1
|
van der Stouwe JG, Rossi VA, Ghidoni C, Würzburger L, Wiech P, Schweiger V, Petrasch G, Moser G, Schmied CM, Vontobel J, Caselli S, Niederseer D. Effect of a hypertensive response during exercise on growth rates of aortic diameters. Am J Hypertens 2024:hpae050. [PMID: 38693860 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic diameters are related to age, sex, and body size. There are a scarcity of data on the long-term sequelae of a hypertensive response to exercise (HRE) on aortic diameters. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the growth rates of the aorta in individuals with a HRE. METHODS Our analysis included follow-up data of 649 patients recruited between January 2009 and December 2014 with a HRE. Participants with known connective tissue disease or a history of acute aortic syndrome were excluded. Sinus of Valsalva (SoV) and ascending aorta (AscAo) diameters were measured by transthoracic echocardiography using leading edge to leading edge convention at end-diastole. RESULTS At baseline, median age, maximum systolic blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), diameter of the SoV, and AscAo were 62 years, 208 mmHg, 26.9 kg/m2, 35 mm, and 35 mm respectively. 32% of patients were female and 67% had hypertension. After a median follow-up of 7.1 years, mean yearly growth rates (±SD) of the SoV and AscAo were 0.09 (0.41) mm and 0.13 (0.56) mm respectively. No significant associations were observed between growth rates of aortic diameters and maximum systolic and diastolic BP or when considering only individuals with a baseline diameter > 40mm. CONCLUSION In this large cohort study, maximum systolic and diastolic BP during exercise showed no association with growth rates of aortic diameters. Furthermore, the mean growth rates of aortic diameters in this population were in line with growth rates in a normal population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gerrit van der Stouwe
- University Hospital Basel, Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valentina A Rossi
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Céline Ghidoni
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Würzburger
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Wiech
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victor Schweiger
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gloria Petrasch
- Hochgebirgsklinik, Medicine Campus Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Georg Moser
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jan Vontobel
- Hochgebirgsklinik, Medicine Campus Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Caselli
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Herzgefaesszentrum im Park, Hirslanden Klinik im Park, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Niederseer
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Hochgebirgsklinik, Medicine Campus Davos, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Medicine Campus Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nicholson M, Thompson C, Poulus D, Pavey T, Robergs R, Kelly V, McNulty C. Physical Activity and Self-Determination towards Exercise among Esports Athletes. Sports Med Open 2024; 10:40. [PMID: 38625433 PMCID: PMC11021385 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esports is competitive video gaming, performed within teams or individually, across multiple genres. Players are required to be sedentary for extended periods and require a high-level of cognitive skills for successful competitive performance. There are conflicting findings within the physical activity research in the esports industry. The aim of this research is to explore self-reported physical activity through accelerometer-assessed physical activity, to gain a better insight into the physical activity behaviours of international e'athletes. METHOD Participants (n = 796) across multiple popular esports games, holding any in-game rank, competing at any level, were recruited. The survey consisted of demographic details, esports experience, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form (IPAQ-LF), and Behavioural Regulations towards Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3). Within a convenience sample, local intervarsity e'athletes (n = 18) were recruited to wear a wrist-worn accelerometer to measure physical activity for 7-days and then complete the survey. Results from the accelerometers were compared to the survey results to explore physical activity reporting within this population. RESULTS When comparing IPAQ-LF to accelerometer data, players significantly over-report moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and weekly MET-min- 1 (p = .018, r = .63 and p ≤ .001, r = .92). The BREQ-3 showed that e'athletes categorised as high physical activity displayed significantly higher levels of intrinsic motivation, when compared to players categorised as low and moderate physical activity. CONCLUSIONS E'athletes significantly over report physical activity time when measured through the IPAQ-LF, suggesting previous surveys may overestimate physical activity and further research is needed. Given the exponential growth of the industry and the level of physical inactivity, esports may contribute to global physical inactivity levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Nicholson
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia.
| | - Courtney Thompson
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Health, Faculty of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dylan Poulus
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coolangatta, Queensland, Australia
- Manna Institute, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Toby Pavey
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rob Robergs
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vincent Kelly
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Craig McNulty
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Queiros VS, Rolnick N, Sabag A, Wilde P, Peçanha T, Aniceto RR, Rocha RFC, Delgado DZ, de Araújo Tinôco Cabral BG, Dantas PMS. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Exercise versus Continuous Low-Intensity Aerobic Exercise with Blood Flow Restriction on Psychophysiological Responses: A Randomized Crossover Study. J Sports Sci Med 2024; 23:114-125. [PMID: 38455431 PMCID: PMC10915608 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2024.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
This study compared the effect of continuous low-intensity aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction (LI-AE-BFR) versus high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), matching total external mechanical work between conditions, on perceptual (exertion, pain, affective and pleasure) and physiological responses (heart rate [HR], blood lactate [BL] and muscle fatigue). Ten healthy untrained men (25.6 ± 3.78 years old; 75.02 ± 12.02 kg; 172.2 ± 6.76 cm; 24.95 ± 3.16 kg/m²) completed three visits to the laboratory. In visit 1, anthropometry, blood pressure and peak running velocity on the treadmill were measured. In visits 2 and 3, participants were randomly assigned to HIIE or LI-AE-BFR, both in treadmill. HIIE consisted of 10 one-minute stimuli at 80% of peak running velocity interspersed with one-minute of passive recovery. LI-AE-BFR consisted of 20-minutes of continuous walking at 40% of peak running velocity with bilateral cuffs inflated to 50% of arterial occlusion pressure. BL and maximum isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC - fatigue measure) were measured pre- and immediately post-exercise. HR, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and rating of perceived pain (RPP) were recorded after each stimulus in HIIE and every two minutes in LI-AE-BFR. Affective response to the session, pleasure, and future intention to exercise (FIE) were assessed 10 minutes after the intervention ended. Increases in BL concentrations were greater in HIIE (p = 0.028; r = 0.51). No effects time or condition were reported for MIVC. HR was higher in HIIE at all analyzed time points (p < 0.001; d = 3.1 to 5.2). RPE did not differ between conditions (p > 0.05), while average session RPP was higher in LI-AE-BFR (p = 0.036; r = 0.46). Affective positive response (p = 0.019; d = 0.9) and FIE (p = 0.013; d = 0.97) were significantly higher in HIIE. Therefore, HIIE elicited higher physiological stress, positive affective response, and intention to engage in future exercise bouts compared to LI-AE-BFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor S de Queiros
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil
| | - Nicholas Rolnick
- The Human Performance Mechanic, CUNY Lehman College, New York, USA
| | - Angelo Sabag
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Phelipe Wilde
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil
| | - Thiago Peçanha
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Rodrigo Ramalho Aniceto
- Study and Research Group in Biomechanics and Psychophysiology of Exercise, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte, Currais Novos-RN, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Z Delgado
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Byrne JE, Rodriguez-Patarroyo FA, Mascha EJ, Han Y, Bravo M, Bloomfield MR, Rao SM, Sessler DI. Cooling vest improves surgeons' thermal comfort without affecting cognitive performance: a randomised cross-over trial. Occup Environ Med 2023; 80:339-345. [PMID: 37142418 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Surgeons become uncomfortable while performing surgery because heat transfer and evaporative cooling are restricted by insulating surgical gowns. Consequently, perceptions of thermal discomfort during surgery may impair cognitive performance. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate surgeons' thermal comfort, cognitive performance, core and mean skin temperatures, perceptions of sweat-soaked clothing, fatigue and exertion with and without a CoolSource cooling vest (Cardinal Health, Dublin, Ohio, USA). METHODS Thirty orthopaedic surgeons participated in a randomised cross-over trial, each performing four total-joint arthroplasties with randomisation to one of four treatment sequences. The effects of cooling versus no cooling were measured using a repeated-measures linear model accounting for within-subject correlations. RESULTS The cooling vest improved thermal comfort by a mean (95% CI) of -2.1 (-2.7 to -1.6) points on a 0-10 scale, p<0.001, with no evidence of treatment-by-period interaction (p=0.94). In contrast, cooling had no perceptible effect on cognition, with an estimated mean difference (95% CI) in Cleveland Clinic Cognitive Battery (C3B) Processing Speed Test score of 0.03 (95% CI -2.44 to 2.51), p=0.98, or in C3B Visual Memory Test score with difference of 0.88 (95% CI -2.25 to 4.01), p=0.57. Core temperature was not lower with the cooling vest, with mean difference (95% CI) of -0.13 (-0.33°C to 0.07°C), p=0.19, while mean skin temperature was lower, with mean difference of -0.23 (95% CI -0.40°C to -0.06°C) lower, p=0.011. The cooling vest significantly reduced surgeons' perceptions of sweat-soaked clothing, fatigue and exertion. CONCLUSIONS A cooling vest worn during surgery lowered core and skin temperatures, improved thermal comfort, and decreased perceptions of sweating and fatigue, but did not improve cognition. Thermal discomfort during major orthopaedic surgery is thus largely preventable, but cooling does not affect cognition. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04511208.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill E Byrne
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Edward J Mascha
- Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yanyan Han
- Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mauro Bravo
- Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Stephen M Rao
- Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Senécal I, Howarth SJ, Wells GD, Raymond I, Mior S. The Impact of Moderate and High Intensity Cardiovascular Exertion on Sub-Elite Soccer Referee's Cognitive Performance: A Lab-Based Study. J Sports Sci Med 2021; 20:618-625. [PMID: 35321134 PMCID: PMC8488827 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2021.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soccer referees represent a specialized population who are required to perform decisional or perceptual tasks during physical exertion. Recent studies have demonstrated that submaximal acute exercise has a positive impact on cognitive performance. However, less is known about the impact of more strenuous exertion on cognitive performance. This study assessed the effect of moderate and maximal intensity exercise exertion on a cognitive performance in sub-elite soccer referees. Twelve experienced soccer referees (4 female, 8 male) were recruited. Data were collected on 2 separate days. Baseline fitness level was assessed by a standardized aerobic capacity test (VO2max Test) on Day 1, along with practice trials of the Stroop Color Word Test (Stroop Test) for evaluating cognitive performance. On Day 2, cognitive performance was assessed before, during, and after an incremental intensity exercise protocol based on the Fédération International de Football Association (FIFA) referee fitness test. Relative to results obtained at rest performance on the Stroop Test improved at moderate exertion and at maximal exertion during the modified FIFA fitness test (F = 18.97, p = .005). Mean time to completion (in seconds) of the interference Stroop task significantly improved (p < .05) between rest and moderate exertion [-3.0 ± 3.0 seconds] and between rest and maximal exertion [-4.8 ± 2.6 seconds]. In summary, we observed that cognitive performance was found to improve when sub-elite soccer referees performed moderate and maximal exercise relative to results obtained at rest. It is possible that referees focus their attention to improve goal-oriented processing in the brain during physical exertion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Senécal
- Division of Research and Innovation, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Canada
| | - Samuel J Howarth
- Division of Research and Innovation, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Canada
| | - Greg D Wells
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, The University of Toronto & Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | | | - Silvano Mior
- Division of Research and Innovation, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
- Shana E. Gleeson
- Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Richard N. Formica
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ethan P. Marin
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Glaser J, Lemery J, Rajagopalan B, Diaz HF, García-Trabanino R, Taduri G, Madero M, Amarasinghe M, Abraham G, Anutrakulchai S, Jha V, Stenvinkel P, Roncal-Jimenez C, Lanaspa MA, Correa-Rotter R, Sheikh-Hamad D, Burdmann EA, Andres-Hernando A, Milagres T, Weiss I, Kanbay M, Wesseling C, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Johnson RJ. Climate Change and the Emergent Epidemic of CKD from Heat Stress in Rural Communities: The Case for Heat Stress Nephropathy. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 11:1472-1483. [PMID: 27151892 PMCID: PMC4974898 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.13841215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Climate change has led to significant rise of 0.8°C-0.9°C in global mean temperature over the last century and has been linked with significant increases in the frequency and severity of heat waves (extreme heat events). Climate change has also been increasingly connected to detrimental human health. One of the consequences of climate-related extreme heat exposure is dehydration and volume loss, leading to acute mortality from exacerbations of pre-existing chronic disease, as well as from outright heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Recent studies have also shown that recurrent heat exposure with physical exertion and inadequate hydration can lead to CKD that is distinct from that caused by diabetes, hypertension, or GN. Epidemics of CKD consistent with heat stress nephropathy are now occurring across the world. Here, we describe this disease, discuss the locations where it appears to be manifesting, link it with increasing temperatures, and discuss ongoing attempts to prevent the disease. Heat stress nephropathy may represent one of the first epidemics due to global warming. Government, industry, and health policy makers in the impacted regions should place greater emphasis on occupational and community interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Glaser
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are provided in the Supplemental Material
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rhie J, Lee HE. Physical Activity and Blood Lead Concentration in Korea: Study Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2013). J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:852-8. [PMID: 27247492 PMCID: PMC4853662 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.6.852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity normally has a positive influence on health, however it can be detrimental in the presence of air pollution. Lead, a heavy metal with established adverse health effects, is a major air pollutant. We evaluated the correlation between blood lead concentration and physical activity using data collected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed after dividing participants according to whether they were in the top 25% in the distribution of blood lead concentration (i.e., ≥ 2.76 µg/dL), with physical activity level as an independent variable and adjusting for factors such as age, sex, drinking, smoking, body mass index, region, and occupation. The high physical activity group had greater odds of having a blood lead concentration higher than 2.76 µg/dL (odds ratio 1.29, 95% CI 1.11-1.51) compared to the low physical activity group. Furthermore, blood lead concentration is correlated with increasing physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongbae Rhie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Al-Alawi AM, Janardan J, Peck KY, Soward A. Acute Anteroseptal Myocardial Infarction after a Negative Exercise Stress Test. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2016; 16:e238-41. [PMID: 27226918 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2016.16.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A myocardial infarction is a rare complication which can occur after an exercise stress test. We report a 48-year-old male who was referred to the Mildura Cardiology Practice, Victoria, Australia, in August 2014 with left-sided chest pain. He underwent an exercise stress test which was negative for myocardial ischaemia. However, the patient presented to the Emergency Department of the Mildura Base Hospital 30 minutes after the test with severe retrosternal chest pain. An acute anteroseptal ST segment elevation myocardial infarction was observed on electrocardiography. After thrombolysis, he was transferred to a tertiary hospital where coronary angiography subsequently revealed significant left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis. Thrombus aspiration and a balloon angioplasty were performed. The patient was discharged three days after the surgical procedure in good health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M Al-Alawi
- Department of Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;; Department of Medicine, Mildura Cardiology Practice, Mildura, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Janardan
- Department of Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;; Department of Medicine, Mildura Cardiology Practice, Mildura, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kah Y Peck
- Department of Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;; Department of Medicine, Mildura Cardiology Practice, Mildura, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alan Soward
- Department of Medicine, Mildura Cardiology Practice, Mildura, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|