The global prevalence of and risk factors for fear of falling among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

As a common psychological problem among older adults, fear of falling was found to have a wide range prevalence in different studies. However, the global prevalence of it was unknown and a lack of the large sample confirmed its risk factors.

OBJECTIVES

To report the global prevalence of fear of falling and to explore its risk factors among older adults for further developing precise interventions to systematically manage FOF.

DESIGN

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by PRISMA guidelines.

METHODS

Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and the manual search in August 20, 2022, updated to September 2, 2023. Observational studies published in English were included and two researchers independently screened and extracted the data. Fixed or random effects mode was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of and risk factors for fear of falling. Heterogeneity resources were analyzed by subgroup and sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was assessed through funnel plots, Egger's test and Begg's test.

RESULTS

A total of the 153 studies with 200,033 participants from 38 countries worldwide were identified. The global prevalence of fear of falling was 49.60%, ranging from 6.96-90.34%. Subgroup analysis found the estimates pooled prevalence of it was higher in developing countries (53.40%) than in developed countries (46.7%), and higher in patients (52.20%) than in community residents (48.40%). In addition, twenty-eight risk factors were found a significant associations with fear of falling, mainly including demographic characteristics, physical function, chronic diseases and mental problems.

CONCLUSION

The global prevalence of FOF was high, especially in developing countries and in patients. Demographic characteristics, Physical function, chronic diseases and mental problems were a significant association with FOF. Policy-makers, health care providers and government officials should comprehensively evaluate these risk factors and formulate precise intervention measures to reduce FOF.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

The study was registered in the International Database of Prospectively Registered Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42022358031.

Application of psychological nursing based on narrative therapy in patients with early gastric cancer undergoing radical operation

BACKGROUND

In the preoperative and perioperative period of radical gastrectomy, patients generally have negative psychological effects, which is not conducive to the treatment of the disease. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen psychological intervention and relieve anxiety during this period. In recent years, emerging narrative therapy can help cancer patients become more optimistic.

AIM

To explore the effect of psychological nursing based on narrative therapy on patients with early gastric cancer undergoing radical operation.

METHODS

From September 2018 to September 2020, 119 patients with early gastric cancer undergoing radical operation at our hospital were selected to carry out a prospective study, and they were divided into a control group (n = 59) and an observation group (n = 60) according to the order of filing. Both groups received conventional nursing care. The observation group additionally received psychological nursing based on narrative therapy. All patients were intervened for 4 wk. The changes in psychological distress (DMSM), disease uncertainty, cancer-related fatigue, self-care ability (ESCA), and pain (VAS) were observed in the two groups before and after nursing.

RESULTS

The psychological pain score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The degree of disease uncertainty in the observation group after nursing was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). After nursing, the degree of cancer-related fatigue in each dimension of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05); the ESCA score of each dimension in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The VAS score of pain in the observation group after nursing was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

As a post-modern psychotherapy, psychological nursing based on narrative therapy can give play to its own repair function, reduce the psychological burden, help gastric cancer patients establish the confidence to overcome the disease, reduce cancer-related fatigue and the degree of pain, and provide powerful conditions for disease control and prognosis.

The effect of psychological nursing on the short- and long-term negative emotions and quality of life of cervical cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of psychological nursing intervention on the short- and long-term negative emotions and changes in the quality of life in patients with cervical cancer who underwent postoperative chemotherapy.

METHODS

141 patients with cervical cancer who received postoperative chemotherapy in our hospital were recruited as the study cohort. They were divided into the study group (80 cases) and the control group (61 cases) according to the different nursing methods each underwent. The patients in the control group underwent routine nursing, and the study group also underwent psychological nursing. The changes in the quality of life and the negative emotions of the patients in the two groups before and after the intervention were compared, and the correlation between the quality of life and the negative emotions were explored.

RESULTS

The patients' Quality of Life Questionnaire (EROTC-QLQ-C30) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores in the two groups before the intervention were not significantly different (P > 0.05). A re-evaluation at the end of the 90 day-intervention showed that the EROTC-QLQ-C30 scores in the study group were significantly higher than they were in the control group (P < 0.05). A dynamic evaluation showed that the proportion of patients with mild anxiety in the study group was higher than it was in the control group at 30, 60, and 90 days of intervention (P < 0.05). A Spearman correlation analysis showed that the SAS scale and EROTC-QLQ-C30 scores were negatively correlated (r=-0.4438, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The implementation of psychological intervention can help alleviate the short- and long-term negative emotions of cervical cancer patients who underwent postoperative chemotherapy, and it is feasible and conducive to the patients' quality of life. We recommend carrying out the clinical promotion and application of this psychological intervention.

Influence of psychological nursing on negative emotion and sleep quality of glaucoma trabeculectomy patients

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the influence of psychological nursing on negative emotion and sleep quality of glaucoma trabeculectomy patients.

METHODS

Ninety glaucoma patients treated in our hospital were obtained as research participants and were randomly divided into the control group (45 cases, adopted eyeball massage) and the observation group (45 cases adopted eyeball massage with psychological nursing). The negative emotions (Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAMA, HAMD)), sleep quality (PSQI scale), quality of life (GQOLI-74 scale), vision (national standard visual acuity chart) and complications were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

The scores of HAMA, HAMD and PSQI of patients in both groups decreased when they were discharged from hospital, especially in the observation group (all P<0.05). One month and 3 months after operation, BCVA of affected eyes in both groups was significantly higher than that before operation, and that of the control group was higher than that in the observation group (all P<0.05). The scores of GQOLI-74 in both groups were increased, and the scores of the control group were higher than those in the observation group (all P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSION

Psychological nursing on the basis of eyeball massage can effectively relieve the bad psychology of glaucoma patients after trabeculectomy, improve their sleep quality and life quality, and have less postoperative complications and good vision recovery.

[Meta-analysis on influence of psychological nursing on quality of life of AIDS patients]

Objective: To evaluate the effect of psychological nursing intervention on the quality of life of AIDS patients. Methods: The experimental studies about the influence of psychological nursing intervention on the quality of life of AIDS patients were systematically retrieved in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), China journal full text database (CNKI), Wanfang database and VIP Chinese science and technology periodical database (VIP). The SF-36 scale scores in 8 dimensions were combined with Review Manager 5.3, the weighted mean difference and 95% CI of the value of the combined effects were calculated. Results: In addition to the dimension of physiological function, the differences in weighted mean of the remaining seven dimensions of SF-36 scales were significant, among which the average score of physiological function increased to 6.48, but the average score of emotional function increased up to 19.90. It can be considered that in addition to the dimension of physiological function, the score of the other dimensions were improved after the psychological nursing intervention. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the differences in weighted means of the eight dimensions of SF-36 scale were significant, indicating that the quality of life of the observation group was higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: Psychological nursing intervention can improve the quality of life of AIDS patients, and it is suggested to use it in clinical practice.

Effect of picture-book reading on anxiety, depression and loneliness in hospitalized children with gastrointestinal disease

AIM: To investigate the effect of picture-book reading on anxiety, depression and loneliness in hospitalized children with gastrointestinal disease.

METHODS: One hundred and two children with gastrointestinal disease treated from January 2013 and November 2014 at our hospital were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 51 cases in each group. Cases in the control group were given conventional treatment and psychological nursing. Based on these, children in the observation group were additionally guided by a trained nurse to conduct picture-book reading. The scores of Screen for Children Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SEARED), Depression Self-rating Scale for Children (DSRSC), Children's Loneliness Scale (CLS) and satisfaction of children's families were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.

RESULTS: The total scores of SEARD, DSRSC and CLS were, respectively, 17.63 ± 4.72, 10.09 ± 4.51 and 21.54 ± 4.49 in the observation group after intervention, which were statistically lower than 23.51 ± 4.93, 13.26 ± 4.78 and 23.96 ± 4.58 in the control group (t = 6.152, 3.445, 2.695; P < 0.05). The degree of satisfaction of children's families in the observation group was significant higher than that in the control group (χ² = 11.304, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The picture-book reading introduced into the psychological nursing of hospitalized children with gastrointestinal disease could significantly reduce the levels of anxiety and depression and improve their sense of loneliness.

Psychological crisis and nursing of liver cirrhosis patients: A systematic review

AIM: To investigate the psychological features and assess the effectiveness of psychological nursing in Chinese patients with liver cirrhosis.

METHODS: PubMed and Chinese Journal Full-text Database were searched. Either series reports or comparative studies involving psychological features or comparison of psychological nursing vs none were eligible for analysis.

RESULTS: Totally, 24 papers containing 2 255 patients with liver cirrhosis were included. Major psychological crisis was depression (65.0%) and anxiety (37.3%), which were mainly influenced by education degree, financial status, hospitalization frequency, and disease stage. The results of meta-analyses show that psychological nursing intervention significantly reduced not only the score of either depression or anxiety symptoms but also the proportion of patients with severe depression or anxiety.

CONCLUSION: Health carers should be aware of psychological crisis in patients with liver cirrhosis. Psychological nursing intervention is able to improve psychological crisis.

Psychological nursing in patients during emergency gastroscopy: influence on patients' feelings of anxiety and stress

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of psychological nursing in patients receiving emergency gastroscopic examination, and to determine its influence on patients' feelings of anxiety and stress.

METHODS: A total of 152 patients receiving emergency gastroscopic examination were divided randomly into observation group (n = 76) and control group (n = 76). The observation group received psycholological nursing before and during gastroscopy, while the control group received traditional methods of nursing care. The examination results including bleeding cause and hemostasis rates were compared between the two groups using the self-rating anxiety scale.

RESULTS: The detection rate of bleeding causes was not significantly different between the observation group and control group (P > 0.05). The hemostasis rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The incidence of anxiety feeling before gastroscopic examination was 87%. Pre-gastroscopic examination anxiety was related to profession, personality, financial status and educational level. Anxiety and stress feelings improved significantly before and after psychological intervention in the observation group compared to the control group.

CONCLUSION: Psychological nursing can significantly improve anxiety and stress feelings of patients and help them receive gastroscopy smoothly during the procedure. Meanwhile, this effort can help obtain good hemostasis effect and improve the patient's satisfaction.