1
|
Zhou Y, Wang B, Ling Z, Liu Q, Fu X, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Hu S, Zhao F, Li X, Bao X, Yang J. Advances in ionogels for proton-exchange membranes. Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:171099. [PMID: 38387588 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
To ensure the long-term performance of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), proton-exchange membranes (PEMs) have stringent requirements at high temperatures and humidities, as they may lose proton carriers. This issue poses a serious challenge to maintaining their proton conductivity and mechanical performance throughout their service life. Ionogels are ionic liquids (ILs) hybridized with another component (such as organic, inorganic, or organic-inorganic hybrid skeleton). This design is used to maintain the desirable properties of ILs (negligible vapor pressure, thermal stability, and non-flammability), as well as a high ionic conductivity and wide electrochemical stability window with low outflow. Ionogels have opened new routes for designing solid-electrolyte membranes, especially PEMs. This paper reviews recent research progress of ionogels in proton-exchange membranes, focusing on their electrochemical properties and proton transport mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Zhiwei Ling
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Qingting Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Xudong Fu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Shengfei Hu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Wuhan Troowin Power System Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Wuhan Troowin Power System Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xujin Bao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3NW, UK.
| | - Jun Yang
- Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co., Ltd, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vilela C, Silva ACQ, Domingues EM, Gonçalves G, Martins MA, Figueiredo FML, Santos SAO, Freire CSR. Conductive polysaccharides-based proton-exchange membranes for fuel cell applications: The case of bacterial cellulose and fucoidan. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115604. [PMID: 31887959 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Conductive natural-based separators for application in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) were fabricated by combining a bacterial polysaccharide, i.e. bacterial cellulose (BC), and an algae sulphated polysaccharide, i.e. fucoidan (Fuc). The diffusion of fucoidan aqueous solution containing a natural-based cross-linker, viz. tannic acid, into the wet BC nanofibrous three-dimensional network, followed by thermal cross-linking, originated fully bio-based proton exchange membranes (PEMs). The PEMs present thermal-oxidative stability in the range of 180-200 °C and good dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus ≥ 460 MPa). Additionally, the BC/Fuc membranes exhibit protonic conductivity that increases with increasing relative humidity (RH), which is a typical feature for numerous water-mediated proton conductors. The traditional Arrhenius-type plots demonstrate a linear behaviour with a maximum protonic conductivity of 1.6 mS cm-1 at 94 °C and 98 % RH. The results showed that these fully bio-based conductive membranes have potential as eco-friendly alternatives to other PEMs for application in PEFCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Vilela
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana C Q Silva
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eddy M Domingues
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gil Gonçalves
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Manuel A Martins
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Filipe M L Figueiredo
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia A O Santos
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carmen S R Freire
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|