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Gong J, Xu L, Yu H, Qiu F, Zhang Z, Yin Y, Ma H, Cai Z, Zhong J, Ding W, Cao C. Increased postoperative complications after laparoscopic gastrectomy in patients with preserved ratio impaired spirometry. J Gastrointest Surg 2024:S1091-255X(24)00376-7. [PMID: 38513947 DOI: 10.1016/j.gassur.2024.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), defined as decreased forced expiratory volume in the first second in the setting of normal ratio, is associated with an increased risk of respiratory disease and systemic comorbidities. Unlike severe obstructive pulmonary disease, little is known about the impact of PRISm on short-term outcomes in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) and its association with small airway dysfunction (SAD). METHODS This study enrolled 830 patients who underwent preoperative spirometry and LG between January 2021 and August 2023. Of these, 228 patients were excluded. Participants were categorized into 3 groups based on their baseline lung function, and postoperative outcomes were subsequently analyzed. Potential associations between postoperative outcomes and various clinical variables were examined using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS PRISm was identified in 16.6% of the patients, whereas SAD was present in 20.4%. The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) was notably higher in the SAD group (20.3% vs 9.8%, P = .002) and the PRISm group (28.0% vs 9.8%, P < .001) than the normal group. Among the 3 groups, pneumonia was the most frequently observed PPC. Multivariate analysis revealed that both SAD (odds ratio [OR], 2.34; 95% CI, 1.30-4.22; P = .005) and PRISm (OR, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.80-5.90; P < .001) independently constituted significant risk factors associated with the occurrence of PPCs. Univariate analysis showed that female was a possible risk factor for PPCs in PRISm group. CONCLUSION Our study showed that PRISm and SAD were associated with the increased PPCs in patients undergoing LG for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Linbin Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongfang Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hongying Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zejun Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jingjing Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chao Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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Zhang Y, Peng J, Liu L, Cui H, Zang D, Wu Z, Guo D, Liu X, Lu F, Yang J. Prevalence, characteristics and significant predictors for cardiovascular disease of patients with preserved ratio impaired spirometry: A 10-year prospective cohort study in China. Respir Med 2024; 222:107523. [PMID: 38171404 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Patients with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRIsm) have higher incidence rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies focused on PRIsm in China. We determined the prevalence and characteristics of patients with PRIsm in Chinese population. We also aimed to investigate the significant predictive factors of CVD in PRIsm patients. METHODS In total, 6994 subjects aged from 35 to 70 years old and free of CVD at baseline were categorized into normal (n = 3895), PRIsm (the ratio of forced expired volume in the first second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥0.7 and FEV1 <80 % predicted; n = 1997) and obstructive spirometry (FEV1:FVC<0.7; n = 1102). Cox proportional hazards multivariable regression was performed to investigate how baseline characteristics impact CVD incidence. RESULTS In participants with PRIsm, men had a 0.68-fold higher risk of CVD incidence than women (HR, 1.68; 95%CI, 1.09-2.59; p = 0.020). Our study showed that the rate of CVD incidence increased by 6.0 % with every year's increase in age (HR, 1.06; 95%CI, 1.04-1.09; p < 0.001). A 0.1 increase in FEV1/FVC was significantly associated with a 23.0 % decrease in CVD incidence (HR, 0.77; 95%CI, 0.61-0.97; p = 0.028). Family history of CVD greatly increased the risk of cardiovascular disease incidence (HR, 1.83; 95%CI, 1.18-2.83; p = 0.007). Higher BMI was also a significant risk factor of CVD incidence (HR, 1.06; 95%CI, 1.01-1.10; p = 0.013). CONCLUSION The prevalence of PRIsm in China was high. PRIsm subjects should be monitored carefully, especially for the older, male, those with higher BMI, lower FEV1/FVC and family history of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Li Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huiliang Cui
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dejin Zang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenguo Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dachuan Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Cardiology, People Hospital of Huantai County, Zibo, China
| | - Fanghong Lu
- Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Sharma M, Joshi S, Banjade P, Ghamande SA, Surani S. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2023 Guidelines Reviewed. Open Respir Med J 2024; 18:e18743064279064. [PMID: 38660684 PMCID: PMC11037508 DOI: 10.2174/0118743064279064231227070344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) report is an essential resource for all clinicians who strive to provide optimal care to patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). The annual report of GOLD makes few revisions and updates besides including data from the preceding year. At an interval, GOLD comes up with a significant modification in its guidelines, which is generally a major overhaul of the pre-existing guidelines. According to the latest 2023 updates, published in November 2022, there have been significant advancements made in the field of COPD. These include the development of more precise definitions for COPD and its exacerbations, the introduction of a new set of parameters to measure exacerbation severity, and updating the COPD assessment tool. Additionally, revisions have been made to the initial and follow-up treatment guidelines. The report also simplifies the treatment algorithm and sheds light on new findings that suggest the use of pharmacological triple therapy can reduce mortality rates. Furthermore, the report includes discussions on inhaler device selection and adherence to COPD medications. These improvements demonstrate a continued effort to enhance COPD treatment and management. Although there are some areas that could benefit from more detailed guidance and explanation, such as the proper utilization of blood eosinophil counts for treatment decisions, and the establishment of treatment protocols post-hospitalization, the latest modifications to the GOLD recommendations will undoubtedly aid healthcare providers in addressing any gaps in patient care. We aim to highlight key changes in the GOLD 2023 report and present a viewpoint about their potential implications in a real-world clinical scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munish Sharma
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Sushil Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Mantra Hospital and Research Center, Kanchanpur, Nepal. Nepalese Army Institute of Health Science, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Prakash Banjade
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Temple, Texas
| | - Shekhar A Ghamande
- Adjunct Clinical Professor of Medicine, Texas A and M University, Texas, United States
| | - Salim Surani
- Adjunct Clinical Professor of Medicine, Texas A and M University, Texas, United States
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Marott JL, Ingebrigtsen TS, Çolak Y, Kankaanranta H, Bakke PS, Vestbo J, Nordestgaard BG, Lange P. Impact of the metabolic syndrome on cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality in individuals with lung function impairment: a prospective cohort study of the Danish general population. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2023; 35:100759. [PMID: 38023334 PMCID: PMC10652137 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Whether the metabolic syndrome plays a role for the prognosis of individuals with lung function impairment (preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) or airflow limitation) is unclear. We hypothesised that the metabolic syndrome in individuals with lung function impairment is associated with increased cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. Methods The Copenhagen General Population Study was initiated in 2003 based on a random sample of white men and women aged 20-100 years drawn from the Danish general population. The risk of ischemic heart disease/heart failure, respiratory disease, and all-cause mortality was analysed with Cox models adjusted for age, sex, current smoking, and asthma during 15 years of follow-up. Findings Among 106,845 adults, 86,159 had normal lung function, 6126 had PRISm, and 14,560 had airflow limitation. We observed 10,448 hospital admissions for ischemic heart disease/heart failure, 21,140 for respiratory disease, and 11,125 deaths. Individuals with versus individuals without the metabolic syndrome generally had higher 5-year absolute risk of all outcomes, including within those with normal lung function, mild-moderate-severe PRISm, and very mild-mild-moderate-severe airflow limitation alike. Compared to individuals without the metabolic syndrome and with normal lung function, those with both the metabolic syndrome and severe PRISm had hazard ratios of 3.74 (95% CI: 2.53-5.55; p < 0.0001) for ischemic heart disease/heart failure, 5.02 (3.85-6.55; p < 0.0001) for respiratory disease, and 5.32 (3.76-7.54; p < 0.0001) for all-cause mortality. Corresponding hazard ratios in those with both the metabolic syndrome and severe airflow limitation were 2.89 (2.34-3.58; p < 0.0001) for ischemic heart disease/heart failure, 5.98 (5.28-6.78; p < 0.0001) for respiratory disease, and 4.16 (3.50-4.95; p < 0.0001) for all-cause mortality, respectively. The metabolic syndrome explained 13% and 27% of the influence of PRISm or airflow limitation on ischemic heart disease/heart failure and all-cause mortality. Interpretation The metabolic syndrome conferred increased risk of cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality at all levels of lung function impairment. Funding Danish Lung Foundation, Danish Heart Foundation, Capital Region of Copenhagen, and Boehringer Ingelheim. JV is supported by the NIHR Manchester BRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Louis Marott
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Truls Sylvan Ingebrigtsen
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yunus Çolak
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Section, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Hannu Kankaanranta
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Jørgen Vestbo
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- North West Lung Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Børge Grønne Nordestgaard
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Lange
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Section, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Chen C, Zhang S, Yang T, Wang C, Han G. Associations between environmental heavy metals exposure and preserved ratio impaired spirometry in the U.S. adults. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2023; 30:108274-108287. [PMID: 37749472 PMCID: PMC10611825 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
We examined 9556 individuals aged 18 to 79 years who had information on spirometry testing and heavy metals and used multivariable logistic or linear regression to evaluate associations between serum levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury and PRISm and lung function in U.S. adults, which were conducted first in all participants, and then separately in never/former smokers and current smokers. The overall prevalence of PRISm was 7.02%. High levels of serum cadmium were significantly associated with PRISm in all individuals, no matter in never/former smokers (quartile 4 vs 1, the OR = 2.517, 95% CI = 1.376-4.604, p-trend = 0.0077) and current smokers (quartile 4 vs 1, the OR = 2.201, 95% CI = 1.265-3.830, p-trend = 0.0020). Serum lead and mercury were not significantly correlated with PRISm, regardless of smoking status. Serum cadmium was strongly correlated with lower FEV1/FVC, regardless of smoking status. Besides, serum cadmium was also significantly related to lower FVC % predicted in never/former smokers and lower FEV1% predicted in current smokers. Serum lead was strongly correlated with lower FVC % predicted and FEV1/FVC in all individuals and never/former smokers. And serum mercury was significantly associated with decrements in FVC % predicted in all individuals and current smokers. These findings demonstrate that serum cadmium is associated with a higher risk of PRISm and lower lung function, with the most significant effect on FEV1/FVC in particular. Our results also indicate that exposure to lead and mercury negatively affects lung function in never/former smokers and current smokers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunan Zhang
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yang
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen Wang
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiling Han
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
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Tasch J, Abujaber S, Hattar L, Jose A, Price LL, LaCamera P, Avella H. Clinical Manifestations of Subjects With the Non-Specific Pulmonary Function Test Pattern. Open Respir Arch 2023; 5:100253. [PMID: 37810424 PMCID: PMC10556774 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2023.100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-specific pattern (NSP) is a subgroup of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) that requires a normal total lung capacity measurement. NSP has been historically classified as being an obstructive lung disease pattern. There has been heightened interest and investigation into PRISm recently as it has been associated with an increased likelihood of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Given the inherent challenges of understanding the clinical significance of the NSP, the aim of this study was to further explore the clinical characteristics of patients with this pulmonary function test pattern. Material and methods We identified 111 and 79 subjects using pre-bronchodilator (pre-BD) and post-bronchodilator (post-BD) values, respectively, that met criteria for NSP. The outpatient medical records were retrospectively reviewed for associated diagnoses that were then clustered into 'obstructive' or 'non-obstructive' groups based on the treating physician's primary pulmonary clinical diagnosis. Results Within this NSP cohort, cough, wheezing and sputum production were documented more frequently in those with an obstructive lung disease diagnosis. Whether identified using pre-BD or post-BD spirometric values, those with NSP and a positive BD response were more likely to carry an obstructive lung disease diagnosis. Conclusion Approximately one third of patients with NSP in this study were not given an obstructive lung disease diagnosis by their clinician, which supports the classification of NSP as not an exclusively obstructive lung disease pattern. However, the presence of supporting clinical symptoms, such as cough with sputum production and wheeze, and/or a positive BD response on PFT, support a diagnosis of obstruction in patients with NSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Tasch
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Samer Abujaber
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Laith Hattar
- Department of Medicine, Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aju Jose
- Department of Medicine, Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lori Lyn Price
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter LaCamera
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hernan Avella
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
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Li D, Ruan Z, Xie S, Xuan S, Zhao H, Wu B. The relationship between preserved ratio impaired spirometry and mortality in the myocardial infarction survivors: a population-based cohort study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:331. [PMID: 37386454 PMCID: PMC10311719 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03352-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) is a subtype of pulmonary function abnormality which is characterized by a proportional reduction in non-obstructive expiratory lung volume. Currently, no studies have shown a relationship between PRISm and mortality in myocardial infarction (MI) survivors. METHODS We used cohort data from U.S. adults who attended the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2012. According to the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC), we divided lung function into normal spirometry (FEV1/ FVC) ≥ 70%, FEV1 ≥ 80%), PRISm (FEV1/FVC ≥ 70%, FEV1 < 80%) and obstructive spirometry (FEV1/FVC < 70%). Cox regression was used to estimate the correlation between lung functions and mortality among MI patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curves compared the prognosis of MI with three different lung functions. We further verify the stability of the results by sensitivity analysis. RESULTS 411 subjects were included in our research. The mean follow-up time for the study was 105 months. Compared with normal spirometry, PRISm was significantly correlated with a greater relative risk for all-cause mortality (adjust HR 3.41, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.76-6.60, P < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (adjust HR 13.9, 95%CI: 2.60-74.6, P = 0.002). PRISm remains more correlated with all-cause mortality (adjust HR 2.73, 95%CI: 1.28-5.83, P = 0.009) relative to obstructive spirometry. The results are basically stable after sensitivity analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with PRISm tended to have the lowest survival during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION PRISm is an independent risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in MI survivors. The presence of PRISm was associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with obstructive spirometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- The First Clinical College, Shandong Chinese Medical University, Ji Nan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhishen Ruan
- The First Clinical College, Shandong Chinese Medical University, Ji Nan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Xie
- The First Clinical College, Shandong Chinese Medical University, Ji Nan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunchao Xuan
- The First Clinical College, Shandong Chinese Medical University, Ji Nan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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Sin S, Lee EJ, Won S, Kim WJ. Longitudinal mortality of preserved ratio impaired spirometry in a middle-aged Asian cohort. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:155. [PMID: 37138264 PMCID: PMC10157957 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) has been determined to have poor prognosis, it is a heterogeneous state, and studies regarding its prognosis in Asians are limited. This study investigated the long-term all-cause and cardiovascular mortality of patients with PRISm compared with those of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and normal individuals in the Korean middle-aged general population. METHODS Participants were recruited between 2001 and 2002 from a community-based prospective cohort in South Korea. Mortality data were collected over a 16.5-year mean follow-up period. The all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risks of PRISm were compared between patients with COPD and healthy controls. RESULTS The PRISm group had a mean age of 53.4 years and mean body mass index of 24.9 kg/m2; furthermore, 55.2% of the PRISm patients had never smoked, and the prevalence of comorbidities was not higher than that in the other groups. Compared with normal individuals, PRISm patients did not show increased all-cause mortality, whereas COPD patients showed increased all-cause mortality (PRISm: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85-1.65; COPD: aHR, 1.34, 95% CI, 1.07-1.69). Furthermore, the PRISm patients did not show increased cardiovascular mortality compared with normal individuals (PRISm: aHR, 1.65; 95% CI, 0.92-2.95; COPD: aHR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.09-3.07). CONCLUSION In our population-based cohort, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk did not increase in individuals with PRISm compared with normal individuals. Further studies are needed to distinguish a lower-risk subgroup of PRISm with certain characteristics, such as middle-aged, light-smoking Asians without additional cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooim Sin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Won
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang C, Wei S, Wang Y, Yu K, Jin Z, Zhang M, Ma X, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Sun K, Zhou P, Zhong Y, Ma J, Liao J, Wang G. Association between preserved ratio impaired spirometry and sleep apnea in a Chinese community. Curr Med Res Opin 2023; 39:621-626. [PMID: 36847254 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2182531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) in a community population. METHODS Baseline data from a prospective cohort study, the Predictive Value of Combining Inflammatory Biomarkers and Rapid Decline of FEV1 for COPD (PIFCOPD), were used for cross-sectional analysis. Participants aged 40-75 years were recruited from the community and their demographic information and medical history were collected. The STOP-Bang questionnaire (SBQ) was used to assess the risk of OSA. Pulmonary function tests were performed using a portable spirometer (COPD-6) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and 6 s (FEV6) were measured. Routine blood, biochemical, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin-6 tests were also performed. The pH of the exhaled breath condensate was determined. RESULTS A total of 1183 participants were enrolled, of which 221 with PRISm and 962 with normal lung function. The neck circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, hs-CRP concentration, proportion of males, cigarette exposure, number of current smoker, high risk of OSA, and prevalence of nasal and ocular allergy symptoms were significantly higher in the PRISm group than in the non-PRISm group (p < .05). Logistic regression showed that the risk of OSA (odds ratio, 1.883; 95% confidence interval, 1.245-2.848), waist-to-hip ratio, current smoking, and prevalence of nasal allergy symptoms were independently associated with PRISm after correcting for age and sex. CONCLUSION These findings showed that OSA prevalence is independently associated with PRISm prevalence. Further studies should confirm the relationship between systemic inflammation in OSA, localized inflammation of the airways, and impaired lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kunyao Yu
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Jin
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunbo Zhang
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kunyan Sun
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peining Zhou
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yijue Zhong
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ma
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiping Liao
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Tanabe N, Masuda I, Shiraishi Y, Maetani T, Hamada S, Sato A, Sato S, Hirai T. Clinical relevance of multiple confirmed preserved ratio impaired spirometry cases in adults. Respir Investig 2022; 60:822-830. [PMID: 36137930 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) is a common spirometry finding, but its heterogeneous manifestations and frequent transitions to airflow limitation (AFL), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or normal spirometry hinder establishing an appropriate management strategy. This study examined whether transition to AFL and baseline comorbidities are more frequent in subjects with definite PRISm (PRISm confirmed on both current and past two spirometry tests) versus incident PRISm (PRISm confirmed only on a current test with past normal spirometry records) than in normal spirometry. METHODS Archived medical check-up data of subjects aged ≥40 years (n = 10828) with two past spirometry records, in a Japanese hospital, were cross-sectionally analyzed. Among them, data from those with follow-up spirometry after three years (n = 6467) were used to evaluate transition to AFL. PRISm was defined as forced volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity ≥0.7 and % predicted FEV1 < 80%. RESULTS Overall PRISm prevalence was 6.5%. In multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, and body mass index, definite PRISm (n = 290), but not incident PRISm (n = 183), was associated with elevated hemoglobin A1c and C-reactive protein levels, and higher rates of asthma, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes than was consistent normal spirometry (n = 9694). The transition to AFL after three years was more frequent in definite PRISm, but not incident PRISm, than in normal spirometry (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 6.21 [3.42-10.71] and 1.45 [0.23-4.73], respectively). CONCLUSIONS Multiple confirmed PRISm on past and baseline spirometry is closely associated with metabolic syndrome factors, asthma history, and future AFL development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Tanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Izuru Masuda
- Medical Examination Center, Takeda Hospital, 277 Aburanokoji-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8231, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shiraishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoki Maetani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hamada
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Respiratory Failure, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuyasu Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Zhao N, Wu F, Peng J, Zheng Y, Tian H, Yang H, Deng Z, Wang Z, Li H, Wen X, Xiao S, Huang P, Dai C, Lu L, Zhou K, Chen S, Zhou Y, Ran P. Preserved ratio impaired spirometry is associated with small airway dysfunction and reduced total lung capacity. Respir Res 2022; 23:298. [PMID: 36316732 PMCID: PMC9620623 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02216-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) refers to decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in the setting of preserved ratio. Little is known about the role of PRISm and its complex relation with small airway dysfunction (SAD) and lung volume. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between PRISm and SAD and lung volume. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional community-dwelling study in China. Demographic data, standard respiratory epidemiology questionnaire, spirometry, impulse oscillometry (IOS) and computed tomography (CT) data were collected. PRISm was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.70 and FEV1 < 80% predicted. Spirometry-defined SAD was defined as at least two of three of the post-bronchodilator maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF), forced expiratory flow 50% (FEF50), and forced expiratory flow 75% (FEF75) less than 65% of predicted. IOS-defined SAD and CT-defined gas trapping were defined by the fact that the cutoff value of peripheral airway resistance R5-R20 > 0.07 kPa/L/s and LAA- 856>20%, respectively. Analysis of covariance and logistic regression were used to determine associations between PRISm and SAD and lung volume. We then repeated the analysis with a lower limit of normal definition of spirometry criteria and FVC definition of PRISm. Moreover, we also performed subgroup analyses in ever smoker, never smoker, subjects without airway reversibility or self-reported diagnosed asthma, and subjects with CT-measured total lung capacity ≥70% of predicted. RESULTS The final analysis included 1439 subjects. PRISm had higher odds and more severity in spirometry-defined SAD (pre-bronchodilator: odds ratio [OR]: 5.99, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 3.87-9.27, P < 0.001; post-bronchodilator: OR: 14.05, 95%CI: 8.88-22.24, P < 0.001), IOS-defined SAD (OR: 2.89, 95%CI: 1.82-4.58, P < 0.001), and CT-air trapping (OR: 2.01, 95%CI: 1.08-3.72, P = 0.027) compared with healthy control after adjustment for confounding factors. CT-measured total lung capacity in PRISm was lower than that in healthy controls (4.15 ± 0.98 vs. 4.78 ± 1.05 L, P < 0.05), after adjustment. These results were robust in repeating analyses and subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION Our finding revealed that PRISm was associated with SAD and reduced total lung capacity. Future studies to identify the underlying mechanisms and longitudinal progression of PRISm are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zhao
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Wu
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieqi Peng
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youlan Zheng
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heshen Tian
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huajing Yang
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhishan Deng
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihui Wang
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Li
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xiao
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiqiong Dai
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lifei Lu
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunning Zhou
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengtang Chen
- Medical Imaging Center, Wengyuan County People’s Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Yumin Zhou
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pixin Ran
- grid.470124.4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang west Road, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Lu J, Ge H, Qi L, Zhang S, Yang Y, Huang X, Li M. Subtyping preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) by using quantitative HRCT imaging characteristics. Respir Res 2022; 23:309. [PMID: 36369019 PMCID: PMC9652811 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02113-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm) is defined as FEV1/FVC ≥ 70% and FEV1 < 80%pred by pulmonary function test (PFT). It has highly prevalence and is associated with increased respiratory symptoms, systemic inflammation, and mortality. However, there are few radiological studies related to PRISm. The purpose of this study was to investigate the quantitative high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) characteristics of PRISm and to evaluate the correlation between quantitative HRCT parameters and pulmonary function parameters, with the goal of establishing a nomogram model for predicting PRISm based on quantitative HRCT. METHODS A prospective and continuous study was performed in 488 respiratory outpatients from February 2020 to February 2021. All patients underwent both deep inspiratory and expiratory CT examinations, and received pulmonary function test (PFT) within 1 month. According to the exclusion criteria and Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification standard, 94 cases of normal pulmonary function, 51 cases of PRISm and 48 cases of mild to moderate chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) were included in the study. The lung parenchyma, parametric response mapping (PRM), airway and vessel parameters were measured by automatic segmentation software (Aview). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the differences in clinical features, pulmonary function parameters and quantitative CT parameters. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between CT quantitative index and pulmonary function parameters. The predictors were obtained by binary logistics regression analysis respectively in normal and PRISm as well as PRISm and mild to moderate COPD, and the nomogram model was established. RESULTS There were significant differences in pulmonary function parameters among the three groups (P < 0.001). The differences in pulmonary parenchyma parameters such as emphysema index (EI), pixel indices-1 (PI-1) and PI-15 were mainly between mild to moderate COPD and the other two groups. The differences of airway parameters and pulmonary vascular parameters were mainly between normal and the other two groups, but were not found between PRISm and mild to moderate COPD. Especially there were significant differences in mean lung density (MLD) and the percent of normal in PRM (PRMNormal) among the three groups. Most of the pulmonary quantitative CT parameters had mild to moderate correlation with pulmonary function parameters. The predictors of the nomogram model using binary logistics regression analysis to distinguish normal from PRISm were smoking, MLD, the percent of functional small airways disease (fSAD) in PRM (PRMfSAD) and Lumen area. It had a good goodness of fit (χ2 = 0.31, P < 0.001) with the area under curve (AUC) value of 0.786. The predictor of distinguishing PRISm from mild to moderate COPD were PRMEmph (P < 0.001, AUC = 0.852). CONCLUSIONS PRISm was significantly different from subjects with normal pulmonary function in small airway and vessel lesions, which was more inclined to mild to moderate COPD, but there was no increase in pulmonary parenchymal attenuation. The nomogram based on quantitative HRCT parameters has good predictive value and provide more objective evidence for the early screening of PRISm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjuan Lu
- grid.413597.d0000 0004 1757 8802Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yanan Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Haiyan Ge
- grid.413597.d0000 0004 1757 8802Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Qi
- grid.413597.d0000 0004 1757 8802Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yanan Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Shaojie Zhang
- grid.413597.d0000 0004 1757 8802Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yanan Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Yuling Yang
- grid.413597.d0000 0004 1757 8802Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yanan Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Xuemei Huang
- grid.413597.d0000 0004 1757 8802Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yanan Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Ming Li
- grid.413597.d0000 0004 1757 8802Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yanan Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040 China
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Kim J, Lee CH, Lee HY, Kim H. Association between Comorbidities and Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry: Using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV-VI. Respiration 2021; 101:25-33. [PMID: 34320510 DOI: 10.1159/000517599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) patients have more frequent respiratory symptoms and an increased risk of mortality. However, studies on comorbidities in these patients are lacking. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between PRISm and comorbidities using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). METHOD This cross-sectional study included participants aged ≥50 years from the KNHANES (2007-2015). Participants who did not undergo spirometry or performed inadequately were excluded. We classified participants into 3 groups according to spirometry: PRISm (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1] /forced vital capacity [FVC] ≥ 0.7 and FEV1 <80%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (FEV1/ FVC <0.7), and normal. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the risk of comorbidities in the PRISm group compared to that in the normal group. RESULT The study included 17,515 participants: 12,777 (73.0%), 1,563 (8.9%), and 3,175 (18.1%) in normal, PRISm, and COPD groups, respectively. After adjustment for known risk factors of each disease, hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]; 1.31 [1.14-1.50]), diabetes (1.51 [1.29-1.78]), hypercholesterolemia (1.20 [1.04-1.37]), obesity (1.31 [1.15-1.48]), ischemic heart disease (1.58 [1.13-2.22]), chronic renal disease (2.31 [1.09-4.88]), and thyroid disease (1.41 [1.09-1.83]) risks were significantly higher in the PRISm group than in the normal group. The average number of comorbidities was 2.45 in the PRISm group, which was higher than that in the normal (2.1) and COPD (2.03) groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The number of comorbidities was significantly higher in the PRISm group than in others. Hypertension, diabetes, obesity, ischemic heart disease, chronic renal disease, and thyroid disease were associated with PRISm after adjustment for risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohae Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Chang-Hoon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Youn Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Serim Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Sustainable Development, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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