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Caso G, Rizzo G, Migliore G, Vecchio R. Loss framing effect on reducing excessive red and processed meat consumption: Evidence from Italy. Meat Sci 2023; 199:109135. [PMID: 36796286 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
A reduction of meat consumption is crucial for addressing public health problems, especially in industrialized countries. Among low-cost interventions, emotionally provocative health-information strategies could be effective options in fostering meat reduction. Through an online experimental survey, administrated to a quota-based national sample (N = 1142), this study analysed the profile of Italians consuming red/processed meat above World Health Organization (WHO) recommended amounts. Via a between-subjects design, the research tested whether two health frame-nudges (societal impact and individual impact of over consumption) persuaded these individuals to reduce future meat consumption. Results showed that adhering to an omnivore diet, higher consumption of meat than peers, household size (larger) and positive moral perception of meat consumption increased the likelihood of overconsumption. In addition, both nudges proved to be effective in positively impacting future intentions to reduce meat consumption among individuals exceeding WHO recommended amounts. The two frame-nudges were more effective among females, respondents with children in the household and individuals with a low health status perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerarda Caso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 96, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Rizzo
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Building 4, Palermo 90128, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Migliore
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Building 4, Palermo 90128, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Vecchio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 96, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy.
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2
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Doley JR, McLean SA. Engagement with body image health promotion videos in adult men and women: differences between narrative, informational, and persuasive appeal approaches. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:86. [PMID: 36991488 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body dissatisfaction is a public health issue, however, low awareness of its seriousness, and stigma, may inhibit treatment seeking. The current study evaluated engagement with videos promoting awareness of body dissatisfaction using a persuasive communication approach. METHOD Men (n = 283) and women (n = 290) were randomly allocated to view one of five videos; (1) Narrative, (2) Narrative plus persuasive appeal, (3) Informational, (4) Informational plus persuasive appeal and (5) Persuasive appeal only. Engagement (relevance, interest, and compassion) was examined post-viewing. RESULTS Among both men and women, superior engagement ratings (in compassion for women, and relevance and compassion for men) were demonstrated for the persuasive appeal and informational videos relative to narrative approaches. CONCLUSION Videos using clear and factual approaches may promote engagement in body image health promotion videos. Further work should be done to examine interest in such videos specific to men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo R Doley
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia.
| | - Siân A McLean
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
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Stöcker A, Hoffmann J, Mause L, Neufeind J, Ohnhäuser T, Scholten N. What impact does the attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination have on physicians as vaccine providers? A cross sectional study from the German outpatient sector. Vaccine 2023; 41:263-273. [PMID: 36456389 PMCID: PMC9691451 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 vaccination is recognized as a key component in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. Physicians' attitudes toward vaccination are known to play a defining role in the management and dissemination of medical advice to patients. In Germany, outpatient practitioners are predominantly responsible for the dissemination of vaccines. METHOD Using a cross-sectional online survey, 932 outpatient general practitioners, gynecologists, and pediatricians in Germany were asked in fall, 2021, about their attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination and - among others - their communication in vaccine discussions, their assessment of vaccine safety, and reporting of suspected adverse events. Physicians were divided into two groups along their attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, multivariate linear regression models were constructed to assess differences in communication strategies. RESULTS 92 % of physicians had a positive or very positive attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination. Own vaccination status, practice-based vaccination delivery, and estimated vaccination coverage among patients were significantly associated with the attitude toward vaccination. Confidence in vaccine safety was significantly lower among physicians with negative attitudes. There were no differences between the two groups in self-assessment of the ability to detect suspected adverse events, but there were differences in the observing and reporting of adverse events. For the linear regression models, we found that a more negative attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination was significantly associated with increased acceptance of patient refusal of COVID-19 vaccination and empathic behavior for patient concerns. In contrast, willingness to engage in a detailed persuasion consultation was significantly lower. Pediatricians showed significantly higher empathy for patient-side concerns compared to general practitioners, whereas gynecologists showed less empathy than general practitioners. DISCUSSION The physician's attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination influences the physician's practices as a vaccine provider. However, when providing medical advice and healthcare, the physician should focus on the actual needs of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Stöcker
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Human Sciences & Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science, Germany,Corresponding author
| | - Jan Hoffmann
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Human Sciences & Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science, Germany
| | - Laura Mause
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Human Sciences & Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science, Germany
| | - Julia Neufeind
- Immunization Unit, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim Ohnhäuser
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Human Sciences & Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science, Germany
| | - Nadine Scholten
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Human Sciences & Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science, Germany
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Short CE, Crutzen R, Stewart EM, O'Rielly J, Dry M, Skuse A, Quester P, Rebar AL, Vandelanotte C, Duncan MJ, Vincent A. Exploring the Interplay Between Message Format, Need for Cognition and Personal Relevance on Processing Messages About Physical Activity: a Two-Arm Randomized Experimental Trial. Int J Behav Med 2022; 30:320-333. [PMID: 35689014 PMCID: PMC10167115 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, persuasion can occur via two different routes (the central route and peripheral route), with the route utilized dependent on factors associated with motivation and ability. This study aimed to explore the moderating role of need for cognition (NFC) and perceived relevance on the processing of physical activity messages designed to persuade via either the central route or the peripheral route. METHOD Participants (N = 50) were randomized to receive messages optimized for central route processing or messages optimized for peripheral route processing. Eye-tracking devices were used to assess attention, which was the primary outcome. Message perceptions and the extent of persuasion (changes in physical activity determinants) were also assessed via self-report as secondary outcomes. Moderator effects were examined using interaction terms within mixed effects models and linear regression models. RESULTS There were no detected interactions between condition and NFC for any of the study outcomes (all ps > .05). Main effects of personal relevance were observed for some self-report outcomes, with increased relevance associated with better processing outcomes. An interaction between need for cognition and personal relevance was observed for perceived behavioral control (p = 0.002); greater relevance was associated with greater perceived behavioral control for those with a higher need for cognition. CONCLUSION Matching physical activity messages based on NFC may not increase intervention efficacy. Relevance of materials is associated with greater change in physical activity determinants and may be more so among those with a higher NFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille E Short
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. .,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences and Melbourne School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Rik Crutzen
- Department of Health Promotion/CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Emma M Stewart
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jessica O'Rielly
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mathew Dry
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew Skuse
- Anthropology and Development Studies, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Pascale Quester
- Adelaide Business School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Amanda L Rebar
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia.,School of Medicine & Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Mitch J Duncan
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia.,School of Medicine & Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Vincent
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Gold N, Durlik C, Sanders JG, Thompson K, Chadborn T. Applying behavioural science to increase uptake of the NHS Health Check: a randomised controlled trial of gain- and loss-framed messaging in the national patient information leaflet. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1519. [PMID: 31727030 PMCID: PMC6854644 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The NHS Health Check (NHSHC) is a national programme for the prevention of non-communicable diseases. Patients aged 40-74 without an existing cardiovascular-related condition should be invited quinquennially. Uptake is lower than anticipated. We assessed the impact on uptake of two new behaviourally-enhanced leaflets (with the current national leaflet as a control), enclosed with the invitation letter: the first trial on the leaflet. METHODS A double-blind three-armed randomized controlled trial was conducted. The new leaflets were shorter (two pages, instead of four); one was loss-framed ('don't miss out') and the other was gain-framed ('make the most of life'). The participants were patients from 39 practices in Lewisham and 17 practices in NE Lincolnshire, who were allocated to interventions using a random-number generator and received one of the leaflets with their invitation letter from April-September 2018. The outcome measure was uptake of an NHSHC by November 2018. The trial was powered to detect a 2% effect. RESULTS Uptake was 17.6% in the control condition (n = 3677), 17.4% in the loss-framed condition (n = 3664), and 18.2% in the gain-framed condition (n = 3697). Leaflet type was not a significant predictor of NHSHC uptake in a logistic regression that controlled for demographic variables, with GP practice as a random effect. Statistically significant predictors of uptake included location (higher uptake in Lewisham), age (increased age was associated with increased attendance) and sex (higher uptake in females). The Bayes Factor comparing the null to a hypothesis of differences between conditions was 416, which is extreme evidence in favour of the null hypothesis. CONCLUSION There was no evidence for a meaningful effect of either a loss-framed or gain-framed behaviourally-informed leaflet type on uptake, which is surprising, given that behaviourally informed letters have improved uptake of NHSHCs. It is possible that people do not pay attention to leaflets that are enclosed with letters, or that the leaflet continues to support informed decision-making but this does not affect uptake. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03524131. Registered May 14, 2018. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Gold
- Public Health England, Wellington House, 133-155 Waterloo Rd, Lambeth, London, SE1 8UG, UK.
- Radcliffe Humanities, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK.
| | - Caroline Durlik
- Public Health England, Wellington House, 133-155 Waterloo Rd, Lambeth, London, SE1 8UG, UK
| | - Jet G Sanders
- Public Health England, Wellington House, 133-155 Waterloo Rd, Lambeth, London, SE1 8UG, UK
- Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton St, Holborn, London, WC2A 2AE, UK
| | - Katherine Thompson
- Public Health England, Wellington House, 133-155 Waterloo Rd, Lambeth, London, SE1 8UG, UK
| | - Tim Chadborn
- Public Health England, Wellington House, 133-155 Waterloo Rd, Lambeth, London, SE1 8UG, UK
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Santesso N, Glenton C, Dahm P, Garner P, Akl EA, Alper B, Brignardello-Petersen R, Carrasco-Labra A, De Beer H, Hultcrantz M, Kuijpers T, Meerpohl J, Morgan R, Mustafa R, Skoetz N, Sultan S, Wiysonge C, Guyatt G, Schünemann HJ. GRADE guidelines 26: informative statements to communicate the findings of systematic reviews of interventions. J Clin Epidemiol 2019; 119:126-135. [PMID: 31711912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clear communication of systematic review findings will help readers and decision makers. We built on previous work to develop an approach that improves the clarity of statements to convey findings and that draws on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted workshops including 80 attendants and a survey of 110 producers and users of systematic reviews. We calculated acceptability of statements and revised the wording of those that were unacceptable to ≥40% of participants. RESULTS Most participants agreed statements should be based on size of effect and certainty of evidence. Statements for low, moderate and high certainty evidence were acceptable to >60%. Key guidance, for example, includes statements for high, moderate and low certainty for a large effect on intervention x as: x results in a large reduction…; x likely results in a large reduction…; x may result in a large reduction…, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Producers and users of systematic reviews found statements to communicate findings combining size and certainty of an effect acceptable. This article provides GRADE guidance and a wording template to formulate statements in systematic reviews and other decision tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Santesso
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Cochrane Canada, MacGRADE Centre and Michael G. DeGroote Cochrane Canada Centre, McMaster University, 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Claire Glenton
- Cochrane Norway and the Informed Health Choices Research Centre, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Postboks 222 Skøyen, Sandakerveien 24C, inngang D11, 0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Philipp Dahm
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Urology Section 112D, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
| | - Paul Garner
- Centre for Evidence Synthesis in Global Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Elie A Akl
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Brian Alper
- EBSCO Health, Innovations and Evidence-Based Medicine Development, 10 Estes Street, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Romina Brignardello-Petersen
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Cochrane Canada, MacGRADE Centre and Michael G. DeGroote Cochrane Canada Centre, McMaster University, 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Alonso Carrasco-Labra
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Cochrane Canada, MacGRADE Centre and Michael G. DeGroote Cochrane Canada Centre, McMaster University, 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Hans De Beer
- Guide2Guidance, Lemelerberg 7, 3524 LC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Monica Hultcrantz
- Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU), S:t Eriksgatan 117, SE-102 33, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ton Kuijpers
- Department of Guideline Development and Research, Dutch College of General Practitioners (NHG), Mercatorlaan 1200, 3528, BL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joerg Meerpohl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Breisacher Strasse 153, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Morgan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Cochrane Canada, MacGRADE Centre and Michael G. DeGroote Cochrane Canada Centre, McMaster University, 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Reem Mustafa
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Cochrane Canada, MacGRADE Centre and Michael G. DeGroote Cochrane Canada Centre, McMaster University, 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS3002, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Nicole Skoetz
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shahnaz Sultan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 516 Delaware St. SE, 1st Floor, Phillips-Wangsteen Building, MMC 36, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Charles Wiysonge
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow Valley, 7501, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gordon Guyatt
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Cochrane Canada, MacGRADE Centre and Michael G. DeGroote Cochrane Canada Centre, McMaster University, 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280, Main St East, L8S 4L8, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Holger J Schünemann
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Cochrane Canada, MacGRADE Centre and Michael G. DeGroote Cochrane Canada Centre, McMaster University, 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280, Main St East, L8S 4L8, Hamilton, Canada
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7
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de Bruijn GJ. To frame or not to frame? Effects of message framing and risk priming on mouth rinse use and intention in an adult population-based sample. J Behav Med 2018; 42:300-314. [PMID: 30242597 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-018-9972-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Good dental hygiene is key to public health. To promote dental hygiene behaviours, persuasive messages are key. Message framing is a popular theory that has seen mixed evidence. In this web-based experimental study, interaction effects of message frame, behavioural function, and risk priming were investigated on mouth rinse use and intentions in a representative sample of Dutch adults. Final included sample contained 549 participants (50.1% male, mean age = 47.4, SD = 16.1) and outcomes were immediate mouth rinse product choice, intentions to use mouth rinse, and mouth rinse behaviour at 2-week follow-up. Results demonstrated a theorized significant interaction between message frame and behavioural function were mouth rinse product choice. Two-week follow-up mouth rinse behaviour was affected by an interaction between message frame and risk prime. Message framing can thus be employed to promote dental health, but it requires attention to moderation effects which are inconsistent across behavioural outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert-Jan de Bruijn
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research ASCoR, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 15804, 1001 NH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Schaper M, Schicktanz S. Medicine, market and communication: ethical considerations in regard to persuasive communication in direct-to-consumer genetic testing services. BMC Med Ethics 2018; 19:56. [PMID: 29871685 PMCID: PMC5989449 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-018-0292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Commercial genetic testing offered over the internet, known as direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC GT), currently is under ethical attack. A common critique aims at the limited validation of the tests as well as the risk of psycho-social stress or adaption of incorrect behavior by users triggered by misleading health information. Here, we examine in detail the specific role of advertising communication of DTC GT companies from a medical ethical perspective. Our argumentative analysis departs from the starting point that DTC GT operates at the intersection of two different contexts: medicine on the one hand and the market on the other. Both fields differ strongly with regard to their standards of communication practices and the underlying normative assumptions regarding autonomy and responsibility. METHODS Following a short review of the ethical contexts of medical and commercial communication, we provide case examples for persuasive messages of DTC GT websites and briefly analyze their design with a multi-modal approach to illustrate some of their problematic implications. RESULTS We observe three main aspects in DTC GT advertising communication: (1) the use of material suggesting medical professional legitimacy as a trust-establishing tool, (2) the suggestion of empowerment as a benefit of using DTC GT services and (3) the narrative of responsibility as a persuasive appeal to a moral self-conception. CONCLUSIONS While strengthening and respecting the autonomy of a patient is the focus in medical communication, specifically genetic counselling, persuasive communication is the normal mode in marketing of consumer goods, presuming an autonomous, rational, independent consumer. This creates tension in the context of DTC GT regarding the expectation and normative assessment of communication strategies. Our analysis can even the ground for a better understanding of ethical problems associated with intersections of medical and commercial communication and point to perspectives of analysis of DTC GT advertising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Schaper
- Department of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 36, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silke Schicktanz
- Department of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 36, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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de Koster W, Achterberg P. Comment on "Providing information promotes greater public support for potable recycled water" by Fielding, K.S. and Roiko, A.H., 2014 [Water Research 61, 86-96]. Water Res 2015; 84:372-374. [PMID: 26142075 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Fielding and Roiko found that information provision affects knowledge of and support for potable recycled water. However, recent cultural-sociological insights suggest that such effects are not universal. A re-analysis of the original data reveals the relevance of cultural predispositions: significant effects only exist in specific subgroups of the population. Only those who are comfortable with new technologies prove receptive to new information about potable recycled water. These findings are relevant for scholars aiming to uncover the mechanisms through which information affects public opinion, and for policymakers trying to overcome community resistance to alternative water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem de Koster
- Department of Sociology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter Achterberg
- Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, P.O. Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands.
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10
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Vosbergen S, Mulder-Wiggers JMR, Lacroix JP, Kemps HMC, Kraaijenhagen RA, Jaspers MWM, Peek N. Using personas to tailor educational messages to the preferences of coronary heart disease patients. J Biomed Inform 2014; 53:100-12. [PMID: 25239261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although tailoring health education messages to individual characteristics of patients has shown promising results, most patient education materials still take a one-size-fits-all approach. The aim of this study was to develop a method for tailoring health education messages to patients' preferences for various message features, using the concept of personas. This is a preliminary study focused on education for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. METHODS This study used a three-step approach. First, we created personas by (i) performing k-means cluster analysis on data from an online survey that assessed the preferences of 213 CHD patients for various message features and, (ii) creating a vivid description of the preferences per patient cluster in an iterative process with the research team. Second, we developed adaptation rules to tailor existing educational messages to the resulting personas. Third, we conducted a pilot validation by adapting nine existing educational messages to each of the personas. These messages and the resulting personas were then presented to a separate group of 38 CHD patients who visited the cardiology outpatient clinic. They were first asked to choose their most preferred, second most preferred, and least preferred persona. Subsequently, they were asked to rate three of the adapted messages; one for every of the persona choices. RESULTS We created five personas that pertained to five patient clusters. Personas varied mainly on preferences for medical or lay language, current or future temporal perspective, and including or excluding explicit health risks. Fifty-five different adaptation rules were developed, primarily describing adaptations to the message's perspective, level of detail, sentence structure, and terminology. Most participants in the validation study could identify with one of the five personas, although some of them found it hard to choose. On average, 68.5% of all participants rated the messages that matched their most preferred persona more positively than, or in the same way as, the messages that matched their least preferred persona. CONCLUSIONS The persona-based method developed in this study can be used to create a manageable set of patient-centered tailored messages, while additionally using the developed personas to assess patients' preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vosbergen
- Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - J M R Mulder-Wiggers
- Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J P Lacroix
- Department of Brain, Body & Behavior, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - H M C Kemps
- Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - M W M Jaspers
- Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Center for Human Factors Engineering of Health Information Technology (HIT Lab), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Peek
- Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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