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Wei L, Liu C, Wang J, Zheng X, Peng Q, Ye Q, Qin Z, Li Z, Zhang X, Wu Y, Wen Y, Zhang X, Yan Q, Ma J. Lactoferrin is required for early B cell development in C57BL/6 mice. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:58. [PMID: 33827645 PMCID: PMC8028198 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is widely distributed in mammalian milk, various tissues, and their exocrine fluids and has many physiological functions, such as bacteriostasis, antivirus, and immunoregulation. Here, we provide evidence that lactoferrin is required for early stages of B cell development in mice. Lactoferrin-deficient (Lf−/−) C57BL/6 mice showed systematic reduction in total B cells, which was attributed to the arrest of early B cell development from pre-pro-B to pro-B stage. Although the Lf−/− B cell “seeds” generated greater pro-B cells comparing to wild type (WT) littermates, the Lf−/− mice bone marrow had less stromal cells, and lower CXCL12 expression, produced a less favorable “microenvironment” for early B cell development. The underlying mechanism was mediated through ERK and AKT signalings and an abnormality in the transcription factors related to early differentiation of B cells. The Lf−/− mice also displayed abnormal antibody production in T cell-dependent and T cell-independent immunization experiments. In a pristane-induced lupus model, Lf−/− mice had more serious symptoms than WT mice, whereas lactoferrin treatment alleviated these symptoms. This study demonstrates a novel role of lactoferrin in early B cell development, suggesting a potential benefit for using lactoferrin in B cell-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Wei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pathology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Department of Immunology, Changzhi, Shanxi, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Changsha, China
| | - Can Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Pathology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Department of Immunology, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiurong Ye
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Guanxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zailong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhengshuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yangge Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuqing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Qun Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Changsha, China.
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Gao C, Liu SG, Yue ZX, Liu Y, Liang J, Li J, Zhang YY, Yu JL, Wu Y, Lin W, Zheng HY, Zhang RD. Clinical-biological characteristics and treatment outcomes of pediatric pro-B ALL patients enrolled in BCH-2003 and CCLG-2008 protocol: a study of 121 Chinese children. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:293. [PMID: 31807115 PMCID: PMC6857296 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although leukemic blast cells of Pro-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are arrested at the same stage of B cell differentiation, the immature B cell subtype is still biologically heterogeneous and is associated with diverse outcomes. This study aimed to explore the clinical-biological characteristics of pediatric pro-B ALL and factors associated with outcomes. Methods This study enrolled 121 pediatric patients aged 6 months to 14 years with newly diagnosed CD19+CD10− pro-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pro-B ALL) treated at Beijing Children’s Hospital from March 2003 to October 2018. Genetic abnormalities, immunophenotypic markers, minimal residual disease (MRD) at early treatment stage and long-term outcomes of children treated on two consecutive protocols were analyzed. Results KMT2A rearrangements were the most frequent abnormalities (incidence rate 33.06%), and were associated with lower frequency of CD13, CD33, CD22 and CD34 expression and higher frequency of CD7 and NG2 expression. Higher frequency of CD15 and CD133 expression was found in KMT2A-AFF1+ patients, exclusively. Presence of CD15 and absence of CD34 at diagnosis correlated with the high burden of MRD at the early stage of treatment. Outcomes were more favorable in patients older than 1 year, with absence of CD20 expression and KMT2A rearrangements, and with MRD lower than 1% at the end of induction and 0.1% before consolidation. Increased intensity of chemotherapy based on MRD analysis did not improve outcomes significantly (5-year EFS 73.9 ± 6.5% for BCH-2003 and 76.1 ± 5.3% for CCLG-2008, P = 0.975). Independent adverse prognostic factors were MRD ≥ 0.1% before consolidation and presence of KMT2A gene rearrangements (odds ratios [ORs] 9.424 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.210, 27.662; P < 0.001]; 4.142 [1.535, 11.715, P = 0.005]; respectively). Conclusions Pediatric pro-B ALL is a heterogeneous disease. Genetic analysis and MRD evaluation can predict patients with dismal prognosis; however, intensive chemotherapy alone does not improve outcomes of these patients and targeted therapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Shu-Guang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Zhi-Xia Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Yi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Jing Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Jun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Jiao-Le Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Ying Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Wei Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Hu-Yong Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Rui-Dong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
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Milford TAM, Su RJ, Francis OL, Baez I, Martinez SR, Coats JS, Weldon AJ, Calderon MN, Nwosu MC, Botimer AR, Suterwala BT, Zhang XB, Morris CL, Weldon DJ, Dovat S, Payne KJ. TSLP or IL-7 provide an IL-7Rα signal that is critical for human B lymphopoiesis. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:2155-61. [PMID: 27325567 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and IL-7 are cytokines that signal via the IL-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Rα) to exert both overlapping and unique functions during early stages of mouse B-cell development. In human B lymphopoiesis, the requirement for IL-7Rα signaling is controversial and the roles of IL-7 and TSLP are less clear. Here, we evaluated human B-cell production using novel in vitro and xenograft models of human B-cell development that provide selective IL-7 and human TSLP (hTSLP) stimulation. We show that in vitro human B-cell production is almost completely blocked in the absence of IL-7Rα stimulation, and that either TSLP or IL-7 can provide a signal critical for the production and proliferation of human CD19(+) PAX5(+) pro-B cells. Analysis of primary human bone marrow stromal cells shows that they express both IL-7 and TSLP, providing an in vivo source of these cytokines. We further show that the in vivo production of human pro-B cells under the influence of mouse IL-7 in a xenograft scenario is reduced by anti-IL-7 neutralizing antibodies, and that this loss can be restored by hTSLP at physiological levels. These data establish the importance of IL-7Rα mediated signals for normal human B-cell production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruijun J Su
- School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | - Ineavely Baez
- School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Abby J Weldon
- School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael C Nwosu
- School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Allen R Botimer
- School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | - David J Weldon
- School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Sinisa Dovat
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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