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Ruiz VH, Encinas-Basurto D, Sun B, Eedara BB, Roh E, Alarcon NO, Curiel-Lewandrowski C, Bode AM, Mansour HM. Innovative Rocuronium Bromide Topical Formulation for Targeted Skin Drug Delivery: Design, Comprehensive Characterization, In Vitro 2D/3D Human Cell Culture and Permeation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108776. [PMID: 37240122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second-most common type of non-melanoma skin cancer and is linked to long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. Rocuronium bromide (RocBr) is an FDA-approved drug that targets p53-related protein kinase (PRPK) that inhibits the development of UV-induced cSCC. This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties and in vitro behavior of RocBr. Techniques such as thermal analysis, electron microscopy, spectroscopy and in vitro assays were used to characterize RocBr. A topical oil/water emulsion lotion formulation of RocBr was successfully developed and evaluated. The in vitro permeation behavior of RocBr from its lotion formulation was quantified with Strat-M® synthetic biomimetic membrane and EpiDerm™ 3D human skin tissue. Significant membrane retention of RocBr drug was evident and more retention was obtained with the lotion formulation compared with the solution. This is the first systematic and comprehensive study to report these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor H Ruiz
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - David Encinas-Basurto
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Physics, Mathematics and Engineering, Campus Navojoa, Universidad de Sonora, Sonora 85880, Mexico
| | - Bo Sun
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Skin Cancer Institute, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Basanth Babu Eedara
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Eunmiri Roh
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Kwangju Women's University, Gwangju 62396, Republic of Korea
| | - Neftali Ortega Alarcon
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Clara Curiel-Lewandrowski
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Skin Cancer Institute, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Heidi M Mansour
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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