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Yokote K, Chanprasert S, Lee L, Eirich K, Takemoto M, Watanabe A, Koizumi N, Lessel D, Mori T, Hisama FM, Ladd PD, Angle B, Baris H, Cefle K, Palanduz S, Ozturk S, Chateau A, Deguchi K, Easwar TKM, Federico A, Fox A, Grebe TA, Hay B, Nampoothiri S, Seiter K, Streeten E, Piña-Aguilar RE, Poke G, Poot M, Posmyk R, Martin GM, Kubisch C, Schindler D, Oshima J. WRN Mutation Update: Mutation Spectrum, Patient Registries, and Translational Prospects. Hum Mutat 2016; 38:7-15. [PMID: 27667302 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a constellation of adult onset phenotypes consistent with an acceleration of intrinsic biological aging. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the WRN gene, which encodes a multifunctional nuclear protein with exonuclease and helicase activities. WRN protein is thought to be involved in optimization of various aspects of DNA metabolism, including DNA repair, recombination, replication, and transcription. In this update, we summarize a total of 83 different WRN mutations, including eight previously unpublished mutations identified by the International Registry of Werner Syndrome (Seattle, WA) and the Japanese Werner Consortium (Chiba, Japan), as well as 75 mutations already reported in the literature. The Seattle International Registry recruits patients from all over the world to investigate genetic causes of a wide variety of progeroid syndromes in order to contribute to the knowledge of basic mechanisms of human aging. Given the unusually high prevalence of WS patients and heterozygous carriers in Japan, the major goal of the Japanese Consortium is to develop effective therapies and to establish management guidelines for WS patients in Japan and elsewhere. This review will also discuss potential translational approaches to this disorder, including those currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sirisak Chanprasert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lin Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Katharina Eirich
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aki Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoko Koizumi
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Takayasu Mori
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Fuki M Hisama
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paula D Ladd
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brad Angle
- Advocate Lutheran General Hospital and Advocate Children's Hospital, Park Ridge, Illinois
| | - Hagit Baris
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus and Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kivanc Cefle
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey
| | - Sukru Palanduz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey
| | - Sukru Ozturk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey
| | - Antoinette Chateau
- Department of Dermatology, Greys Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Kentaro Deguchi
- Department of Neurology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Antonio Federico
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Unit Clinical Neurology and Neurometabolic Diseases, Medical School, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Amy Fox
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Theresa A Grebe
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Beverly Hay
- Division of Genetics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Karen Seiter
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Hawthorne, New York
| | - Elizabeth Streeten
- Division of Genetics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Gemma Poke
- Genetic Health Service NZ, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Martin Poot
- University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Renata Posmyk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Podlaskie Medical Center, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Perinatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - George M Martin
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Detlev Schindler
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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