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Cheshmeh S, Elahi N, Ghayyem M, Mosaieby E, Moradi S, Pasdar Y, Tahmasebi S, Moradinazar M. Effect of green cardamom on the expression of genes implicated in obesity and diabetes among obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a double blind randomized controlled trial. Genes Nutr 2022; 17:17. [PMID: 36522620 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-022-00719-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disease in which related to obesity, metabolic disorders and is considered as one of the main causes of infertility in women. This trial was investigated the effects of green cardamom on the expression of genes implicated in obesity and diabetes among obese women with PCOS. METHODS One hundred ninety-four PCOS women were randomly divided two groups: intervention (n = 99; 3 g/day green cardamom) and control groups (n = 95). All of them were given low calorie diet. Anthropometric, glycemic and androgen hormones were assessed before and after 16-week intervention. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was used to measure fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO), peroxisome proliferative activating receptor- (PPAR-), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta (ACAB), leptin receptor (LEPR), ghrelin, and lamin A/C (LAMIN) genes expression in each group. RESULTS Anthropometric indices were significantly decreased after intervention in both two studied groups. Glycemic indices and androgen hormones were significantly improved in the intervention group compared to the control group. The expression levels of FTO, CPT1A, LEPR, and LAMIN were significantly downregulated compared to control group (P < 0.001), as well as, PPAR-y was significantly upregulated in the intervention group after intervention with green cardamom compared to control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION This current study showed that the administration of green cardamom is a beneficial approach for improving anthropometric, glycemic, and androgen hormones, as well as obesity and diabetes genes expression in PCOS women under the low-calorie diet. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered with the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: IRCT20200608047697N1). 1 August, 2020; https://www.irct.ir/trial/48748.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of seven previously reported obesity genes in East Asians and to analyse their associations and synergistic effects on obesity in the Taiwanese population. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING One medical centre in northern Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 323 non-obese and 264 obese participants were recruited. The threshold for obesity in this study was a body mass index of ≥27 kg/m(2), as defined by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan. The study was performed with the approval of the institutional review board of MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (application number 12MMHIS106). OUTCOME MEASURES We analysed the genotype distributions of seven SNPs localising to the PPARγ2, GNB3, SDC3, ADRB2, FTO, PPARγ and ESR1 genes in obese and non-obese groups and then paired obesity-related SNPs to determine if they have synergistic effects on obesity. RESULTS Analysis of the genotype distributions in obese and non-obese groups revealed only a significant positive correlation between an SNP in rs2282440-syndecan 3 (SDC3) and obesity in the Taiwanese population (p=0.006). In addition, the T/T genotype of SDC3 was significantly associated with a larger waist and hip circumference, higher body fat percentage and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Moreover, the combination of the rs2282440-SDC3T/T genotype with the rs1801282-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 gene (PPARγ2) G carrier genotype was strongly associated with obesity (OR=6.77). CONCLUSIONS We found that the rs2282440-SDC3T/T genotype is associated with obesity in the Taiwanese population. Furthermore, there is a synergistic effect of the high-risk alleles of the SDC3 and PPARγ2 genes on the obese phenotype in the Taiwanese population. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER 12MMHIS106; Results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsin Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ching Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lung Chan
- Department of Family Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Lin
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Research and Development, TCI Gene INC, Taipei, Taiwan
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Graff M, North KE, Richardson AS, Young KM, Mohlke KL, Lange LA, Lange EM, Harris KM, Gordon-Larsen P. Screen time behaviours may interact with obesity genes, independent of physical activity, to influence adolescent BMI in an ethnically diverse cohort. Pediatr Obes 2013; 8:e74-9. [PMID: 24039247 PMCID: PMC3838440 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00195.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been little investigation of gene-by-environment interactions related to sedentary behaviour, a risk factor for obesity defined as leisure screen time (ST; i.e. television, video and computer games). OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that limiting ST use attenuates the genetic predisposition to increased body mass index (BMI), independent of physical activity. DESIGN Using 7642 wave II participants of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, (Add Health; mean = 16.4 years, 52.6% female), we assessed the interaction of ST (h week(-1) ) and 41 established obesity single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with age- and sex-specific BMI Z-scores in 4788 European-American (EA), 1612 African-American (AA) and 1242 Hispanic American (HA) adolescents. RESULTS Nominally significant SNP*ST interaction were found for FLJ35779 in EA, GNPDA2 in AA and none in HA (EA: beta [SE] = 0.016[0.007]), AA: beta [SE] = 0.016[0.011]) per 7 h week(-1) ST and one risk allele in relation to BMI Z-score. CONCLUSIONS While for two established BMI loci, we find evidence that high levels of ST exacerbate the influence of obesity susceptibility variants on body mass; overall, we do not find strong evidence for interactions between the majority of established obesity loci. However, future studies with larger sample sizes, or that may build on our current study and the growing published literature, are clearly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina, USA,Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - KE North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina, USA,Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - AS Richardson
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - K M Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina, USA,Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - KL Mohlke
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill,
North Carolina, USA
| | - LA Lange
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill,
North Carolina, USA
| | - EM Lange
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill,
North Carolina, USA
| | - KM Harris
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina, USA,Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill,
North Carolina, USA
| | - P Gordon-Larsen
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina, USA,Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill,
North Carolina, USA
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