (SBX) were functionalized with a (18-crown-6)-styrylpyridine precursor (1) to obtain the modified polymers EHEC-1 and SBX-1, respectively. Films were obtained and the resulting materials were used as fluorogenic devices for the detection of Hg2+ in water. The films produced from EHEC-1 showed high water retention, making it difficult to apply as a reusable optical chemosensor. Since SBXs are recognized in the literature for their hydrophobicity, a hybrid film composed of EHEC and SBX-1 which did not show water retention was produced and characterized. This system showed rapid response time, outstanding selectivity compared to several other studied metal ions, and sensitivity for the detection of Hg2+ in water. The detection limit for this material using fluorescence technique was 2 ppb (∼10-8 mol L-1). The reversibility of the complex formed between EHEC-SBX-1 film and Hg2+ was demonstrated by the addition of cysteine to the medium. The result obtained also allowed the assembly of INHIBIT and IMPLICATION molecular logic gates, using Hg2+ and cysteine as inputs. The results described in this article have important significance in the development of novel reversible fluorogenic chemosensors and adsorbent materials for the effective removal of Hg2+ ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francielly Thaís Souto
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Gageiro Machado
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
ERBAŞ ÇAKMAK S. Development of dual enzyme responsive molecular AND logic gate. Turk J Chem 2021; 46:567-574. [PMID: 38143461 PMCID: PMC10734702 DOI: 10.3906/kim-2111-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular logic gates are information processing devices that can respond to environmental signals and produce a readable output in response through Boolean logic operations. Molecules with these properties have been used to build smart sensors and therapeutic agents. In this work, dual enzyme-responsive molecular AND logic gate is developed with the intention to discriminate various combinations of enzyme level and/or activity. A resorufin-based sensor is substituted with self-immolative tyrosinase recognition site, 3-hydroxy benzyl group. The Hydroxyl group is protected with acetyl moiety which decreases the affinity of the enzyme. When both tyrosinase and esterase are present in the solution, the acetyl group is removed by the latter enzyme, allowing the former to recognise the ligand. Oxidation of the ligand by tyrosinase triggers self-immolative cleavage of the substitution, leading to almost 70 fold enhancement in fluorescence. When single enzyme is applied, there is no significant change in the emission intensity overall, an AND logic gate is constructed. Selectivity and Michaelis-Menten kinetics of the sensor is analysed. Smart molecular probes can contribute to the research on the development of biosensors that can discriminate diseases having characteristic combinations of enzyme activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sündüs ERBAŞ ÇAKMAK
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Konya Food and Agriculture University, Konya,
Turkey
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Konya Food and Agriculture University, Konya,
Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Y, Wang L, Dong Y. A Label-free and Universal Platform for the Construction of Various Logic Circuits Based on Graphene Oxide and G-Quadruplex Structure. ANAL SCI 2019; 35:181-187. [PMID: 30745511 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18p349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Due to structual polymorphism, excellent binding activity and functional significances in biological regulation, G-quadruplex has become the focus of research as an innovated module for analytical chemistry and biomedicine. Meanwhile, in the biosensor fields, new nanomaterial graphene oxide (GO) has also received extensive attention due to its brilliant physical and chemical properties. Herein, we propose a non-label and enzyme-free logic operation platform based on G-quadruplex structure and GO instead of any expensive modification. Taking advantage of the quenching ability of GO to AgNCs and the fluorescence enhancement of NMM (N-methylmesoporphyrin IX) mediated by the split G-quadruplex, a series of binary logic gates (AND, OR, INHIBIT, XOR) have been constructed and verified by biological experiments. Subsequently, two combinatorial logic gates were successfully realized conceptually on the basis of the same BGG platform, including half adder and half subtractor. Taken together, such a universal platform has great potential in applications, such as biocomputing, bio-imaging and disease diagnosis, which cultivate a new view for future biological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luhui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University
| | - Yafei Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University.,Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tavallali H, Deilamy-Rad G, Mosallanejad N. Reactive Blue 4 as a Single Colorimetric Chemosensor for Sequential Determination of Multiple Analytes with Different Optical Responses in Aqueous Media: Cu 2+-Cysteine Using a Metal Ion Displacement and Cu 2+-Arginine Through the Host-Guest Interaction. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 187:913-37. [PMID: 30105545 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2796-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we reported a novel label-free and facile colorimetric approach for the sequential detection of copper ion (Cu2+), L-arginine (Arg), and L-cysteine (Cys) in the H2O (10.0 mmol L-1 HEPES buffer solution, pH 7.0) using Reactive Blue 4 (RB4). First, the presence of Cu2+ led to a naked-eye color and spectral changes according to the binding site-signaling subunit approach. Then, the RB4-Cu2+ complex was successfully applied for Cys and Arg through different recognition pathways. The optical signals for Arg were observed due to its association involving the amino group, as well as the participation of the carboxylate group in a bidentate form to the complex, while selective behavior for Cys was explained by a metal displacement mechanism. The limits of detection for Cu2+, Arg, and Cys were calculated to be 1.96, 1.06, and 1.33 μmol L-1, respectively. It could also be employed for the determination of three analytes in environmental, biological, and pharmaceutical samples. Importantly, the test strips based on RB4-Cu2+ complex could be used as a solid-state sensor for the detection of Cys and Arg. In addition, NAND and IMPLICATION molecular logic gates were obtained by using chemical inputs and UV-Vis absorbance signal as the output. Graphical Abstract.
Collapse
|
6
|
Tavallali H, Deilamy-Rad G, Moaddeli A, Asghari K. Indigo Carmine-Cu complex probe exhibiting dual colorimetric/fluorimetric sensing for selective determination of mono hydrogen phosphate ion and its logic behavior. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2017; 183:319-331. [PMID: 28458237 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new selective probe based on copper complex of Indigo Carmine (IC-Cu2) for colorimetric, naked-eye, and fluorimetric recognition of mono hydrogen phosphate (MHP) ion in H2O/DMSO (4:1v/v, 1.0mmolL-1 HEPES buffer solution pH7.5) was developed. Detection limit of HPO42- determination, achieved by fluorimetric and 3lorimetric method, are 0.071 and 1.46μmolL-1, respectively. Potential, therefore is clearly available in IC-Cu2 complex to detect HPO42- in micromolar range via dual visible color change and fluorescence response. Present method shows high selectivity toward HPO42- over other phosphate species and other anions and was successfully utilized for analysis of P2O5 content of a fertilizer sample. The results obtained by proposed chemosensor presented good agreement with those obtained the colorimetric reference method. INHIBIT and IMPLICATION logic gates operating at molecular level have been achieved using Cu2+and HPO42- as chemical inputs and UV-Vis absorbance signal as output.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Tavallali
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, 19395-4697 Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Gohar Deilamy-Rad
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, 19395-4697 Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ali Moaddeli
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Asghari
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, 19395-4697 Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang L, Zhang J, Yu X, Ma Y, Huang T, Shen X, Qiu H, He X, Yin S. A Cu²⁺-selective fluorescent chemosensor based on BODIPY with two pyridine ligands and logic gate. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 145:25-32. [PMID: 25766475 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.02.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel near-infrared fluorescent chemosensor based on BODIPY (Py-1) has been synthesized and characterized. Py-1 displays high selectivity and sensitivity for sensing Cu(2+) over other metal ions in acetonitrile. Upon addition of Cu(2+) ions, the maximum absorption band of Py-1 in CH3CN displays a red shift from 603 to 608 nm, which results in a visual color change from pink to blue. When Py-1 is excited at 600 nm in the presence of Cu(2+), the fluorescent emission intensity of Py-1 at 617 nm is quenched over 86%. Notably, the complex of Py-1-Cu(2+) can be restored with the introduction of EDTA or S(2-). Consequently, an IMPLICATION logic gate at molecular level operating in fluorescence mode with Cu(2+) and S(2-) as chemical inputs can be constructed. Finally, based on the reversible and reproducible system, a nanoscale sequential memory unit displaying "Writing-Reading-Erasing-Reading" functions can be integrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqian Huang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiu Yu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China
| | - Yifan Ma
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Huang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China
| | - Xi Shen
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China
| | - Huayu Qiu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China
| | - Xingxing He
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China
| | - Shouchun Yin
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|