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Dell KL, Payne DE, Kremen V, Maturana MI, Gerla V, Nejedly P, Worrell GA, Lenka L, Mivalt F, Boston RC, Brinkmann BH, D'Souza W, Burkitt AN, Grayden DB, Kuhlmann L, Freestone DR, Cook MJ. Seizure likelihood varies with day-to-day variations in sleep duration in patients with refractory focal epilepsy: A longitudinal electroencephalography investigation. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 37:100934. [PMID: 34386736 PMCID: PMC8343264 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the effects of prolonged sleep deprivation (≥24 h) on seizure occurrence has been thoroughly explored, little is known about the effects of day-to-day variations in the duration and quality of sleep on seizure probability. A better understanding of the interaction between sleep and seizures may help to improve seizure management. METHODS To explore how sleep and epileptic seizures are associated, we analysed continuous intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) recordings collected from 10 patients with refractory focal epilepsy undergoing ordinary life activities between 2010 and 2012 from three clinical centres (Austin Health, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and St Vincent's Hospital of the Melbourne University Epilepsy Group). A total of 4340 days of sleep-wake data were analysed (average 434 days per patient). EEG data were sleep scored using a semi-automated machine learning approach into wake, stages one, two, and three non-rapid eye movement sleep, and rapid eye movement sleep categories. FINDINGS Seizure probability changes with day-to-day variations in sleep duration. Logistic regression models revealed that an increase in sleep duration, by 1·66 ± 0·52 h, lowered the odds of seizure by 27% in the following 48 h. Following a seizure, patients slept for longer durations and if a seizure occurred during sleep, then sleep quality was also reduced with increased time spent aroused from sleep and reduced rapid eye movement sleep. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that day-to-day deviations from regular sleep duration correlates with changes in seizure probability. Sleeping longer, by 1·66 ± 0·52 h, may offer protective effects for patients with refractory focal epilepsy, reducing seizure risk. Furthermore, the occurrence of a seizure may disrupt sleep patterns by elongating sleep and, if the seizure occurs during sleep, reducing its quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina L. Dell
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 29 Regent Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Daniel E. Payne
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 29 Regent Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vaclav Kremen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
- Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics, and Cybernetics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matias I. Maturana
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 29 Regent Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Seer Medical, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vaclav Gerla
- Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics, and Cybernetics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nejedly
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | | | - Lhotska Lenka
- Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics, and Cybernetics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Mivalt
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - Raymond C. Boston
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 29 Regent Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Department of Clinical Studies - NBC, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, United States
| | | | - Wendyl D'Souza
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 29 Regent Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Anthony N. Burkitt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David B. Grayden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Levin Kuhlmann
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 29 Regent Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Department of Data Science and AI, Faculty of Information and Technology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Mark J. Cook
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 29 Regent Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
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Choi HS, Hong KB, Han SH, Suh HJ. Valerian/Cascade mixture promotes sleep by increasing non-rapid eye movement (NREM) in rodent model. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:913-920. [PMID: 29710491 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effect of Valerian/Cascade mixture on sleeping in mammal models. In pentobarbital-induced sleep model, Valerian, Cascade, and Valerian/Cascade mixture significantly reduced the latency time for sleeping, and total sleeping time effectively increased in these sample groups compared with the control. Valerian/Cascade mixture increased sleep duration by 37%. The mixture significantly increased the non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep time by 53% compared with the control, while REM sleeping time was decreased by 33% with Valerian/Cascade mixture, in Electroencephalography (EEG) analysis, resulting in the increase of total sleep time and the decrease of awakening. This sleep-promoting effect was obvious in caffeine-induced awakening model; Valerian, Cascade, and the mixture significantly enhanced NREM and total sleep time, which were reduced by caffeine. Caffeine-induced increase of awakening was effectively deceased to the normal level by these three samples. In particular, delta wave responsible for deep sleep in NREM was greatly increased by the mixture in both normal and caffeine-induced awake models. This sleep-promoting effect of Valerian/Cascade mixture was shown to be due to the upregulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAAR). Valerian/Cascade mixture showed 91% binding capacity to GABAA-BZD receptor. Two compounds, Valerenic acid and Xanthohumol, were shown to significantly contribute to the binding activity of Valerian/Cascade mixture on the GABA receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Son Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bae Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences and Environmental Science Program, Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, United States
| | - Sung Hee Han
- BK21Plus, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Ha ZD, Pan KL, Jian XL, Luo JP, Guan SQ, Guo WW. [Changes to sleep patterns in young migrants at high altitude]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2017; 49:689-692. [PMID: 28910914 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship between the level of acclimatization and the changes to sleep architecture in migrants at high altitude. Methods: Nocturnal sleep recordings of 50 subjects aged between 18 and 25 years [mean age (20.9±2.0) years] were analyzed. Those young volunteers were divided into 3 700 m-3 m group(n=10, migrated to an altitude of 3 700 metres for 3 months), 3 700 m-1 y group(n=10, for 1 year) , 5 380 m-3 m group(n=8), 5 380 m-1 y group(n=9), and compared with a control group(n=13, at 1 400 m altitude). Results: When the migrants stayed at 5 380 m for 3 months or 1 year, the wake time increased significantly during sleep[(81.81±59.80)min vs(47.19±24.98) min, P=0.026; (77.94±25.64)min vs(47.19±24.98)min, P=0.040]. Concerning the percentage of total sleep time(TST) in each stage, participants in the 5 380 m-3 m group had a shift in sleep stage distribution with near absence of slow wave sleep(SWS) and a significant increase of N1 , but N2 and rapid eye movement(REM) did not differ. Interestingly, there were entirely concordant changes among the other 3 groups of results, decreased N2 and increased REM. Conclusions: The migrants' abilities to acclimatize themselves to plateau were varied according to the arrived altitude and the length of stay. The sleep of short- time migrants was characterized by increased N1 and decreased SWS, whereas that of well acclimatized migrants was characterized by less N2 and more REM. The efficient recovery in SWS may be an objective reference in high altitude acclimatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z D Ha
- The 18th Hospital of PLA, Yecheng, Xinjiang 844900, China
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Lee CI, Kim CS, Han JY, Oh EH, Oh KW, Eun JS. Repeated Administration of Korea Red Ginseng Extract Increases Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep via GABAAergic Systems. J Ginseng Res 2013; 36:403-10. [PMID: 23717143 PMCID: PMC3659601 DOI: 10.5142/jgr.2012.36.4.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The current inquiry was conducted to assess the change in sleep architecture after long periods of administration to determine whether ginseng can be used in the therapy of sleeplessness. Following post-surgical recovery, red ginseng extract (RGE, 200 mg/ kg) was orally administrated to rats for 9 d. Data were gathered on the 1st, 5th, and 9th day, and an electroencephalogram was recorded 24 h after RGE administration. Polygraphic signs of unobstructed sleep-wake activities were simultaneously recorded with sleep-wake recording electrodes from 11:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. for 6 h. Rodents were generally tamed to freely moving polygraphic recording conditions. Although the 1st and 5th day of RGE treatment showed no effect on power densities in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, the 9th day of RGE administration showed augmented α-wave (8.0 to 13.0 Hz) power densities in NREM and REM sleep. RGE increased total sleep and NREM sleep. The total percentage of wakefulness was only decreased on the 9th day, and the number of sleep-wake cycles was reduced after the repeated administration of RGE. Thus, the repeated administration of RGE increased NREM sleep in rats. The α-wave activities in the cortical electroencephalograms were increased in sleep architecture by RGE. Moreover, the levels of both α- and β-subunits of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor were reduced in the hypothalamus of the RGE-treated groups. The level of glutamic acid decarboxylase was over-expressed in the hypothalamus. These results demonstrate that RGE increases NREM sleep via GABAAergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Il Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
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