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Robin A, Thomas-Ollivier V, Sauvaget A, Pere M, Bulteau S. Psychomotor retardation: What about the partial responders to magnetic transcranial stimulation in treatment resistant depression ? J Psychiatr Res 2024; 173:309-316. [PMID: 38569451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psychomotor retardation is a core clinical component of Major Depressive Disorder responsible for disability and is known as a treatment response marker of biological treatments for depression. Our objective was to describe cognitive and motoric measures changes during a treatment by repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) within the THETAD-DEP trial for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and compare those performances at the end of treatment and one month after between responders (>50% improvement on MADRS score), partial responders (25-50%) and non-reponders (no clinically relevant improvement). Our secondary aim was to investigate baseline psychomotor performances associated with non-response and response even partial. METHODS Fifty-four patients with treatment-resistant unipolar depression and treated by either high frequency 10 Hz rTMS or iTBS for 4 weeks (20 sessions) underwent assessment including French Retardation Rating Scale for Depression (ERD), Verbal Fluency test, and Trail Making Test A. before, just after treatment and one month later. RESULTS 20 patients were responders (R, 21 partial responders (PR) and 13 non-responders (NR). rTMS treatment improved psychomotor performances in the R and PR groups unlike NR patients whose psychomotor performance was not enhanced by treatment. At baseline, participants, later identified as partial responders, showed significantly higher performances than non-responders. CONCLUSION Higher cognitivo-motor performances at baseline may be associated with clinical improvement after rTMS treatment. This work highlights the value of objective psychomotor testing for the identification of rTMS responders and partial responders, and thus may be useful for patient selection and protocol individualization such as treatment continuation for early partial responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Robin
- Nantes Université, Movement - Interactions - Performance, MIP, UR 4334, F-44000, Nantes, France.
| | | | - Anne Sauvaget
- Nantes Université, Movement - Interactions - Performance, MIP, UR 4334, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Morgane Pere
- Nantes University, CHU Nantes, Direction de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Samuel Bulteau
- Nantes University, CHU Nantes, INSERM, MethodS in Patient-centered outcomes and HEalth Research, SPHERE, F-44000, Nantes, France
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Cetin EB, Bilgici MNC, Tuncer GO, Karabag IS, Aydin S. Syndrome of megalencephaly, mega corpus callosum, and complete lack of motor development: an unusual case and a literature review. Childs Nerv Syst 2024; 40:219-225. [PMID: 37688615 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-06150-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The syndrome of megalencephaly, mega corpus callosum (MEG-MegaCC) accompanied by complete lack of motor development is a rare condition with only few sporadic cases having been reported in the literature. In this paper, we describe a child from non-consanguineous parents presenting with MegaCC, psychomotor retardation, and language impairment linked to MEG-MegaCC syndrome. Genetic analysis, radiological findings, and detailed neurological phenotype of MEG-MegaCC syndrome with its overlapping syndromes would allow for a better classification of the disease spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gökcen Oz Tuncer
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Irem Sari Karabag
- Department of Radiology, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Seren Aydin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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Socha M, Szoszkiewicz A, Simon D, Jamsheer A. A pure de novo 16p13.3 duplication and amplification in a patient with femoral hypoplasia, psychomotor retardation, heart defect, and facial dysmorphism-a case report and literature review of the partial 16p13.3 trisomy syndrome. J Appl Genet 2023; 64:125-34. [PMID: 36586055 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00743-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Partial 16p trisomy syndrome is a rare disorder typically characterized by psychomotor retardation, prenatal and postnatal growth deficiency, cleft palate, and facial dysmorphism, with some patients also presenting with heart defects and urogenital anomalies. Pure 16p13.3 duplications usually occur de novo, while those duplications that associate with partial monosomy result rather from parental chromosomal translocations. Due to the large size of the aberrations, the majority of patients are identified by standard chromosome analysis. In all published cases, the minimal-causative duplicated region encompasses the CREBBP gene. Here, we report on the patient presenting with psychomotor retardation, femoral hypoplasia, and some features of the partial 16p trisomy syndrome, who carries a complex de novo terminal 16p13.3 microduplication with an overlapping region of amplification without translocation or associated monosomy. In contrast to the previously reported cases, the duplicated region of the patient does not involve CREBBP and other neighboring genes; still, the observed pattern of dysmorphic features of the index is characteristic of the described syndrome. Based on the animal studies and other published cases, we discuss the possible role of the PDK1 and IGFALS genes in the development of limb anomalies, while IFT140 could contribute both to the observed femoral phenotype and heart abnormalities in the patient. To the best of our knowledge, we present a proband harboring the smallest terminal 16p13.3 duplication of the size below 3 Mb. Therefore, our proband with her detailed phenotypic description may be helpful for clinicians who consult patients with this syndrome.
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Ma X, Liu P, Law S, Ravindran N, Xu B, Fan T, Feng K. Characteristics of psychomotor retardation distinguishes patients with depression using multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy and finger tapping task. J Affect Disord 2022; 318:255-262. [PMID: 36087791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychomotor retardation (PMR) is frequently noted as a characteristic feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). In patients with depression, it is characterized by retardation of speech, emotion, thinking, and cognition. This study explored the activation pattern of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during the finger-tapping task (FTT) in subjects with MDD, aiming to provide additional understanding on the connection between PMR and PFC activation pattern in depression through the use of near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). We hypothesized that, through use of NIRS during the FTT, motor retardation in depression would generate a distinct PFC activation pattern, allowing for differentiation between patients with MDD and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Thirty-five patients with MDD and thirty-nine HCs underwent NIRS evaluation during performance of the FTT. The FTT included both left-finger tapping and right-finger tapping performed by a computer screen. Each participant was assessed using a 45-channel NIRS and various clinical scales. FINDINGS During the left-FTT, the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) showed higher oxy-hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) activation in the MDD group when compared to the HCs. During the right-FTT, the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) demonstrated lower Oxy-Hb activation, and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) showed higher Oxy-Hb activation in the MDD group versus the HC group. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated different activation patterns of the PFC between the MDD and HC groups, using FTT as a motor performance task. In particular, the OFC, the DLPFC and the DMPFC areas hold promise as new useful sites for such differentiation in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Ma
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pozi Liu
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10000, China
| | - Samuel Law
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Bo Xu
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10000, China
| | - Tengteng Fan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Kun Feng
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10000, China.
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5
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Sturla Álvarez DA, Sánchez Marcos E, de Lucas Collantes C, Cantarín Extremera V, Soto Insuga V, Aparicio López C. Fanconi Syndrome Secondary to Sodium Valproate Therapy: Experience and Literature Review. Pediatr Neurol 2022; 130:53-59. [PMID: 35364461 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fanconi syndrome (FS) can be of primary or secondary origin. Some cases of FS secondary to the use of sodium valproate (VPA) have been described, mostly in children with severe psychomotor retardation who are fed by feeding device. The objetive of this study was to describe patients treated for this entity in our center, comparing them against the published literature. METHODS Descriptive study of our patients and those found in the literature. Epidemiologic and clinical data were collected. RESULTS We describe seven patients (three to 17 years old) with severe psychomotor retardation and undergoing treatment with VPA. Four presented pathologic fractures before the diagnosis of FS, and in three patients the diagnosis was reached due to abnormal laboratory findings. A review of the published cases was carried out and, including our sample, a total of 42 patients were studied: 51.3% were male, and the median age at diagnosis of FS was 6 years. Severe psychomotor retardation was found in 92.8% of patients, 78% carried a feeding device, and 77.5% received treatment with several antiepileptic drugs. The mean duration of VPA treatment was 5.7 years (range 2 to 7.5 years). Fifteen patients (37.5%) had bone complications. The resolution time of FS after discontinuation of drug therapy ranged from two to 19 months (median 4 months). CONCLUSIONS FS related to VPA is a rare complication, but it should be considered in patients with epilepsy, especially if they have severe psychomotor retardation, are users of feeding devices, and receive other antiepileptic treatments in addition to VPA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Víctor Soto Insuga
- Pediatric Neurology Service, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
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Escobar Castellanos M, de la Mata Navazo S, Carrón Bermejo M, García Morín M, Ruiz Martín Y, Saavedra Lozano J, Miranda Herrero MC, Barredo Valderrama E, Castro de Castro P, Vázquez López M. Association between neuroimaging findings and neurological sequelae in patients with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Neurologia 2022; 37:122-129. [PMID: 30857789 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is an important cause of disability. There is little evidence on the prognostic value of lesions identified in neuroimaging studies. AIM The study aimed to assess the severity of lesions detected with brain MRI and transfontanellar ultrasound and their relationship with long-term neurological deficits. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective, analytical, observational study of 36 patients with congenital CMV infection. Neuroimaging studies were reviewed and classified according to the modified Noyola' scale. Imaging findings were compared with neurological alterations in the patients' most recent follow-up evaluation at the paediatric neurology department. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were studied (transfontanellar ultrasound: 30; brain MRI: 29). Twenty of 30 patients showed ultrasound abnormalities; of these, 11 showed alterations on brain MR images (P=.04) and 10 had neurological impairment (P=.008). Transfontanellar ultrasound had a sensitivity of 83.3%, 90% CI: 58-100 and a specificity of 44.4%, 90% CI: 18.7-70.2 for predicting neurological sequelae. Brain MRI displayed abnormalities in 20 of 29 patients, of whom 16 had neurological impairment (P<.001). MRI had a sensitivity of 94%, 95% CI: 80-100 and a specificity of 66.6%, 95% CI: 36-97.5 for predicting neurological sequelae. Modified Noyola' scale values >2 were correlated with psychomotor retardation (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings validate previous studies reporting a statistical significant correlation between the extension of neuroimaging lesions and severity of neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Escobar Castellanos
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
| | - S de la Mata Navazo
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - M Carrón Bermejo
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - M García Morín
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - Y Ruiz Martín
- Sección de Radiología, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - J Saavedra Lozano
- Sección de Infectología, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - M C Miranda Herrero
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - E Barredo Valderrama
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - P Castro de Castro
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - M Vázquez López
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
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Lu X, Zhang JF, Gu F, Zhang HX, Zhang M, Zhang HS, Song RZ, Shi YC, Li K, Wang B, Zhang ZJ, Northoff G. Altered task modulation of global signal topography in the default-mode network of unmedicated major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2022; 297:53-61. [PMID: 34610369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered global signal (GS) topography features in the resting-state fMRI of major depressive disorder (MDD), showing abnormally strong global signal representation in the default-mode network (DMN). Whether the abnormal local to global change also shapes activity during task states, and how it relates to psychopathological symptoms, e.g., abnormally slow time speed of motor, cognitive, and affective symptoms, remains unknown. METHODS We investigated fMRI-based GS with its topographical representation during task states in unmedicated 51 MDD subjects and 28 healthy subjects. Task-related global signal correlation (GSCORR) was probed by a novel paradigm testing the processing of negative/neutral emotions during different time speeds, i.e., slow and fast. RESULTS We observed a significant interaction between time speed and emotion of GSCORR in various DMN regions in healthy subjects. Next, we showed that MDD exhibits reduced task-related GSCORR in various DMN regions during specifically the fast processing of negative emotions. Finally, we demonstrated that GSCORR in DMN and other brain regions (motor-related regions, inferior frontal cortex) correlated with the degree of psychomotor retardation especially during the fast emotional stimuli. LIMITATIONS The measurement of interoceptive variables like respiration rate or heart rate were not included in our fMRI acquisition. CONCLUSION Together, we demonstrated the functional relevance of GS topography by showing reduced GSCORR in DMN during specifically the fast processing of negative emotions in MDD, suggesting the abnormal slowness, i.e., reduced time speed, to be a key feature of both brain and symptoms in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lu
- Department of Neurology of Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China; Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, University of Ottawa(,) Institute of Mental Health Research(,) Ottawa(,) Ontario K1Z 7K4, Canada; Department of Neurology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University(,) Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Feng Zhang
- Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences(,) Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, University of Ottawa(,) Institute of Mental Health Research(,) Ottawa(,) Ontario K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- Department of Psychology of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China; Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Xinxiang 453002, Henan Province, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Psychology of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hai-San Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Xinxiang 453002, Henan Province, China
| | - Rui-Ze Song
- Department of Neurology of Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ya-Chen Shi
- Department of Neurology of Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kun Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Xinxiang 453002, Henan Province, China
| | - Bi Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Xinxiang 453002, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurology of Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Psychology of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China; Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China; Shenzhen institute of advanced technology, Chinese academy of sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Georg Northoff
- Department of Neurology of Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China; Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, University of Ottawa(,) Institute of Mental Health Research(,) Ottawa(,) Ontario K1Z 7K4, Canada; Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China; Brain and Mind Research Institute, Centre for Neural Dynamics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa(,) Ottawa, Ontario K1Z 7K4(,) Canada; Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Escobar Castellanos M, de la Mata Navazo S, Carrón Bermejo M, García Morín M, Ruiz Martín Y, Saavedra Lozano J, Miranda Herrero MC, Barredo Valderrama E, Castro de Castro P, Vázquez López M. Association between neuroimaging findings and neurological sequelae in patients with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Neurologia (Engl Ed) 2021; 37:122-129. [PMID: 34531153 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is an important cause of disability. There is little evidence on the prognostic value of lesions identified in neuroimaging studies. AIM The study aimed to assess the severity of lesions detected with brain MRI and transfontanellar ultrasound and their relationship with long-term neurological deficits. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective, analytical, observational study of 36 patients with congenital CMV infection. Neuroimaging studies were reviewed and classified according to the modified Noyola' scale. Imaging findings were compared with neurological alterations in the patients' most recent follow-up evaluation at the paediatric neurology department. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were studied (transfontanellar ultrasound: 30; brain MRI: 29). Twenty of 30 patients showed ultrasound abnormalities; of these, 11 showed alterations on brain MR images (P = .04) and 10 had neurological impairment (P = .008). Transfontanellar ultrasound had a sensitivity of 83.3%, 90% CI: 58-100 and a specificity of 44.4%, 90% CI: 18.7-70.2 for predicting neurological sequelae. Brain MRI displayed abnormalities in 20 of 29 patients, of whom 16 had neurological impairment (P < .001). MRI had a sensitivity of 94%, 95% CI: 80-100 and a specificity of 66.6%, 95% CI: 36-97.5 for predicting neurological sequelae. Modified Noyola' scale values > 2 were correlated with psychomotor retardation (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings validate previous studies reporting a statistical significant correlation between the extension of neuroimaging lesions and severity of neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Escobar Castellanos
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - S de la Mata Navazo
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Carrón Bermejo
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - M García Morín
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Ruiz Martín
- Sección de Radiología, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Saavedra Lozano
- Sección de Infectología, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Miranda Herrero
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Barredo Valderrama
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Castro de Castro
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Vázquez López
- Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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Winkler I, Miotła P, Lejman M, Pietrzyk A, Kacprzak M, Kubiak M, Sobczyńska-Tomaszewska A, Skrzypczak M, Jaszczuk I. A new family with spastic paraplegia type 51 and novel mutations in AP4E1. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:131. [PMID: 34006278 PMCID: PMC8130362 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-00980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autosomal recessive mutations in the AP-4 (adaptor protein complex 4) complex subunit ϵ − 1 (AP-4E1) gene on chromosome 15q21.2 are known to cause spastic paraplegia 51 (SPG51). The exact phenotype of SPG51 remains poorly characterized, because only a few families have been reported as carriers of the mutation. In addition, a previous study identified an autosomal dominant mutation in the AP4E1 gene as being associated with persistent stuttering. The aim of the current study was to characterize the phenotype of a paediatric patient with an identified novel AP4E1 mutation presenting with significant psychomotor retardation, intellectual disability and paraplegia. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging was used to identify hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. The DNA sample was tested using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). In addition, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed using the patient’s DNA, and Sanger sequencing was performed using that of his family members. Results The phenotype was identified to be associated with a novel pathogenic variant c.942_943 + 3delinsCC in the AP4E1 gene. The patient manifested severely delayed psychomotor development, impaired global physical development and general illness. Movement disorders were evident during the neonatal period. Conclusions The present study identifies a previously unknown disease-inducing AP4E1 gene mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Winkler
- 2nd Department of Gynaecology, St. Johns Centre Oncology, Lublin Oncology Centre, 7 Jaczewski Street, 20-090, Lublin, Poland. .,2nd Department of Gynaecology, Lublin Medical University, 8 Jaczewski Street, 20-954, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Paweł Miotła
- 2nd Department of Gynaecology, Lublin Medical University, 8 Jaczewski Street, 20-954, Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Lejman
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Children Clinical Hospital, II Dept. of Paediatrics, Medical University, A. Gebali 6, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Pietrzyk
- MedGen Medical Centre, Wiktorii Wiedeńskiej 9a Street, 02-954, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kacprzak
- MedGen Medical Centre, Wiktorii Wiedeńskiej 9a Street, 02-954, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kubiak
- Department of Surgery, St. Johns Centre Oncology, 7 Jaczewski Street, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Skrzypczak
- 2nd Department of Gynaecology, Lublin Medical University, 8 Jaczewski Street, 20-954, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ilona Jaszczuk
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Children Clinical Hospital, II Dept. of Paediatrics, Medical University, A. Gebali 6, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.,Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080, Lublin, Poland
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10
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Stanghellini G, Ballerini M, Fernandez AV, Cutting J, Mancini M. Abnormal Body Phenomena in Persons with Major Depressive Disorder. Psychopathology 2021; 54:203-213. [PMID: 34062548 DOI: 10.1159/000514642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorders, despite being classified as mood or affective disorders, are known to include disturbances in the experience of body, space, time, and intersubjectivity. However, current diagnostic manuals largely ignore these aspects of depressive experience. In this article, we use phenomenological accounts of embodiment as a theoretical foundation for a qualitative study of abnormal body phenomena (ABP) in depressive disorders. METHODS 550 patients affected by schizophrenic and affective disorders were interviewed in a clinical setting. Interviews sought to uncover the qualitative features of experiences through self-descriptions. Clinical files were subsequently digitized and re-examined using consensual qualitative research. RESULTS Ninety-nine out of 100 patients with MDD reported at least one ABP. From cross-analysis of the MDD sample, we obtained 4 general categories of ABP, 3 of which had additional subcategories. The 4 categories include slowed embodied temporality (N = 90), anomalous vital rhythms (N = 82), worries about one's body (N = 22), and body deformation (N = 47). CONCLUSIONS The results provide empirical evidence in support of theoretical discussions of embodiment in MDD found in the work of classical and contemporary phenomenologists. The findings also provide nuanced insight into the experience of persons living with MDD. Some categories of ABP, like slowed embodied temporality, can help to finely characterize psychomotor retardation or the so-called "medically unexplained symptoms" (MUS). This fine-tuned characterization can help to connect MUS to neuropsychological and neurobiological (e.g., alterations of interoceptive processes linked to anomalies of the brain resting-state hypothesis) and inflammatory (e.g., studies linking environmental stressors, inflammation mediators, and neurovegetative and affective symptoms) models of MDD. Our results can also support a pathogenic model of MDD, which posits, on the phenomenal level, ABP as the point of departure for the development of secondary symptoms including cognitive elaborations of these, namely, delusions about the body. Moreover, some of the categories, when contrasted with phenomenological qualitative studies of other disorders, provide conceptual resources of differential diagnosis and of identifying a "depressive core syndrome." For example, findings within category 4, deformation of the body, provide resources for using ABP to distinguish between MDD and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Stanghellini
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,D. Portales' University, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Anthony Vincent Fernandez
- Department of Philosophy, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.,Faculty of Philosophy, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John Cutting
- Kings College Hospital in London and the Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Milena Mancini
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
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11
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Janzing JGE, Birkenhäger TK, van den Broek WW, Breteler LMT, Nolen WA, Verkes RJ. Psychomotor Retardation and the prognosis of antidepressant treatment in patients with unipolar Psychotic Depression. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 130:321-326. [PMID: 32877825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychomotor Retardation is a key symptom of Major Depressive Disorder. According to the literature its presence may affect the prognosis of treatment. Aim of the present study is to investigate the prognostic role of Psychomotor Retardation in patients with unipolar Psychotic Depression who are under antidepressant treatment. METHODS The Salpetriere Retardation Rating Scale was administered at baseline and after 6 weeks to 122 patients with unipolar Psychotic Depression who were randomly allocated to treatment with imipramine, venlafaxine or venlafaxine plus quetiapine. We studied the effects of Psychomotor Retardation on both depression and psychosis related outcome measures. RESULTS 73% of the patients had Psychomotor Retardation at baseline against 35% after six weeks of treatment. The presence of Psychomotor Retardation predicted lower depression remission rates in addition to a higher persistence of delusions. After six weeks of treatment, venlafaxine was associated with higher levels of Psychomotor Retardation compared to imipramine and venlafaxine plus quetiapine. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm that Psychomotor Retardation is a severity marker of unipolar Psychotic Depression. It is highly prevalent and predicts lower effectivity of antidepressant psychopharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost G E Janzing
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Tom K Birkenhäger
- Department of Psychiatry Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Leonie M T Breteler
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Antonius-Mesos Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Willem A Nolen
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert-Jan Verkes
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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12
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Powell A, Graham D, Portley R, Snowdon J, Hayes MW. Wearable technology to assess bradykinesia and immobility in patients with severe depression undergoing electroconvulsive therapy: A pilot study. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 130:75-81. [PMID: 32798772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The psychomotor retardation that may be seen in major depression represents an interesting parallel to bradykinesia, a core feature of Parkinson's disease. Psychomotor retardation has been correlated with the severity of depression and is a predictor of response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Psychomotor retardation has typically been assessed by subjective clinical judgement including clinical rating scales. Gross activity levels have also been measured with actigraphy previously. The Parkinson's KinetiGraph (PKG) was developed to assess bradykinesia, dyskinesia and tremor in Parkinson's disease and allows for an objective assessment of motor symptoms over time. It has not been used previously to assess motor symptoms in depression. The aim of the current pilot study was to use the PKG to objectively measure both bradykinesia and immobility in depressed inpatients undergoing ECT before, during and at the end of therapy and review correlations with depressive symptomatology and treatment response. The majority of patients (9/12) had PKG defined bradykinesia at baseline and 7/9 of these improved with ECT. All patients with bradykinesia who remitted clinically demonstrated improvements in bradykinesia scores. PKG defined immobility was present at baseline in 11/12 total patients and improved in the majority of these patients (9/11) post ECT. Correlations between clinically assessed melancholia and PKG measures were significant (r = 0.701, p 0.011 at baseline to rs = 0.655, p 0.021 at end). A strong association between bradykinesia and immobility scores and depression severity was not seen. The PKG is a potentially useful wearable technology to objectively assess motor symptoms in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Powell
- Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - David Graham
- Concord Centre for Mental Health, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rosemarie Portley
- Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Snowdon
- Concord Centre for Mental Health, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael W Hayes
- Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Okano S, Miyamoto A, Makita Y, Taketazu G, Kimura K, Fukuda I, Tanaka H, Yanagi K, Kaname T. Severe gastrointestinal symptoms caused by a novel DDX3X variant. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:104058. [PMID: 32896648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in DDX3X have recently been identified as a common cause of intellectual disability and congenital anomalies. DDX3X (Xp11.4) encodes the DEAD box RNA helicase that plays an important role in gene regulation, apoptosis, and oncogenesis. Here, we report a case of 6-year-old Japanese girl with a novel variant (NM_001193416.3: c.1574A > G; p.(Tyr525Cys), who exhibited psychomotor retardation, severe constipation, and a recurrent paralytic ileus. This is the second report of severe gastrointestinal symptoms being associated with this disease. This report expands the phenotype caused by DDX3X variants and reveals an important clinical aspect for patients and medical staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Okano
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido Asahikawa Habilitation Center for Disabled Children, Japan
| | - Akie Miyamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido Asahikawa Habilitation Center for Disabled Children, Japan
| | - Yoshio Makita
- Department of Genetic Counseling, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan.
| | - Genya Taketazu
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Kosei Hospital, Japan
| | - Kayano Kimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido Asahikawa Habilitation Center for Disabled Children, Japan
| | - Ikue Fukuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido Asahikawa Habilitation Center for Disabled Children, Japan
| | - Hajime Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido Asahikawa Habilitation Center for Disabled Children, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yanagi
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kaname
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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Yang L, Guo B, Zhu W, Wang L, Han B, Che Y, Guo L. Bainbridge-ropers syndrome caused by loss-of-function variants in ASXL3: Clinical abnormalities, medical imaging features, and gene variation in infancy of case report. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:287. [PMID: 32517662 PMCID: PMC7282141 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bainbridge–Ropers syndrome (BRPS) is a recently described developmental disorder caused by de novo truncating mutations in the Additional sex combs-like 3 (ASXL3) gene. Only four cases have been reported in China and are limited to the analysis of its clinical abnormalities, medical imaging features and gene variation. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical phenotype, imaging manifestations and genetic characteristics of BPRS syndrome caused by ASXL3 gene mutation. Clinical data, medical imaging data and gene test results of BRPS in infant patients were retrospectively analyzed, and related literature was summarized. Case presentation At the age of 8 months, brain MRI showed that the subarachnoid space of the forehead was widened, part of the sulci was deepened, and the corpus callosum was thin. The development quotient (DQ) was determined using the 0~6-year-old pediatric examination table of neuropsychological development at 6 months and 8 months. The DQ of both tests was less than 69. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous frameshift mutation c.3493_3494deTG in exon 12 of the ASXL3 gene, resulting in the amino acid change p. (Cys1165Ter). No variation was present at this site in her parents. Sanger sequencing of family members validated this analysis, suggesting a de novo mutation. The de novo ASXL3 mutations generated stop codons and were predicted, in silico, to generate a truncated ASXL3. Conclusions The main clinical features of the patient included psychomotor development retardation, difficulty in feeding, hypotonia, and special facial features. MRI features showed that brain development lagged behind that of normal children. Genetic testing is helpful in the early diagnosis of BRPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Yang
- Jinan Maternal and Child Care Hospital, No.2, Jianguo xiao jing-san Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Jinan Maternal and Child Care Hospital, No.2, Jianguo xiao jing-san Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, No. 105, Jiefang Road 250013, Jinan, 250011, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Jinan Maternal and Child Care Hospital, No.2, Jianguo xiao jing-san Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bingjuan Han
- Jinan Maternal and Child Care Hospital, No.2, Jianguo xiao jing-san Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yena Che
- Department of MRI, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jing-wu Road No. 324, Jinan, 250021, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingfei Guo
- Department of MRI, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jing-wu Road No. 324, Jinan, 250021, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Dubaj C, Czyż K, Furmaga-Jabłońska W. Vitamin B 12 deficiency as a cause of severe neurological symptoms in breast fed infant - a case report. Ital J Pediatr 2020; 46:40. [PMID: 32228659 PMCID: PMC7106665 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-020-0804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin B12 (cobalamin, cbl) deficiency in children is rare and may occurs in exclusively breast fed infants of mothers on vegetarian or vegan diet with lack of appropriate supplementation. The clinical manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency include neurological disorders, megaloblastic anemia and failure to thrive. Routine and commonly used laboratory tests such as cell blood count (CBC) or serum vitamin B12 level are sufficient for appropriate diagnosis. Typical therapy is based on intramuscular cobalamin injections. Early diagnosis and early onset of treatment are crucial factors for long-term prognosis of patients as the duration of deficiency may be correlated with the development of long lasting changes in the nervous system. The purpose of this article is to present influence of maternal vitamin B12 deficiency as a cause of infant psychomotor retardation. Case presentation We report the case of a 7 months old girl whose parents sought medical advice due to pathological somnolence and developmental regression of their daughter with onset approximately 2 months prior to the visit. Following several diagnostic tests it was determined that the infant’s symptoms were due to vitamin B12 deficiency which was secondary to the mother’s latent Addison-Biermer disease. Apart from neurological symptoms the infant also showed megaloblastic anemia which is typical to cobalamin deficiencies. Intramuscular vitamin B12 supplementation resulted in instant improvement of the patient’s general condition and blood morphology. Unfortunately, psychological examination indicated long-term psychomotor retardation due to delayed diagnosis of B12 deficiency. Conclusions Vitamin B12 levels should be considered during differential diagnosis of neurological symptoms in exclusively breast-fed infants especially if they co-exist with megaloblastic anemia and psychomotor retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Dubaj
- Department of Neonate and Infant Pathology, Medical University of Lublin, Prof. Gębali 6 str, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Czyż
- Department of Neonate and Infant Pathology, Medical University of Lublin, Prof. Gębali 6 str, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Wanda Furmaga-Jabłońska
- Department of Neonate and Infant Pathology, Medical University of Lublin, Prof. Gębali 6 str, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
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Horigome T, Sumali B, Kitazawa M, Yoshimura M, Liang KC, Tazawa Y, Fujita T, Mimura M, Kishimoto T. Evaluating the severity of depressive symptoms using upper body motion captured by RGB-depth sensors and machine learning in a clinical interview setting: A preliminary study. Compr Psychiatry 2020; 98:152169. [PMID: 32145559 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood disorders have long been known to affect motor function. While methods to objectively assess such symptoms have been used in experiments, those same methods have not yet been applied in clinical practice because the methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, or invasive. METHODS We videotaped the upper body of each subject using a Red-Green-Blue-Depth (RGB-D) sensor during a clinical interview setting. We then examined the relationship between depressive symptoms and body motion by comparing the head motion of patients with major depressive disorders (MDD) and bipolar disorders (BD) to the motion of healthy controls (HC). Furthermore, we attempted to predict the severity of depressive symptoms by using machine learning. RESULTS A total of 47 participants (HC, n = 16; MDD, n = 17; BD, n = 14) participated in the study, contributing to 144 data sets. It was found that patients with depression move significantly slower compared to HC in the 5th percentile and 50th percentile of motion speed. In addition, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)-17 scores correlated with 5th percentile, 50th percentile, and mean speed of motion. Moreover, using machine learning, the presence and/or severity of depressive symptoms based on HAMD-17 scores were distinguished by a kappa coefficient of 0.37 to 0.43. LIMITATIONS Limitations include the small number of subjects, especially the number of severe cases and young people. CONCLUSIONS The RGB-D sensor captured some differences in upper body motion between depressed patients and controls. If much larger samples are accumulated, machine learning may be useful in identifying objective measures for depression in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Horigome
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Brian Sumali
- Department of System Design Engineering, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Momoko Kitazawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michitaka Yoshimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuo-Ching Liang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Tazawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Fujita
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taishiro Kishimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Belvederi Murri M, Triolo F, Coni A, Tacconi C, Nerozzi E, Escelsior A, Respino M, Neviani F, Bertolotti M, Bertakis K, Chiari L, Zanetidou S, Amore M. Instrumental assessment of balance and gait in depression: A systematic review. Psychiatry Res 2020; 284:112687. [PMID: 31740213 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Psychomotor symptoms of depression are understudied despite having a severe impact on patient outcomes. This review aims to summarize the evidence on motor features of depression assessed with instrumental procedures, and examine age-related differences. We included studies investigating posture, balance and gait ascertained with instrumental measurements among individuals with depressive symptoms or disorders. Studies on subjects with specific physical illnesses were excluded. Methodological quality was assessed with the Newcastle - Ottawa Scale (NOS) and PRISMA guidelines were followed. 33 studies (13 case-control, five cross-sectional, nine longitudinal and six intervention) with overall low-medium quality were included. Different instruments were employed to assess posture (e.g. digital cameras), balance (balance, stepping platform) or gait (e.g. Six-Minute-Walking Test, instrumented walkways). Results suggest that depression in adults is associated with significant impairments of posture, balance and gait. Motor abnormalities among depressed older adults may depend on the interplay of physical diseases, cognitive impairment and mood. Very few intervention studies measured motor symptoms as outcome. Available evidence suggests, however, that antidepressant drugs and physical exercise may be beneficial for motor abnormalities. Despite the lack of high-quality studies, instrumental assessments confirm the presence and importance of motor abnormalities in depression, with potential age-related differences in their pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Belvederi Murri
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Institute of Psychiatry, Via Fossato di Mortara 64a, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Federico Triolo
- Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Alice Coni
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Electronics, Computer Science & Systems, University of Bologna, Italy.
| | - Carlo Tacconi
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Electronics, Computer Science & Systems, University of Bologna, Italy.
| | - Erika Nerozzi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Escelsior
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Italy.
| | - Matteo Respino
- Weill Cornell Medicine, White Plains, Institute for Geriatric Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francesca Neviani
- Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy.
| | - Marco Bertolotti
- Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy.
| | - Klea Bertakis
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Center for Healthcare Policy and Research, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.
| | - Lorenzo Chiari
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Electronics, Computer Science & Systems, University of Bologna, Italy.
| | - Stamatula Zanetidou
- Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
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Takano T, Nakabayashi K, Ota H, Arai Y, Kamura H, Hata K. Tetrasomy 21 pter→q21.3 due to an extra +dic(21;21)mat in a severely psychomotor-retarded female patient without Down syndrome phenotype. Eur J Med Genet 2019; 63:103824. [PMID: 31830537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.103824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Complete or partial tetrasomy 21 has been reported only in rare cases. We report a Japanese female patient with tetrasomy 21 due to an extra chromosome derived from chromosome 21 (Chr21). The patient had severe psychomotor retardation without Down syndrome (DS) phenotype; she showed short stature, microcephaly, round face, cleft lip and palate, and other dysmorphic features. The chromosome analyses for the patient detected an extra dicentric Chr21 consisting of two partial Chr21 copies fused together within their long arms. Her karyotype was revealed to be 47,XX,+dic(21;21). Allelic ratios of heterozygous SNPs observed in the patient indicated the maternal origin of the extra Chr21. Copy number and structural variant analyses using whole genome sequencing data indicated that the distal breakpoint of the dicentric Chr21 was located within 21q21.3 and that the extra Chr21 did not simply consist of inverted duplications of the pter→q21.3 region, but likely contained multiple partial deletions, duplications, and inversions within it. Fluorescence in situ hybridization results were consistent with the karyotype and genomic analyses. The patient's lack of DS phenotype turned out to be due to the normal copy number of the DS critical region (21q22.13-22.3). A possible molecular mechanism leading to the complex genomic rearrangements in the tetrasomic region consists mainly of breakage-fusion-bridge cycles with an unequal crossing-over event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Takano
- Department of Child Health, Tokyo Kasei University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Tobu Medical Center for Children with Developmental Disabilities, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hideomi Ota
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Tobu Medical Center for Children with Developmental Disabilities, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Arai
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Tobu Medical Center for Children with Developmental Disabilities, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kamura
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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Robin A, Sauvaget A, Deschamps T, Bulteau S, Thomas-Ollivier V. Combined Measures of Psychomotor and Cognitive Alterations as a Potential Hallmark for Bipolar Depression. Psychiatry Investig 2019; 16:954-957. [PMID: 31870090 PMCID: PMC6933132 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to examine whether specific features of psychomotor retardation (PMR) and cognitive functioning established different profiles in unipolar (UD) and bipolar depression (BD). METHODS Two groups of age-matched patients with UD (n=54) and BD (n=20) completed the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS/60), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA/30), and the Salpêtrière Retardation Rating Scale (SRRS/60). We analyzed the group effect and then performed intra-group analyses. RESULTS The BD patients have higher SRRS score, and lower MoCA score than UD despite no difference on the level of depression between UD and BD. Our results show that PMR can be predicted by the level of depression in UD and by the cognitive alteration and onset of disease in BD. CONCLUSION PMR is a relevant marker of depression. Our results highlight the importance of concomitant evaluation of psychomotor and cognitive functions in the distinction of UD and BD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Robin
- Laboratory “Movement, Interactions, Performance” (E.A. 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, University Hospital Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Sauvaget
- Laboratory “Movement, Interactions, Performance” (E.A. 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, University Hospital Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Thibault Deschamps
- Laboratory “Movement, Interactions, Performance” (E.A. 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Samuel Bulteau
- Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, University Hospital Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Véronique Thomas-Ollivier
- Laboratory “Movement, Interactions, Performance” (E.A. 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
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Lee CJ, Lee LT, Tsai HC, Chang WH, Lee IH, Chen KC, Chang HH, Chen PS, Yang YK. Factors related to metabolic parameters in medicated patients with major depressive disorder--a naturalistic study. Psychiatry Res 2018; 268:28-33. [PMID: 29986174 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the metabolic parameters, including body mass index (BMI), homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment-estimated pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA-β), and lipid plasma level, in medicated patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to assess factors related to metabolic parameters in patients with MDD. 121 patients with MDD and 63 controls were recruited. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Continuous Performance Test (CPT), and Finger-Tapping Test (FTT), were administered. BMI, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β were calculated as modifiable metabolic parameters. The FTT results and BMI in depressed patients were significantly poorer and lower, respectively, than those of the controls. However, no significant differences were noted between MDD patients and controls included metabolic parameters and other neuropsychological tests. Among depressed patients, higher BMI is significantly related with lower education, no tobacco use, and male. The result demonstrated metabolic parameters could be neutral among medicated patients with MDD, particularly in non-elderly Asian individuals. The deficits of psychomotor speed could be more prominent than other cognitive alterations in patient with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Jung Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Ting Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Chun Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Wei Hung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I Hui Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kao Chin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hui Hua Chang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po See Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen Kuang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Obeid T, Hamzeh AR, Saif F, Nair P, Mohamed M, Al-Ali MT, Bastaki F. Identification of a novel homozygous UNC80 variant in a child with infantile hypotonia with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies-2 (IHPRF2). Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:869-873. [PMID: 29430593 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0200-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The UNC80 gene encodes for a large component of the NALCN sodium-leak channel complex that regulates the basal excitability of the nervous system. In this study, we report on a novel homozygous mutation in UNC80 in a Palestinian-Emirati patient suffering infantile hypotonia with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies. This mutation was detected by whole exome sequencing and confirmed using Sanger sequencing in the patient-parents trio. Numerous elements in the patient's phenotype were in agreement with the few reported cases of UNC80 mutations; however there are some notable differences. We present comprehensive clinical and molecular accounts of this mutation in addition to a full review of previously reported patients of UNC80 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Obeid
- Department of Applied Biology/ Biotechnology Program, University of Sharjah, College of Sciences, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Fatima Saif
- Pediatric Department, Latifa Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pratibha Nair
- Centre for Arab Genomic Studies, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Madiha Mohamed
- Pediatric Department, Latifa Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Fatma Bastaki
- Pediatric Department, Latifa Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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22
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Sowińska-Seidler A, Olech EM, Socha M, Larysz D, Jamsheer A. Novel 1q22-q23.1 duplication in a patient with lambdoid and metopic craniosynostosis, muscular hypotonia, and psychomotor retardation. J Appl Genet 2018; 59:281-289. [PMID: 29845577 PMCID: PMC6060980 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-018-0447-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Craniosynostosis (CS) refers to the group of craniofacial malformations characterized by the premature closure of one or more cranial sutures. The disorder is clinically and genetically heterogeneous and occurs usually as an isolated trait, but can also be syndromic. In 30-60% of patients, CS is caused by known genetic factors; however, in the rest of the cases, causative molecular lesions remain unknown. In this paper, we report on a sporadic male patient affected by complex CS (metopic and unilateral lambdoid synostosis), muscular hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, and facial dysmorphism. Since a subset of CS results from submicroscopic chromosomal aberrations, we performed array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) in order to identify possibly causative copy-number variation. Array CGH followed by breakpoint sequencing revealed a previously unreported de novo 1.26 Mb duplication at chromosome 1q22-q23.1 that encompassed two genes involved in osteoblast differentiation: BGLAP, encoding osteocalcin (OCN), and LMNA, encoding lamin A/C. OCN is a major component of bone extracellular matrix and a marker of osteogenesis, whereas mutations in LMNA cause several genetic disorders called laminopathies, including mandibuloacral dysostosis (MAD) that manifests with low bone mass, severe bone deformities, and delayed closure of the cranial sutures. Since LMNA and BGLAP overexpression promote osteoblast differentiation and calcification, phenotype of our patient may result from misexpression of the genes. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that both LMNA and BGLAP may be implicated in the pathogenesis of CS in humans. However, further studies are needed to establish the exact pathomechanism underlying development of this defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sowińska-Seidler
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewelina M Olech
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Socha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dawid Larysz
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Maria Skłodowska Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aleksander Jamsheer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
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Murri MB, Ekkekakis P, Menchetti M, Neviani F, Trevisani F, Tedeschi S, Latessa PM, Nerozzi E, Ermini G, Zocchi D, Squatrito S, Toni G, Cabassi A, Neri M, Zanetidou S, Amore M. Physical exercise for late-life depression: Effects on symptom dimensions and time course. J Affect Disord 2018; 230:65-70. [PMID: 29407540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise is increasingly recognized as a treatment for major depression, even among older patients. However, it is still unknown which depressive symptoms exercise affects most, (e.g. somatic vs. affective) and the timing of its effects. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the changes of depressive symptoms after treatment with exercise. METHODS We analyzed data from the SEEDS study, a trial comparing the antidepressant effectiveness of sertraline (S) and sertraline plus exercise (S+EX). Exercise was delivered thrice weekly in small groups and monitored by heart rate meters. Patients with late life depression (n=121) were assessed at baseline, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks with the Hamilton Depression Scale. Scores of affective, vegetative, anxiety and agitation/insight factors were analyzed using Multilevel Growth Curve Models and sensitivity analyses (multiple imputation). RESULTS Compared with the S group, patients in the S+EX group displayed significantly greater improvements of the affective symptom dimension (total effect size = 0.79) with largest changes in the first 4 weeks and last 12 weeks. Improvements were mainly driven by depressed mood and psychomotor retardation. LIMITATIONS Sample size; lack of an exercise only treatment arm CONCLUSIONS: Adding exercise to antidepressant drug treatment may offer significant advantages over affective symptoms of depression, rather than somatic symptoms or other dimensions of depression. Compared with standard antidepressant treatment, clinical advantages should be expected both at an early (first 4 weeks) and later stage (after 12 weeks).
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Yin Y, Wang M, Wang Z, Xie C, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Yuan Y. Decreased cerebral blood flow in the primary motor cortex in major depressive disorder with psychomotor retardation. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 81:438-444. [PMID: 28823848 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Psychomotor retardation (PMR) is one of the core symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and has a specific pathophysiology, but studies of PMR remains sparse. The purpose of this study was to explore the cerebral blood flow (CBF) of PMR in MDD. One-hundred-seven antidepressant-free MDD patients and 48 normal controls (NCs) were recruited for this study. All subjects underwent arterial spin labeling-magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) for the CBF calculation. MDD patients were divided into the PMR group (N=35) and NPMR (non-PMR) group (N=72) according to the Salpetriere Retardation Rating Scale (SRRS) score. After a baseline MRI scan, patients began to receive antidepressant treatment. Thirty-nine patients (15 PMR, 24 NPMR) who were remitted after 8weeks participated in the follow-up MRI scan. For statistical analysis, subjects with unqualified MRI image and unmatched demographic data were ruled out. Consequently, 30 NCs and 60 patients (30 PMR, 30 NPMR) at baseline as well as 22 patients (11 PMR, 11 NPMR) at follow-up underwent statistical analysis. The PMR group showed significantly decreased CBF in the right primary motor cortex (PMC) at baseline, and the CBF value of the right PMC was significantly correlated with the SRRS score, whereas the CBF of the right PMC was increased in the PMR group at follow-up compared with the baseline in longitudinal comparison. Our findings suggest that the CBF of the right PMC is a potential biomarker of PMR in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yin
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Institute of Psychosomatics, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meijian Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ze Wang
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chunming Xie
- Department of Neurology, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Haisan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Institute of Psychosomatics, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Abstract
A 1q42 deletion is a rare structure variation that commonly harbours various deletion breakpoints along with diversified phenotypes. In our study, we found a de novo 1q42 deletion in a boy who did not have a cleft palate or a congenital diaphragmatic hernia but presented with psychomotor retardation. A 1.9 Mb deletion located within 1q42.11-q42.12 was validated at the molecular cytogenetic level. This is the first report of a 1q42.11-q42.12 deletion in a patient with onlypsychomotor retardation. The precise break points could facilitate the discovery of potential causative genes, such as LBR, EPHX1, etc. The correlation between the psychomotor retardation and the underlying genetic factors could not only shed light on the diagnosis of psychomotor retardation at the genetic level but also provide potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing He
- Experimental Animal Center, Research Institute for National Health and Family Planning Commission, Tai hui temple road, NO. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjun Xie
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Shu Kong
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Wenjun Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Xiaoman Wang
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Ding Wang
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Deming Sun
- Experimental Animal Center, Research Institute for National Health and Family Planning Commission, Tai hui temple road, NO. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China
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Deschamps T, Sauvaget A, Pichot A, Valrivière P, Maroulidès M, Bois A, Bulteau S, Thomas-Ollivier V. Posture-cognitive dual-tasking: A relevant marker of depression-related psychomotor retardation. An illustration of the positive impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 83:86-93. [PMID: 27580486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether postural control variables, particularly the center-of-pressure (COP) velocity-based parameters, could be a relevant hallmark of depression-related psychomotor retardation (PMR). We first aimed at investigating the interplay between the PMR scores and the COP performance in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), as compared to age-matched healthy controls; secondly, we focused on the impact of a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment on depression, PMR scores and postural performance. 16 MDD patients, and a control group of 16 healthy adults, were asked to maintain quiet standing balance during two trials with or without vision, and while backward counting (dual task). All the position and velocity-based COP variables were computed. Before and after the rTMS session (n eligible MDD = 10), we assessed the depression level with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the PMR scores with the French Retardation Rating Scale for Depression (ERD), and postural performance. Before the treatment, significant positive partial correlations were found between the pre-ERD scores and the velocity-based COP variables, especially in the dual-task conditions (p < 0.05). In contrast, there was no significant correlation between the post-ERD scores and any postural parameter after the treatment. The MADRS and ERD scores showed a significant decrease between before and after the rTMS intervention. For the first time, the findings clearly validated the view that the assessment of postural performance - easy to envisage in clinical settings-constitutes a reliable and objective marker of PMR in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Deschamps
- Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (E.A. 4334), University of Nantes, France.
| | - Anne Sauvaget
- CHU de Nantes, Service d'Addictologie et Psychiatrie de liaison, France; EA SPHERE 4275 Methods for Patients-centered outcomes and Health Research, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Pichot
- CHU de Nantes, Service d'Addictologie et Psychiatrie de liaison, France
| | - Pierre Valrivière
- CHU de Nantes, Service d'Addictologie et Psychiatrie de liaison, France
| | - Maxime Maroulidès
- Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (E.A. 4334), University of Nantes, France
| | - Aurore Bois
- Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (E.A. 4334), University of Nantes, France
| | - Samuel Bulteau
- CHU de Nantes, Service d'Addictologie et Psychiatrie de liaison, France
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27
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Beheydt LL, Schrijvers D, Docx L, Bouckaert F, Hulstijn W, Sabbe B. Cognitive and psychomotor effects of three months of escitalopram treatment in elderly patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2015; 188:47-52. [PMID: 26342888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although psychomotor retardation (PR) and cognitive disfunctioning are essential symptoms of elderly depressed patients, the differential effect of treatment with an SSRI in the elderly on these symptoms has hardly got any attention in studies with objective experimental measures. Since effects appear relatively slower in elderly, this study evaluates the effect on cognitive and psychomotor functioning as compared to mood, on four points during a twelve week follow up of monotreatment with escitalopram. METHOD 28 non-demented elderly unipolar depressive patients on 5-20mg escitalopram were compared to 20 matched healthy elderly. All participants underwent a test battery containing clinical depression measures, cognitive measures of processing speed, executive function and memory, clinical ratings of PR, and objective computerized fine motor skill-tests at the start and after 2, 6 and 12 weeks. Statistical analysis consisted of a General Linear Model (GLM) repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance of completers to compare the psychomotor and cognitive outcomes of the two groups. RESULTS Although, apart from the significant mood effect, no interaction effects were found for the psychomotor and cognitive tasks, the means in general show a trend of differential effects in cognitive and psychomotor functions, with smaller effects and delayed timeframes and with presence of subgroups compared to mood effects. LIMITATION Longer follow up studies are necessary to evaluate differential long term effects. CONCLUSION In elderly, moderate effects of SSRI treatment on mood precede slow or limited effects on cognition and psychomotor retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieve Lia Beheydt
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium; University Psychiatry Center, Psychiatric Hospital, Duffel, Belgium.
| | - Didier Schrijvers
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium; University Psychiatry Center, Psychiatric Hospital, Duffel, Belgium
| | - Lise Docx
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium; Psychiatric Hospital, Broeders Alexianen, Boechout, Belgium
| | - Filip Bouckaert
- University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Wouter Hulstijn
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bernard Sabbe
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium; University Psychiatry Center, Psychiatric Hospital, Duffel, Belgium
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28
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Gorwood P, Richard-Devantoy S, Baylé F, Cléry-Melin ML, Cléry-Melun ML. Psychomotor retardation is a scar of past depressive episodes, revealed by simple cognitive tests. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24:1630-40. [PMID: 25129432 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The cumulative duration of depressive episodes, and their repetition, has a detrimental effect on depression recurrence rates and the chances of antidepressant response, and even increases the risk of dementia, raising the possibility that depressive episodes could be neurotoxic. Psychomotor retardation could constitute a marker of this negative burden of past depressive episodes, with conflicting findings according to the use of clinical versus cognitive assessments. We assessed the role of the Retardation Depressive Scale (filled in by the clinician) and the time required to perform the neurocognitive d2 attention test and the Trail Making Test (performed by patients) in a sample of 2048 depressed outpatients, before and after 6 to 8 weeks of treatment with agomelatine. From this sample, 1140 patients performed the TMT-A and -B, and 508 performed the d2 test, at baseline and after treatment. At baseline, we found that with more past depressive episodes patients had more severe clinical level of psychomotor retardation, and that they needed more time to perform both d2 and TMT. When the analyses were performed again after treatment, and especially when the analyses were restricted to patients with clinical remission, the cognitive tests were the only ones correlated with past depressive episodes. Psychomotor retardation tested at a cognitive level was therefore systematically revealing the burden of past depressive episodes, with an increased weight for patients with less remaining symptoms. If prospectively confirmed, interventions such as cognitive remediation therapy could benefit from a more specific focus on neurocognitive retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gorwood
- CMME (Groupe Hospitalier Sainte-Anne), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; INSERM U894, Centre of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris 75014, France.
| | - S Richard-Devantoy
- Department of Psychiatry and Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - F Baylé
- SHU (Groupe Hospitalier Sainte-Anne), 7 rue Cabanis, Paris 75014, France
| | - M L Cléry-Melin
- CMME (Groupe Hospitalier Sainte-Anne), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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29
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Cho JH, Song ES, Kim HN, Oh BS, Choi YY. A chromosome 1q44 deletion in a 4-month-old girl; The first report in Korea. Korean J Pediatr 2014; 57:292-6. [PMID: 25076975 PMCID: PMC4115071 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2014.57.6.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The deletion of the distal long arm of chromosome 1 is associated with a characteristic facial appearance and a pattern of associated malformations. Characteristic manifestations include a round face with prominent 'cupid's bow' and downturned corners of the mouth, thin vermilion borders of lips, a long upper lip with a smooth philtrum, a short and broad nose, epicanthal folds, apparently low-set ears, micrognathia, microcephaly, abnormal hands and feet, variable cardiac or genital anomalies, moderate to severe mental retardation, and growth retardation. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to map precisely the deletion, we present a case of chromosome 1q44 deletion with craniofacial characteristics, multiple congenital anomalies, and growth and psychomotor retardation. In comparison with other reported cases of 1q43-44 deletion, the subject does not show hydrocephalus, seizure, syn- or polydactyly of hands, and a urogenital anomaly. However, an arachnoid cyst, pinpoint dimple on the midline of the forehead, a right-sided supernumerary nipple and auricular pit, polydactyly of the right foot, adducted thumb, and flexion restriction of the proximal interphalangeal joint with a simian line in both hands were observed additionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun Song Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hee Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Burm Seok Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young Youn Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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30
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Radovanović S, Jovičić M, Marić NP, Kostić V. Gait characteristics in patients with major depression performing cognitive and motor tasks while walking. Psychiatry Res 2014; 217:39-46. [PMID: 24613201 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Depressed patients demonstrate alterations in motor and cognitive functioning that can affect their adjustments to the variations in everyday life environment. The objective was to explore gait parameters and variability of patients with major depressive disorder in dual task walking situations. Eight patients and 20 healthy controls performed motor, mental and combined motor+mental tasks while walking. Calculated parameters were cycle time, stride length, swing time, double support time and their coefficients of variation (CV). Patients demonstrated greater gait variability (swing time CV) than controls during baseline walk (t(26)=2.64, p<0.05) and motor dual task (t(26)=3.68, p<0.05). Moreover, the transition from mental to combined task decreased stride length (M=126.48±15.35 and M=121.19±13.55, p<0.001) and increased double support time (M=0.266±0.072 and M=0.287±0.076, p<0.01) only in controls. Also, gait variability increased in controls during the combined task, while remaining the same or decreasing in patients. Tasks that required greater cognitive involvement affected gait variability in patients more than controls, but only up to a certain level, after which patients׳ stability appeared unaffected by the increase of cognitive demand. This could be explained by a tendency of patients to neglect complex cognitive tasks while walking in order to preserve stability and prevent possible falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saša Radovanović
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | - Nadja P Marić
- Clinic for Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Kostić
- Clinic for Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
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Ilamkar KR. Psychomotor Retardation, Attention Deficit and Executive Dysfunctional in Young Non-hospitalised Un-medicated Non-psychotic Unipolar Depression Patients. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:124-6. [PMID: 24701501 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/7221.4026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropsychological deficits have been reported in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) during an acute episode. The reaction time gives an idea about integrity and the processing ability of central nervous system. The simple reaction time task is an attention seeking task that focuses primarily on speed of processing (executive function). Psychomotor retardation (i.e., delay at the output which includes perceptual decision, planning, motor process) is a constant and probably central feature of depression. AIMS The purpose of present study was to evaluate the neuropsychological functioning in young non-hospitalised un-medicated non-psychotic unipolar depression by focusing on tasks related to prefrontal cortex functioning. MATERIALS AND METHODS Newly diagnosed young antidepressant-free, clinically depressed patients (20 males and 24 females, n=44) and healthy controls (24 males and 27 females, n=51) pair-wise matched on gender, age (mean age 25±4) were included in this study. All patients were diagnosed with major depressive episode according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Both the patients and healthy controls performed a simple reaction time task with components of alerting auditory and visual orientation of attention by an instrument response analyzer. Statistical Analysis : The performances were expressed in mean ± standard deviation of the reaction time by using the Student's unpaired t-test. RESULTS Patients with unipolar depression relative to controls were impaired on psychomotor performance and deficits in sustained attention remained significant. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest deficits in sustained attention as vulnerability marker for unipolar depression. With further methodologically sound research, the changes in neuropsychological function associated with treatment response may provide a means of evaluating different treatment strategies in major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamini Ramdas Ilamkar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology and Government Medical College , Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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Akpinar A, Yaman GB, Demirdas A, Onal S. Possible role of adrenomedullin and nitric oxide in major depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 46:120-5. [PMID: 23867466 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM) and nitric oxide (NO) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. ADM induces vasorelaxation by activating adenylate cyclase and stimulating the release of NO. These two molecules are known to influence cerebral activity. In this study, we aimed to examine the serum levels of ADM and NO in patients with major depression (MD). We enrolled 50 patients with MD and 50 healthy control subjects. The diagnosis of MD was established on the basis of a structured clinical interview using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). The severity of depressive symptoms was evaluated using Hamilton's 17-item Depression Rating Scale. The mean serum levels of ADM and NO in patients with MD were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (p=0.001, for both). The severity of psychomotor retardation in patients with MD was significantly correlated with the ADM (r=0.37, p=0.007) and NO levels (r=0.29, p=0.038). The patients with obvious psychomotor retardation had significantly higher levels of ADM and NO than did the patients with no psychomotor retardation (p=0.025, p=0.030). A significantly positive correlation was found between ADM and NO levels in patients with MD (r=0.79, p=0.001). Serum levels of ADM and NO levels were not correlated with the severity or duration of depression or depressive symptoms (except psychomotor retardation). In conclusion, our study indicates that serum levels of ADM and NO are elevated in patients with MD and that increased serum levels of ADM and NO may be associated with psychomotor retardation. The ADM-NO system may serve as a new target in the treatment of patients with MD and psychomotor retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Akpinar
- Department of Psychiatry, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey.
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Alonzo A, Chan G, Martin D, Mitchell PB, Loo C. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for depression: analysis of response using a three-factor structure of the Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale. J Affect Disord 2013; 150:91-5. [PMID: 23507370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be an effective treatment for depression. However, no study to date has profiled the antidepressant effects of tDCS using items or factors on depression symptom severity rating scales. This could potentially provide information about the mechanisms by which tDCS achieves its antidepressant effects and also identify clinical predictors of response. METHODS The present study analysed scores on the Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale (MADRS) from a randomised, sham-controlled trial of tDCS (Loo et al., 2012. British Journal of Psychiatry. 200, 52-59) using a three-factor model of MADRS items (Suzuki et al., 2005. Depression and Anxiety. 21, 95-97) encompassing dysphoria, retardation and vegetative symptoms. RESULTS Participants in the active tDCS treatment group showed significant improvement in dysphoria while participants in the sham treatment group did not. While both groups showed improvement in retardation symptoms, improvement was significantly greater in the active tDCS group. Both groups also showed improvement in vegetative symptoms but there were no between-group differences. LIMITATIONS Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to investigate the generalisability of results and whether the MADRS factor structure may change as a result of the specific treatment used. CONCLUSIONS tDCS appears to be particularly effective in treating dysphoria and retardation, but not vegetative symptoms of depression. This may have implications for selection of types of depression most likely to respond to this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Alonzo
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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