[Eye disease in international adoption: Importance of the region of origin]

INTRODUCTION

To describe the ophthalmological conditions seen in children adopted internationally by Spanish families, and to assess the influence of the world region of origin and the preadoption period of institutional care on these conditions.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 232 children divided into 4 groups according to world region of origin: Group 1, eastern Europe (n=95); Group 2, Asia (n=95); Group 3, Central and South America (n=26); and Group 4, Africa (n=16). A complete ophthalmological study was carried out and the groups were compared for the prevalence of ophthalmological conditions.

RESULTS

Among the total, 57.8% (134) of children presented ophthalmological abnormalities. The prevalence of ametropia was strongly correlated with the world region of origin, and was significantly higher in Group 3 (65.4%) compared to the remaining groups. Strabismus and optic nerve hypoplasia (15.8% and 3.2%, respectively) were more prevalent in Group 1. The preadoption institutional care period was longer in children in Groups 1 and 3 (24.5 and 27.7 months, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Children adopted from Central and South America had the highest prevalence of ametropia. Adopted children from eastern Europe showed a weak tendency to present strabismus and optic nerve hypoplasia. Adoptive parents, pediatricians and ophthalmologists should be aware of the high prevalence of ophthalmologic conditions in internationally adopted children and provide the means for a prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Prevalence of asymptomatic ocular conditions in subjects with refractive-based symptoms

BACKGROUND

This study aims to determine the overall prevalence of ocular conditions in a population from 19 to 64 years old, presenting with refractive-based symptoms only. Results could impact clinical standard of eye care on a similar population.

METHODS

This is a retrospective study on patients seen for an eye examination at the Clinique Universitaire de la Vision (CUV), between January 2007 and 2009. Files of individuals who presented with refractive symptoms were only selected and classified by file number. Then, every third file from the beginning was kept and reviewed by a reader. A second reader did the same with every third file from the end. Both readers were trained to use the same analysis grid to classify the diagnosed ocular conditions. In the case of multiple findings, the most severe condition was considered. The overall prevalence of ocular conditions was determined by calculating their occurrence divided by the number of files analyzed.

RESULTS

A total of 860 charts were analyzed. In 26.1% of the cases an ocular condition was diagnosed. This work establishes a higher prevalence of ocular conditions compared to another study conducted in Canada in the past. This difference can be explained by a different analytical methodology and by the fact that all examinations, in this study, were made under pupillary dilation.

CONCLUSION

The presence of ocular conditions in 26% of asymptomatic patients supports the need to assess ocular health under pupil dilation as part of any eye examination. However, further cost-to-benefit analysis is required before establishing such a recommendation.