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Meléndez-López A, Cruz-Castañeda J, Negrón-Mendoza A, Ramos-Bernal S, Heredia A, Castro-Sanpedro L, Aguilar-Flores D. Gamma irradiation of adenine and guanine adsorbed into hectorite and attapulgite. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16071. [PMID: 37215897 PMCID: PMC10196509 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the radiolysis (up to 36 kGy) of guanine and adenine (nitrogenous bases) adsorbed in hectorite and attapulgite to highlight the potential role of clays as protective agents against ionizing radiation in prebiotic processes. In this framework, the study investigated the nitrogenous bases' behavior in two types of systems: a) aqueous suspension of adenine-clay systems and b) guanine-clay systems in the solid state. This research utilized spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques for its analytical purposes. Regardless of the reaction medium conditions, the results reveal that nitrogenous bases are stable under ionizing irradiation when adsorbed on both clays.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Meléndez-López
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Deleg. Coyoacán, Apartado Postal 70-543, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - J. Cruz-Castañeda
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Deleg. Coyoacán, Apartado Postal 70-543, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - A. Negrón-Mendoza
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Deleg. Coyoacán, Apartado Postal 70-543, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - S. Ramos-Bernal
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Deleg. Coyoacán, Apartado Postal 70-543, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - A. Heredia
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Deleg. Coyoacán, Apartado Postal 70-543, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - L.G. Castro-Sanpedro
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza Campus 2. Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, Ejército de Oriente Zona Peñón, Iztapalapa, 09230, CDMX, Mexico
| | - D. Aguilar-Flores
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza Campus 2. Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, Ejército de Oriente Zona Peñón, Iztapalapa, 09230, CDMX, Mexico
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Silver J, al-Jaff G, Taies JA, Wilson MT, den Engelsen D, Fern GR, Ireland TG. Studies on the binding of CO to low-spin [Fe(II)(Por)L 2] complexes: an aid to understanding the binding of CO to haemoglobin and myoglobin. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023; 28:65-84. [PMID: 36478266 PMCID: PMC9938061 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-022-01969-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The visible and Mössbauer spectra of [Fe(II)(Por)L2] and [Fe(II)(Por)L(CO)] complexes (where Por = protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) or tetra(p-sulfophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) and L = an aliphatic or aromatic nitrogenous base) are reported and discussed. The results are compared to those of previously reported [Fe(II)(Por)L(CO)] complexes (where Por = PPIX, TPPS, PMXPP, TPP, OMTBP and OEP; L = a nitrogenous aromatic ligand) and HbCO (where Hb = haemoglobin) and MyCO (where My = myoglobin). A new approach, to extracting information from the Mössbauer parameters has been developed by plotting those of the [Fe(II)(Por)L2] complexes against those of [Fe(II)(Por)L(CO)] complexes for the same ligands, has yielded a series of trend lines that show a significant dependence on both the nature of the porphyrin and also of the nitrogenous ligand. Different trend lines were found for aromatic nitrogenous ligands to aliphatic nitrogenous ligands showing that the porphyrins could donate different amounts of charge to the Fe(II) cations as the L ligand changed, and hence, they display electron sink properties. From the plots, it was shown that haemoglobin and myoglobin both bind CO very strongly compared to the model complexes studied herein. Using the reported structural and Mössbauer data for the [Fe(II)(Por)L2] and [Fe(II)(Por)L(CO)] complexes, it proved possible and instructive to plot the Mössbauer parameters against a number of the bond lengths around the Fe(II) cations. The interpretation of the resulting trend lines both supported and facilitated the extension of our findings enabling further understanding of the geometry of the bonding in CO haemoglobin and CO myoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Silver
- grid.7728.a0000 0001 0724 6933College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, School of Engineering, Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH Middlesex UK
| | - Golzar al-Jaff
- grid.8356.80000 0001 0942 6946School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ Essex UK ,grid.444950.8Department of Chemistry, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Jehad A. Taies
- grid.8356.80000 0001 0942 6946School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ Essex UK ,Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Anwar, Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Michael T. Wilson
- grid.8356.80000 0001 0942 6946School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ Essex UK
| | - Daniel den Engelsen
- grid.7728.a0000 0001 0724 6933College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, School of Engineering, Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH Middlesex UK
| | - George R. Fern
- grid.7728.a0000 0001 0724 6933College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, School of Engineering, Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH Middlesex UK
| | - Terry G. Ireland
- grid.7728.a0000 0001 0724 6933College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, School of Engineering, Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH Middlesex UK
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Muntean CM, Biter TL, Bratu I, Toşa N. Metallic surface dynamics of genomic DNA and its nitrogenous bases: SERS assessment and theoretical considerations. J Mol Model 2019; 25:162. [PMID: 31093747 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of genomic DNA and its nucleobases at a silver surface were explored using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and ab initio Verlet-type dynamics, respectively. The bands observed had full widths at half-maximum (FWHMs) in the wavenumber range 10-29 cm-1. (Sub)picosecond molecular dynamics with global relaxation times of 0.37-1.06 ps were noted. Furthermore, the on-surface ab initio dynamics of the DNA bases were examined using DFT with a Verlet-type algorithm. The results attained for these ergodic dynamic systems describe real systems quite well and could therefore be correlated with corresponding experimental data.
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Pérez-Martínez C, Pérez-Cárceles MD, Legaz I, Prieto-Bonete G, Luna A. Quantification of nitrogenous bases, DNA and Collagen type I for the estimation of the postmortem interval in bone remains. Forensic Sci Int 2017; 281:106-112. [PMID: 29125988 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Estimating the postmortem interval (PMI) is an important goal in forensic medicine and continues to be one of the most difficult tasks of the forensic investigator. Few accurate methods exist to determine the time since death of skeletonized human remains due to the great number of intrinsic and external factors that may alter the normal course of postmortem change. The purpose of this research was to assess the usefulness of various biochemical parameters, such as nitrogenous bases (adenine, guanine, purines, cytosine, thymine, pyrimidines, hypoxanthine and xanthine), DNA and Collagen Type I peptides to estimate PMI. These parameters were analysed in cortical bone for the establishment of data in a total of 80 long bones of 80 corpses (50 males, 30 females) with a mean age of 68.31 years (S.D.=18.021, range=20-97). The bones were removed from the cement niches of a cemetery in Murcia (south-eastern Spain), where they had lain for between 5 and 47 years (mean time 23.83 years, S.D.=10.85). Our results show a significant decrease in adenine (p=0.0004), guanine (p=0.0001), purines (p=0.0001), cytosine (p=0.0001), thymine (p=0.0226), pyrimidines (p=0.0002) and the number of peptides of Collagen type I (p=0.0053) in those with a PMI≥20 years. In a curvilinear regression analysis the results show that 30.6% of the variable PMI could be explained by guanine concentration, in bones with a PMI<20 years, while in cases of a PMI≥20 years, the variable that best explained membership of this group was adenine (38.0%). In the discriminant analysis applied to the all the variables as a function of PMI when two groups were established, 86.7% of the cases were correctly classified. These results show that the quantification of Collagen type I proteins and nitrogenous bases could be used as a complementary tool, together with other analyses, in the estimation of PMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabel Legaz
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Aurelio Luna
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain
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Copes N, Edwards C, Chaput D, Saifee M, Barjuca I, Nelson D, Paraggio A, Saad P, Lipps D, Stevens SM Jr, Bradshaw PC. Metabolome and proteome changes with aging in Caenorhabditis elegans. Exp Gerontol 2015; 72:67-84. [PMID: 26390854 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
To expand the understanding of aging in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, global quantification of metabolite and protein levels in young and aged nematodes was performed using mass spectrometry. With age, there was a decreased abundance of proteins functioning in transcription termination, mRNA degradation, mRNA stability, protein synthesis, and proteasomal function. Furthermore, there was altered S-adenosyl methionine metabolism as well as a decreased abundance of the S-adenosyl methionine synthetase (SAMS-1) protein. Other aging-related changes included alterations in free fatty acid levels and composition, decreased levels of ribosomal proteins, decreased levels of NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1), a shift in the cellular redox state, an increase in sorbitol content, alterations in free amino acid levels, and indications of altered muscle function and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) homeostasis. There were also decreases in pyrimidine and purine metabolite levels, most markedly nitrogenous bases. Supplementing the culture medium with cytidine (a pyrimidine nucleoside) or hypoxanthine (a purine base) increased lifespan slightly, suggesting that aging-induced alterations in ribonucleotide metabolism affect lifespan. An age-related increase in body size, lipotoxicity from ectopic yolk lipoprotein accumulation, a decline in NAD(+) levels, and mitochondrial electron transport chain dysfunction may explain many of these changes. In addition, dietary restriction in aged worms resulting from sarcopenia of the pharyngeal pump likely decreases the abundance of SAMS-1, possibly leading to decreased phosphatidylcholine levels, larger lipid droplets, and ER and mitochondrial stress. The complementary use of proteomics and metabolomics yielded unique insights into the molecular processes altered with age in C. elegans.
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