Food safety governance information tool design in trust crisis - Analysis based on consumer trust perspective

In this paper, we use the method of principal-form analysis, based on 836 consumer survey data obtained from mobile Internet, and analyze the trust of current residents' tea consumption behavior on information content, presentation form, subject and other elements of information tools and their influence on the pollution-free certified products with the help of descriptive statistical analysis, KMO test and common factor extraction method. It was found that, firstly, the higher the trust of tea consumers in information content, the higher the additional willingness to pay; secondly, the form trust also significantly affects tea consumers' willingness to pay for pollution-free certified tea, and the specific cognitive information presentation form can effectively enhance tea consumers' willingness to pay; thirdly, there are significant differences in the trust of subjects, and enhancing the trust of industrial subjects helps to improve the pollution-free certified industrial The effect of trust of external subjects is not significant; fourth, the higher the tea consumers' care about the attributes of experienced products, the higher the degree of knowledge about the three products and one standard, and the higher the consumers' education, the higher they are willing to pay higher prices for traceable tea.

User behavior, influence factors, and impacts on real-world pollutant emissions from the household heating stoves in rural China

Household heating stoves are commonly used for heating in rural China during winter and are responsible for a large portion of the particulate matter in the atmosphere. Pollutant emissions from household stoves are influenced by user behaviors in actual use, in addition to purely technological reasons (i.e., type and age of appliance) and installation conditions (i.e., the natural draft of chimney system). The variability in user behavior is one of the reasons for uncertainty in household emission inventories. In this study, household stove user behaviors, including ignition frequency, heating with or without cooking, smoldering duration, and fuel-adding times, were investigated through face-to-face surveys in Shanxi province, north China. The survey of user behaviors showed that the majority of the RHS users (81.3%) and approximately half of the WHS users (49.4%) used their stoves for both cooking and heating, whereas the remaining users used their stoves just for heating. Approximately 80% of surveyed households (97.4% for water heating stove and 68.7% for radiant heating stove) kept the stoves smoldering at night, whereas the remaining users ignited their stoves every day. The highest frequency of smoldering duration and highest frequency of fuel-adding operation were 8-9 h and 4-7 times, respectively. Principal component analysis showed that stove type, permanent population, and annual income are the potential influencing factors of user behavior. The smoldering duration was positively related to indoor air pollutant concentrations and fuel-adding times had a significant impact on outdoor PM_2.5 emission factors. The results from this research will be beneficial for understanding the cause of fluctuation in emissions and designing heating appliances for real-life operations.