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Hou S, Zhao T, Yang D, Li Q, Liang L, Wang G, Ma Q. Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for Quantitative RT-PCR Analysis in Corylus heterophylla Fisch. × Corylus avellana L. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10010159. [PMID: 33467497 PMCID: PMC7830083 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: the species of Corylus have sporophytic type of self-incompatibility. Several genes related to recognition reaction between pollen and stigma have been identified in hazelnuts. To better understand the self-incompatibility (SI) response, we screened the suitable reference genes by using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis in hazelnut for the first time. (2) Methods: the major cultivar "Dawei" was used as material. A total of 12 candidate genes were identified and their expression profiles were compared among different tissues and in response to various treatments (different times after self- and cross-pollination) by RT-qPCR. The expression stability of these 12 candidate reference genes was evaluated using geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, Delta Ct, and RefFinder programs. (3) Results: the comprehensive ranking of RefFinder indicated that ChaActin, VvActin,
ChaUBQ14, and ChaEF1-α were the most suitable reference genes. According to the stability analysis of 12 candidate reference genes for each sample group based on four software packages, ChaActin and ChaEF1-α were most stable in different times after self-pollination and 4 h after self- and cross-pollination, respectively. To further validate the suitability of the reference genes identified in this study, CavPrx, which the expression profiles in Corylus have been reported, was quantified by using ChaActin and ChaEF1-α as reference genes. (4) Conclusions: our study of reference genes selection in hazelnut shows that the two reference genes, ChaActin and ChaEF1-α, are suitable for the evaluation of gene expression, and can be used for the analysis of pollen-pistil interaction in Corylus. The results supply a reliable foundation for accurate gene quantifications in Corylus species, which will facilitate the studies related to the reproductive biology in Corylus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.H.); (T.Z.); (D.Y.); (Q.L.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Hazelnut Industry Innovation Alliance of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.H.); (T.Z.); (D.Y.); (Q.L.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Hazelnut Industry Innovation Alliance of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.H.); (T.Z.); (D.Y.); (Q.L.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Hazelnut Industry Innovation Alliance of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.H.); (T.Z.); (D.Y.); (Q.L.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Hazelnut Industry Innovation Alliance of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Lisong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.H.); (T.Z.); (D.Y.); (Q.L.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Hazelnut Industry Innovation Alliance of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Guixi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.H.); (T.Z.); (D.Y.); (Q.L.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Hazelnut Industry Innovation Alliance of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qinghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.H.); (T.Z.); (D.Y.); (Q.L.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Hazelnut Industry Innovation Alliance of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1381-139-0689
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