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Khouri C, Mahé J, Caquelin L, Locher C, Despas F. Pharmacology and pharmacovigilance of protein kinase inhibitors. Therapie 2021; 77:207-217. [PMID: 34895753 DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase inhibitors experienced their advent in the 2000s. Their market introduction made it possible to constitute a class of targeted therapies administered orally. This name was chosen to mark a break with conventional chemotherapy drugs, but it is important to stress that these are multi-target drugs with complex affinity profiles. Adverse effects can be explained by direct interactions with their targets of interest, chosen for their indications (on-target) but also interactions with other targets (off-target). The adverse effect profiles of these drugs are therefore varied and it is possible to identify common profiles related to inhibitions of common targets. Identification of these targets has improved the global understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the onset of adverse drug reactions as well as of the related diseases, and makes it possible to predict the adverse effect profile of new protein kinase inhibitors based on their affinities. In this review, we describe the main adverse drug reactions associated with protein kinase inhibitors, their frequency and their plausible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Khouri
- Pharmacovigilance Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble, France; Inserm UMR 1300-HP2 Laboratory, University Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Julien Mahé
- Department of Pharmacology, Regional Pharmacovigilance Center, CHU de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Laura Caquelin
- Inserm, CIC 1414 (centre d'investigation clinique de Rennes), Université Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Clara Locher
- Inserm, CIC 1414 (centre d'investigation clinique de Rennes), Université Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Fabien Despas
- Inserm 1297, CIC 1436, Department of Medical and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, CHU de Toulouse, University Paul-Sabatier, 31000 Toulouse, France.
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Toviwek B, Phuangsawai O, Konsue A, Hannongbua S, Riley J, Mutter N, Anderson M, Webster L, Hallyburton I, Read KD, Gleeson MP. Preparation, biological & cheminformatics-based assessment of N 2,N 4-diphenylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine as potential Kinase-targeted antimalarials. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 46:116348. [PMID: 34479064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Twenty eight new N2,N4-diphenylpyrimidine-2,4-diamines have been prepared in order to expand our understanding of the anti-malarial SAR of the scaffold. The aim of the study was to make structural modifications to improve the overall potency, selectivity and solubility of the series by varying the anilino groups attached to the 2- and 4-position. We evaluated the activity of the compounds against Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) 3D7, cytotoxicity against HepG2, % inhibition at a panel of 10 human kinases, solubility, permeability and lipophilicity, and human and rat in vitro clearance. 11 was identified as a potent anti-malarial with an IC50 of 0.66 µM at the 3D7 strain and a selectivity (SI) of ~ 40 in terms of cytotoxicity against the HepG2 cell line. It also displayed low experimental logD7.4 (2.27), reasonable solubility (124 µg/ml), good metabolic stability, but low permeability. A proteo-chemometric workflow was employed to identify putative Pf targets of the most promising compounds. Ligand-based similarity searching of the ChEMBL database led to the identification of most probable human targets. These were then used as input for sequence-based searching of the Pf proteome. Homology modelling and molecular docking were used to evaluate whether compounds could indeed bind to these targets with valid binding modes. In vitro biological testing against close human analogs of these targets was subsequently undertaken. This allowed us to identify potential Pf targets and human anti-targets that could be exploited in future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borvornwat Toviwek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Oraphan Phuangsawai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Adchatawut Konsue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Supa Hannongbua
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Jennifer Riley
- Drug Discovery Unit, Divison of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Mutter
- Drug Discovery Unit, Divison of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Anderson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Divison of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren Webster
- Drug Discovery Unit, Divison of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Hallyburton
- Drug Discovery Unit, Divison of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin D Read
- Drug Discovery Unit, Divison of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - M Paul Gleeson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand.
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Chandra, Javaregowda VG, Doreswamy BH, Ningaiah S, Bhadraiah UK, Kemparaju K, Madegowda M. Molecular docking of 1H-pyrazole derivatives to receptor tyrosine kinase and protein kinase for screening potential inhibitors. Bioinformation 2014; 10:413-8. [PMID: 25187680 PMCID: PMC4135288 DOI: 10.6026/97320630010413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase receptor and protein kinases drawn much attention for the scientific fraternity in drug discovery due to its
important role in different cancer, cardiovascular diseases and other hyper-proliferative disorders. Docking studies of pyrazole
derivatives with tyrosine kinase and different serine/threonine protein kinases were employed by using flexible ligand docking
approach of AutoDock 4.2. Among the molecules tested for docking study, 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1-
phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (1b), 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-
1,3,4-thiadiazole (1d) and 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (2b)
revealed minimum binding energy of -10.09, -8.57 and -10.35 kJ/mol with VEGFR-2 (2QU5), Aurora A (2W1G) and CDK2 (2VTO)
protein targets, respectively. These proteins are representatives of plausible models of interactions with different anticancer agents.
All the ligands were docked deeply within the binding pocket region of all the three proteins, showing reasonable hydrogen bonds.
The docking study results showed that these pyrazole derivatives are potential inhibitor of all the three protein targets; and also all
these docked compounds have good inhibition constant, vdW + Hbond + desolv energy with best RMSD value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra
- Department of Studies in Physics, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore- 570006, India
| | - Vishalakshi Gopalapura Javaregowda
- Department of Studies in Physics, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore- 570006, India ; Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore- 570006, India
| | | | | | - Umesha K Bhadraiah
- Department of Chemistry, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysore-560005, India
| | - Kempaiah Kemparaju
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore- 570006, India
| | - Mahendra Madegowda
- Department of Studies in Physics, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore- 570006, India
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