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Shi TQ, Yang CL, Li DX, Wang YT, Nie ZK. Establishment of a selectable marker recycling system for iterative gene editing in Fusarium fujikuroi. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 9:159-164. [PMID: 38333054 PMCID: PMC10850856 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Gibberellic acid (GA3) is a vital plant growth hormone widely used in agriculture. Currently, GA3 production relies on liquid fermentation by the filamentous fungus Fusarium fujikuroi. However, the lack of an effective selection marker recycling system hampers the application of metabolic engineering technology in F. fujikuroi, as multiple-gene editing and positive-strain screening still rely on a limited number of antibiotics. In this study, we developed a strategy using pyr4-blaster and CRISPR/Cas9 tools for recycling orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase (Pyr4) selection markers. We demonstrated the effectiveness of this method for iterative gene integration and large gene-cluster deletion. We also successfully improved GA3 titers by overexpressing geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase and truncated 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase, which rewired the GA3 biosynthesis pathway. These results highlight the efficiency of our established system in recycling selection markers during iterative gene editing events. Moreover, the selection marker recycling system lays the foundation for further research on metabolic engineering for GA3 industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Qiong Shi
- Jiangxi New Reyphon Biochemical Co., Ltd, Salt & Chemical Industry, Xingan, Jiangxi, 331399, People’s Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cai-Ling Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-Xun Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue-Tong Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Kui Nie
- Jiangxi New Reyphon Biochemical Co., Ltd, Salt & Chemical Industry, Xingan, Jiangxi, 331399, People’s Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China
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Lin C, Xin Z, Yuan S, Sun J, Dong B, Xu Z. Effects of production temperature on the molecular composition and seed-germination-promoting properties of sludge-based hydrochar-derived dissolved organic matter. Water Res 2024; 251:121133. [PMID: 38237463 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Sludge hydrothermal carbonization demonstrates potential for converting sludge into multifunctional carbon materials for soil remediation. However, the influence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with unclear molecular characteristics in sludge-based hydrothermal carbon on plant growth has not been sufficiently investigated. Herein, the effects of hydrothermal temperature on the molecular transformation pathways and plant-growth-promoting properties of DOM were investigated via FT-ICR MS-based molecular network analyses and seed germination experiments. Results indicated that the highest DOM yield was achieved at 220 °C. During low-temperature (180 °C) hydrothermal treatment, the hydrolysis of biopolymers, as well as the partial condensation and cyclization of small-molecule intermediates, occurred in the sludge. This process produced unsaturated CHNO compounds containing one or two N atoms, which promoted seed germination. Further, the toxicity of DOM to plants increased with rising hydrothermal temperature. This was accompanied by S doping and aromatization reactions, which mitigated the effects of plant growth hormones. This study provides theoretical support for the optimization of sludge hydrothermal treatment and production of plant growth hormones, enhancing the ecological value of sludge-based hydrochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjin Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenhua Xin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shijie Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Bin Dong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China.
| | - Zuxin Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
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Li YW, Yang CL, Peng H, Nie ZK, Shi TQ, Huang H. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Mutagenesis combined with fermentation optimization to enhance gibberellic acid GA3 yield in Fusarium fujikuroi. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:106. [PMID: 38647889 PMCID: PMC10991607 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Gibberellic acid (GA3) is a plant growth hormone that plays an important role in the production of crops, fruits, and vegetables with a wide market share. Due to intrinsic advantages, liquid fermentation of Fusarium fujikuroi has become the sole method for industrial GA3 production, but the broader application of GA3 is hindered by low titer. In this study, we combined atmospheric and room-temperature plasma (ARTP) with ketoconazole-based screening to obtain the mutant strain 3-6-1 with high yield of GA3. Subsequently, the medium composition and fermentation parameters were systematically optimized to increase the titer of GA3, resulting in a 2.5-fold increase compared with the titer obtained under the initial conditions. Finally, considering that the strain is prone to substrate inhibition and glucose repression, a new strategy of fed-batch fermentation was adopted to increase the titer of GA3 to 575.13 mg/L, which was 13.86% higher than the control. The strategy of random mutagenesis combined with selection and fermentation optimization developed in this study provides a basis for subsequent research on the industrial production of GA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Ling Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Peng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Kui Nie
- Jiangxi New Reyphon Biochemical Co., Ltd., Salt and Chemical Industry, Xingan, China
| | - Tian-Qiong Shi
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
In the 1930s, Frits Warmolt Went conducted a number of seminal studies on pea seedlings that had been germinated in the dark and assessed their growth when either the apical parts, cotyledons, or roots were cut off or grafted, to assess whether coplant growth factors assisted auxin in the development of these organs. Went assigned the term "calines" to all auxin-assisting substances, specifically rhizocaline, caulocaline, and phyllocaline in root, shoot (and axillary buds) and leaf development, respectively. Those experiments were based exclusively on growth assays, and no supplementary biochemical or physiological analyses were ever conducted, and additional proof was only provided by Went using pea or tomato. The lack of independent reproducibility by other groups, combined with the fact that the hormonal control of these developmental events in plants is now fairly well-studied event, even at the molecular level, suggests that these growth factors that Went observed 80 years ago either do not exist or are known by some other term in modern plant development. The terms related to "calines" should thus no longer be used in plant developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhityo Wicaksono
- Division of Biotechnology, Generasi Biologi Indonesia (Genbinesia) Foundation, Jl. Swadaya Barat No. 4, Gresik Regency, 61171, Indonesia.
| | - Judit Dobránszki
- Research Institute of Nyíregyháza, IAREF, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 12, Nyíregyháza, 4400, Hungary.
| | - Jaime A Teixeira da Silva
- Research Institute of Nyíregyháza, IAREF, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 12, Nyíregyháza, 4400, Hungary. .,Independent Researcher, Kagawa-ken, Japan.
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Camara MC, Vandenberghe LPS, Sextos GC, Tanobe VOA, Magalhães Junior AI, Soccol CR. Alternative methods for gibberellic acid production, recovery and formulation: A case study for product cost reduction. Bioresour Technol 2020; 309:123295. [PMID: 32299050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a new production, recovery and formulation process of gibberellic acid (GA3). Low-cost byproducts - citrus pulp (CP) and soybean hulls (SH) - were employed as substrate for GA3 production by Gibberella fujikuroi in semisolid fermentation. A CP/SH mixture (70%/30%) promoted high productivities both in bubble column reactor (1.66 mg L/h), and in stirred tank reactor (2.13 mg L/h). GA3 production medium cost (US$ 6.70/m3) was reduced by 85% when compared to previously reported synthetic media (US$ 44.96/m3). It was described that GA3 fermented extract has low stability, and that liquid and powder formulation of the fermented extract maintained the biomolecule activity over 6 months. Alginate and alginate/kefiran beads containing GA3 showed encapsulation efficiency of 70% and 60%, respectively. This work supports good perspectives for GA3 production using cheap substrates and simple formulation of clarified extract to favour its use in agricultural countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela C Camara
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luciana P S Vandenberghe
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Gabrielle C Sextos
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Valcineide O A Tanobe
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Antonio I Magalhães Junior
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Soccol
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Uji T, Gondaira Y, Fukuda S, Mizuta H, Saga N. Characterization and expression profiles of small heat shock proteins in the marine red alga Pyropia yezoensis. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:223-233. [PMID: 30632066 PMCID: PMC6363611 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-00959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are found in all three domains of life (Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya) and play a critical role in protecting organisms from a range of environmental stresses. However, little is known about their physiological functions in red algae. Therefore, we characterized the sHSPs (PysHSPs) in the red macroalga Pyropia yezoensis, which inhabits the upper intertidal zone where it experiences fluctuating stressful environmental conditions on a daily and seasonal basis, and examined their expression profiles at different developmental stages and under varying environmental conditions. We identified five PysHSPs (PysHSP18.8, 19.1, 19.2, 19.5, and 25.8). Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that expression of the genes PysHSP18.8, PysHSP19.5, and PysHSP25.8 was repressed at all the developmental stages under normal conditions, whereas PysHSP19.1 and PysHSP19.2 were overexpressed in mature gametophytes and sporophytes. Exposure of the gametophytes to high temperature, oxidative stress, or copper significantly increased the mRNA transcript levels of all the five genes, while exogenous application of the ethylene precursor 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) significantly increased the expression levels of PysHSP19.2, PysHSP19.5, and PysHSP25.8. These findings will help to further our understanding of the role of PysHSP genes and provide clues about how Pyropia species can adapt to the stressful conditions encountered in the upper intertidal zone during their life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Uji
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Yohei Gondaira
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Satoru Fukuda
- Section of Food Sciences, Institute for Regional Innovation, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Aomori, 038-0012, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuta
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Naotsune Saga
- Section of Food Sciences, Institute for Regional Innovation, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Aomori, 038-0012, Japan
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