Stojković MR, Gonzalez-Garcia J, Šupljika F, Galiana-Rosello C, Guijarro L, Gazze SA, Francis LW, Piantanida I, Garcia-Espana E. Specific and highly efficient condensation of GC and IC DNA by polyaza pyridinophane derivatives.
Int J Biol Macromol 2018;
109:143-51. [PMID:
29247733 DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.156]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Two bis-polyaza pyridinophane derivatives and their monomeric reference compounds revealed strong interactions with ds-DNA and RNA. The bis-derivatives show a specific condensation of GC- and IC-DNA, which is almost two orders of magnitude more efficient than the well-known condensation agent spermine. The type of condensed DNA was identified as ψ-DNA, characterized by the exceptionally strong CD signals. At variance to the almost silent AT(U) polynucleotides, these strong CD signals allow the determination of GC-condensates at nanomolar nucleobase concentrations. Detailed thermodynamic characterisation by ITC reveals significant differences between the DNA binding of the bis-derivative compounds (enthalpy driven) and that of spermine and of their monomeric counterparts (entropy driven). Atomic force microscopy confirmed GC-DNA compaction by the bis-derivatives and the formation of toroid- and rod-like structures responsible for the ψ-type pattern in the CD spectra.
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