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Wang SH, Chen YL, Hsiao JR, Tsai FY, Jiang SS, Lee AYL, Tsai HJ, Chen YW. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 promotes radiosensitivity of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells via positive feedback on NF-κB/IL-6/ROS signaling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:95. [PMID: 33712045 PMCID: PMC7955639 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01898-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ectopic insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) expression has been shown to enhance cell migration and lymph node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. However, OSCC patients with high IGFBP3 expression had improved survival compared with those with low expression. Therefore, we speculated that IGFBP3 expression may play a role in response to conventional OSCC therapies, such as radiotherapy. Methods We used in vitro and in vivo analyses to explore IGFBP3-mediated radiosensitivity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection by flow cytometry was used to confirm IGFBP3-mediated ionizing radiation (IR)-induced apoptosis. Geneset enrichment analysis (GSEA) and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) were used to analyze the relationship between IGFBP3 and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling. Assays involving an NF-κB inhibitor, ROS scavenger or interleukin 6 (IL-6) were used to evaluate the NF-κB/IL-6/ROS signaling in IGFBP3-mediated radiosensitivity. Results Ectopic IGFBP3 expression enhanced IR-induced cell-killing in vitro. In vivo, IGFBP3 reduced tumor growth and increased apoptotic signals of tumor tissues in immunocompromised mice treated with IR. Combined with IR, ectopic IGFBP3 expression induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, which was apparent through mitochondrial destruction and increased ROS production. Ectopic IGFBP3 expression enhanced NK-κB activation and downstream cytokine expression. After IR exposure, IGFBP3-induced NF-κB activation was inhibited by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). IGFBP3-mediated ROS production was reduced by the NF-κB inhibitor BMS-345541, while exogenous IL-6 rescued the NF-κB-inhibited, IGFBP3-mediated ROS production. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that IGFBP3, a potential biomarker for radiosensitivity, promotes IR-mediated OSCC cell death by increasing ROS production through NF-κB activation and cytokine production. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01898-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ssu-Han Wang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Ren Hsiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Shih Sheng Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Alan Yueh-Luen Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Jen Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Li K, Meng Z, Jiang L, Xia C, Xu K, Yuan D, Chen H, Zhang B, Liu S. CDKL1 promotes the chemoresistance of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells to hydroxycamptothecin. Mol Cell Probes 2019; 44:57-62. [PMID: 30802495 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
CDKL1 is a cyclin-dependent kinase-like kinase that is highly expressed in diverse types of cancer cells. However, the role of CDKL1 in the chemoresistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains largely undefined. Here, we explored the role of CDKL1 in the chemoresistance of the human OSCC cell line CAL27 to hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting revealed that exposure of CAL27 cells to HCPT led to a marked increase in the expression of CDKL1 at the mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of CDKL1 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and induced cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest in CAL27 cells based on the results of MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. CAL27 cells displayed attenuated biological activity of the cell population. After treatment with HCPT, whereas CDKL1 overexpression increased the resistance to HCPT of the remaining cells. Moreover, the western blot showed that the expression of cleaved-caspase 3 and phosphorylated ataxia telangiectasia mutated proteins was upregulated by HCPT treatment in CAL27 cells. Furthermore, CDKL1 overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effects of HCPT in CAL27 cells. These results suggest that CDKL1 overexpression decreased the chemosensitivity of OSCC cells to HCPT, indicating a potential strategic approach for reversing the HCPT resistance in human OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, 250012, PR China; Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China
| | - Zhen Meng
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China
| | - Licheng Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China
| | - Chunpeng Xia
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China
| | - Daoying Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China
| | - Haiying Chen
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China.
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, 250000, PR China.
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Mehalick LA, Poulsen C, Fischer CL, Lanzel EA, Bates AM, Walters KS, Cavanaugh JE, Guthmiller JM, Johnson GK, Wertz PW, Brogden KA. Differential cytotoxicity of long-chain bases for human oral gingival epithelial keratinocytes, oral fibroblasts, and dendritic cells. Data Brief 2015; 5:285-91. [PMID: 26550599 PMCID: PMC4596918 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2015.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain bases, found in the oral cavity, have potent antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens. In an article associated with this dataset, Poulson and colleagues determined the cytotoxicities of long-chain bases (sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, and phytosphingosine) for human oral gingival epithelial (GE) keratinocytes, oral gingival fibroblasts (GF), dendritic cells (DC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines [1]. Poulson and colleagues found that GE keratinocytes were more resistant to long-chain bases as compared to GF, DC, and SCC cell lines [1]. In this study, we assess the susceptibility of DC to lower concentrations of long chain bases. 0.2–10.0 µM long-chain bases and GML were not cytotoxic to DC; 40.0–80.0 µM long-chain bases, but not GML, were cytotoxic for DC; and 80.0 µM long-chain bases were cytotoxic to DC and induced cellular damage and death in less than 20 mins. Overall, the LD50 of long-chain bases for GE keratinocytes, GF, and DC were considerably higher than their minimal inhibitory concentrations for oral pathogens, a finding important to pursuing their future potential in treating periodontal and oral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A. Mehalick
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Christopher Poulsen
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Carol L. Fischer
- Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Emily A. Lanzel
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Amber M. Bates
- Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Katherine S. Walters
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Joseph E. Cavanaugh
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Janet M. Guthmiller
- College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Georgia K. Johnson
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Philip W. Wertz
- Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kim A. Brogden
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Correspondence to: College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, N423 DSB, 801 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.College of Dentistry, The University of IowaN423 DSB, 801 Newton RoadIowa CityIA52242USA
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Kraus D, Reckenbeil J, Wenghoefer M, Stark H, Frentzen M, Allam JP, Novak N, Frede S, Götz W, Probstmeier R, Meyer R, Winter J. Ghrelin promotes oral tumor cell proliferation by modifying GLUT1 expression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1287-99. [PMID: 26407611 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In our study, ghrelin was investigated with respect to its capacity on proliferative effects and molecular correlations on oral tumor cells. The presence of all molecular components of the ghrelin system, i.e., ghrelin and its receptors, was analyzed and could be detected using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. To examine cellular effects caused by ghrelin and to clarify downstream-regulatory mechanisms, two different oral tumor cell lines (BHY and HN) were used in cell culture experiments. Stimulation of either cell line with ghrelin led to a significantly increased proliferation. Signal transduction occurred through phosphorylation of GSK-3β and nuclear translocation of β-catenin. This effect could be inhibited by blocking protein kinase A. Glucose transporter1 (GLUT1), as an important factor for delivering sufficient amounts of glucose to tumor cells having high requirements for this carbohydrate (Warburg effect) was up-regulated by exogenous and endogenous ghrelin. Silencing intracellular ghrelin concentrations using siRNA led to a significant decreased expression of GLUT1 and proliferation. In conclusion, our study describes the role for the appetite-stimulating peptide hormone ghrelin in oral cancer proliferation under the particular aspect of glucose uptake: (1) tumor cells are a source of ghrelin. (2) Ghrelin affects tumor cell proliferation through autocrine and/or paracrine activity. (3) Ghrelin modulates GLUT1 expression and thus indirectly enhances tumor cell proliferation. These findings are of major relevance, because glucose uptake is assumed to be a promising target for cancer treatment.
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Poulsen C, Mehalick LA, Fischer CL, Lanzel EA, Bates AM, Walters KS, Cavanaugh JE, Guthmiller JM, Johnson GK, Wertz PW, Brogden KA. Differential cytotoxicity of long-chain bases for human oral gingival epithelial keratinocytes, oral fibroblasts, and dendritic cells. Toxicol Lett 2015; 237:21-9. [PMID: 26005054 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Long-chain bases are present in the oral cavity. Previously we determined that sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, and phytosphingosine have potent antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens. Here, we determined the cytotoxicities of long-chain bases for oral cells, an important step in considering their potential as antimicrobial agents for oral infections. This information would clearly help in establishing prophylactic or therapeutic doses. To assess this, human oral gingival epithelial (GE) keratinocytes, oral gingival fibroblasts (GF), and dendritic cells (DC) were exposed to 10.0-640.0 μM long-chain bases and glycerol monolaurate (GML). The effects of long-chain bases on cell metabolism (conversion of resazurin to resorufin), membrane permeability (uptake of propidium iodide or SYTOX-Green), release of cellular contents (LDH), and cell morphology (confocal microscopy) were all determined. GE keratinocytes were more resistant to long-chain bases as compared to GF and DC, which were more susceptible. For DC, 0.2-10.0 μM long-chain bases and GML were not cytotoxic; 40.0-80.0 μM long-chain bases, but not GML, were cytotoxic; and 80.0 μM long-chain bases induced cellular damage and death in less than 20 min. The LD50 of long-chain bases for GE keratinocytes, GF, and DC were considerably higher than their minimal inhibitory concentrations for oral pathogens, a finding important to pursuing their future potential in treating periodontal and oral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Poulsen
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Leslie A Mehalick
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Carol L Fischer
- Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Emily A Lanzel
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Amber M Bates
- Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Katherine S Walters
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Joseph E Cavanaugh
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Janet M Guthmiller
- College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 40th and Holdrege, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Georgia K Johnson
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Philip W Wertz
- Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kim A Brogden
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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