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Lv Y, Li J, Yu S, Zhang Y, Hu H, Sun K, Jia D, Han Y, Tu J, Huang Y, Liu X, Zhang X, Gao P, Chen X, Shaw Williams MT, Tang Z, Shu X, Liu M, Ren X. The splicing factor Prpf31 is required for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell expansion during zebrafish embryogenesis. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105772. [PMID: 38382674 PMCID: PMC10959673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Pre-mRNA splicing is a precise regulated process and is crucial for system development and homeostasis maintenance. Mutations in spliceosomal components have been found in various hematopoietic malignancies (HMs) and have been considered as oncogenic derivers of HMs. However, the role of spliceosomal components in normal and malignant hematopoiesis remains largely unknown. Pre-mRNA processing factor 31 (PRPF31) is a constitutive spliceosomal component, which mutations are associated with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. PRPF31 was found to be mutated in several HMs, but the function of PRPF31 in normal hematopoiesis has not been explored. In our previous study, we generated a prpf31 knockout (KO) zebrafish line and reported that Prpf31 regulates the survival and differentiation of retinal progenitor cells by modulating the alternative splicing of genes involved in mitosis and DNA repair. In this study, by using the prpf31 KO zebrafish line, we discovered that prpf31 KO zebrafish exhibited severe defects in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion and its sequentially differentiated lineages. Immunofluorescence results showed that Prpf31-deficient HSPCs underwent malformed mitosis and M phase arrest during HSPC expansion. Transcriptome analysis and experimental validations revealed that Prpf31 deficiency extensively perturbed the alternative splicing of mitosis-related genes. Collectively, our findings elucidate a previously undescribed role for Prpf31 in HSPC expansion, through regulating the alternative splicing of mitosis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Lv
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangjun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hualei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Danna Jia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunqiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayi Tu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuwen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiliang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianghan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mark Thomas Shaw Williams
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinhua Shu
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mugen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Sun Y, Zhang L, Fang Z, Liu D, Shao M, Liu Y, Liao B, Jin Y. PRPF8 controls alternative splicing of PIRH2 to modulate the p53 pathway and survival of human ESCs. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1909-1920. [PMID: 37357506 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have great potential for developmental biology and regenerative medicine. However, extensive apoptosis often occurs when hESCs respond to various stresses or injuries. Understanding the molecular control and identifying new factors associated with hESC survival are fundamental to ensure the high quality of hESCs. In this study, we report that PRPF8, an RNA spliceosome component, is essential for hESC survival. PRPF8 knockdown (KD) induces p53 protein accumulation and activates the p53 pathway, leading to apoptosis in hESCs. Strikingly, silencing of p53 rescues PRPF8 KD-induced apoptosis, indicating that PRPF8 KD triggers hESC apoptosis through activating the p53 pathway. In search for the mechanism by which p53 pathway is activated by PRPF8 KD, we find that PRPF8 KD alters alternative splicing of many genes, including PIRH2 which encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase of p53. PIRH2 has several isoforms such as PIRH2A, PIRH2B, and PIRH2C. Intriguingly, PRPF8 KD specifically increases the transcript level of the PIRH2B isoform, which lacks a RING domain and E3 ligase activity. Functionally, PIRH2B KD partially rescues the reduction in cell numbers and upregulation of P21 caused by PRPF8 KD in hESCs. The finding suggests that PRPF8 controls alternative splicing of PIRH2 to maintain the balance of p53 pathway activity and survival of hESCs. The PRPF8/PIRH2/p53 axis identified here provides new insights into how p53 pathway and hESC survival are precisely regulated at multiple layers, highlighting an important role of posttranscriptional machinery in supporting hESC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoqing Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingyu Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jiang M, Zhang S, Yin H, Zhuo Z, Meng G. A comprehensive benchmarking of differential splicing tools for RNA-seq analysis at the event level. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:7108868. [PMID: 37020334 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA alternative splicing, a post-transcriptional stage in eukaryotes, is crucial in cellular homeostasis and disease processes. Due to the rapid development of the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and the flood of NGS data, the detection of differential splicing from RNA-seq data has become mainstream. A range of bioinformatic tools has been developed. However, until now, an independent and comprehensive comparison of available algorithms/tools at the event level is still lacking. Here, 21 different tools are subjected to systematic evaluation, based on simulated RNA-seq data where exact differential splicing events are introduced. We observe immense discrepancies among these tools. SUPPA, DARTS, rMATS and LeafCutter outperforme other event-based tools. We also examine the abilities of the tools to identify novel splicing events, which shows that most event-based tools are unsuitable for discovering novel splice sites. To improve the overall performance, we present two methodological approaches i.e. low-expression transcript filtering and tool-pair combination. Finally, a new protocol of selecting tools to perform differential splicing analysis for different analytical tasks (e.g. precision and recall rate) is proposed. Under this protocol, we analyze the distinct splicing landscape in the DUX4/IGH subgroup of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and uncover the differential splicing of TCF12. All codes needed to reproduce the results are available at https://github.com/mhjiang97/Benchmarking_DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shiyan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongxin Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhuo
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Guoyu Meng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
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Zhang C, Dong X, Yuan X, Song J, Wang J, Liu B, Wu K. Proteomic analysis implicates that postovulatory aging leads to aberrant gene expression, biosynthesis, RNA metabolism and cell cycle in mouse oocytes. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:112. [PMID: 36242049 PMCID: PMC9563439 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In mammals, oocytes display compromised quality after experiencing a process of postovulatory aging. However, the mechanisms underlying are not yet fully understood. Here, we portrayed a protein expression profile of fresh and aging metaphase II (MII) mouse oocytes by means of four-dimensional label-free quantification mass spectrometry (4D-LFQ). Results The analysis of 4D-LFQ data illustrated that there were seventy-six differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between two groups of MII stage oocytes. Fifty-three DEPs were up-regulated while twenty-three DEPs were down-regulated in the MII oocytes of the aging group, and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that these DEPs were mainly enriched in regulation of gene expression, biosynthesis, RNA metabolism and cell cycle. Our detailed analysis revealed that the expression of proteins that related to gene expression processes such as transcription, translation, post-translational modifications and epigenome was changed; the relative protein expression of RNA metabolic processes, such as RNA alternative splicing, RNA export from nucleus and negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter was also altered. Conclusion In conclusion, we identified considerable DEPs and discussed how they agreed with previous researches illustrating altered protein expression associated with the quality of oocytes. Our research provided a new perspective on the mechanisms of postovulatory aging and established a theoretical support for practical methods to control and reverse postovulatory aging. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-022-01045-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xueqi Dong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyi Yuan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinzhu Song
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Boyang Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Keliang Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Li Y, Xu J, Lu Y, Bian H, Yang L, Wu H, Zhang X, Zhang B, Xiong M, Chang Y, Tang J, Yang F, Zhao L, Li J, Gao X, Xia M, Tan M, Li J. DRAK2 aggravates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression through SRSF6-associated RNA alternative splicing. Cell Metab 2021; 33:2004-2020.e9. [PMID: 34614409 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an advanced stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with serious consequences that currently lacks approved pharmacological therapies. Recent studies suggest the close relationship between the pathogenesis of NAFLD and the dysregulation of RNA splicing machinery. Here, we reveal death-associated protein kinase-related apoptosis-inducing kinase-2 (DRAK2) is markedly upregulated in the livers of both NAFLD/NASH patients and NAFLD/NASH diet-fed mice. Hepatic deletion of DRAK2 suppresses the progression of hepatic steatosis to NASH. Comprehensive analyses of the phosphoproteome and transcriptome indicated a crucial role of DRAK2 in RNA splicing and identified the splicing factor SRSF6 as a direct binding protein of DRAK2. Further studies demonstrated that binding to DRAK2 inhibits SRSF6 phosphorylation by the SRSF kinase SRPK1 and regulates alternative splicing of mitochondrial function-related genes. In conclusion, our findings reveal an indispensable role of DRAK2 in NAFLD/NASH and offer a potential therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hua Bian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Honghong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Beilei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Maoqian Xiong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yafei Chang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mingfeng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Minjia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jingya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
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Zhang K, Yin Y, Pei C, Wu C. MicroRNA-124 regulates lens epithelial cell apoptosis by affecting Fas alternative splicing by targeting polypyrimidine tract-binding protein in age-related cataract. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 49:591-605. [PMID: 34008270 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related cataract (ARC) is a primary cause of visual blindness worldwide. Lens epithelial cell (LEC) apoptosis, in which Fas plays an essential role, is a vital cytological basis for cataractogenesis. However, the regulatory mechanism of Fas-dependent LEC apoptosis is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate whether MicroRNA (miRNA)-124 can regulate LEC apoptosis by targeting polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) and thereby affecting Fas alternative splicing in ARC. METHODS Lens capsule samples from patients with ARC and cornea donors with a transparent lens were collected. HLE-B3 cells were cultured and treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) to establish an apoptosis model in LECs. The expression of miRNA-124, PTB, Fas, and Fas isoforms in tissues and cell lines was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and flow cytometry. The miRNA-124 mimic and inhibitor were transfected into HLE-B3 cells, and the effects of the miRNA-124/PTB/Fas pathway in LECs were assessed by analysis of their related targets. RESULTS High expression of miRNA-124 and membrane Fas (mFas) mRNA and decreased PTB expression were observed in the lens capsule samples. In cells undergoing H2 O2 -induced apoptosis, mFas expression was increased, accompanied by decreased PTB and increased miRNA-124 expression. Subsequently, miRNA-124 upregulation suppressed PTB expression, elevated the mFas level without affecting total Fas expression and promoted apoptosis; miRNA-124 downregulation exerted the opposite effects. CONCLUSION This study revealed that miRNA-124 promotes LEC apoptosis in ARC by upregulating mFas through targeted inhibition of PTB. Moreover, the identification of the miRNA-124/PTB/Fas pathway provides novel insight into Fas-dependent LEC apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Yin
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng Pei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Changrui Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Han Y, Zhu L, Li L, Wang Y, Zhao M, Wang K, Sun C, Chen J, Liu L, Chen P, Lei J, Wang Y, Zhang M. Characteristics of RNA alternative splicing and its potential roles in ginsenoside biosynthesis in a single plant of ginseng, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. Mol Genet Genomics 2021; 296:971-983. [PMID: 34008042 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-021-01792-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RNA alternative splicing (AS) is prevalent in higher organisms and plays a paramount role in biology; therefore, it is crucial to have comprehensive knowledge on AS to understand biology. However, knowledge is limited about how AS activates in a single plant and functions in a biological process. Ginseng is one of the most widely used medicinal herbs that is abundant in a number of medicinal bioactive components, especially ginsenosides. In this study, we sequenced the transcripts of 14 organs from a 4-year-old ginseng plant and quantified their ginsenoside contents. We identified AS genes by analyzing their transcripts with the ginseng genome and verified their AS events by PCR. The plant had a total of 13,863 AS genes subjected to 30,801 AS events with five mechanisms: skipped exon, retained intron, alternative 5'splice site, alternative 3' splice site, and mutually exclusive exon. The genes that were more conserved, had more exons, and/or expressed across organs were more likely to be subjected to AS. AS genes were enriched in over 500 GO terms in the plant even though the number of AS gene-enriched GO terms varied across organs. At least 24 AS genes were found to be involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis. These AS genes were significantly up-enriched and more likely to form a co-expression network, thus suggesting the functions of AS and correlations of the AS genes in the process. This study provides comprehensive insights into the molecular characteristics and biological functions of AS in a single plant; thus, helping better understand biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilai Han
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Mingzhu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Kangyu Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Chunyu Sun
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Lingyu Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Ping Chen
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Jun Lei
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
| | - Meiping Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
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Boudreault S, Roy P, Lemay G, Bisaillon M. Viral modulation of cellular RNA alternative splicing: A new key player in virus-host interactions? Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA 2019; 10:e1543. [PMID: 31034770 PMCID: PMC6767064 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Upon viral infection, a tug of war is triggered between host cells and viruses to maintain/gain control of vital cellular functions, the result of which will ultimately dictate the fate of the host cell. Among these essential cellular functions, alternative splicing (AS) is an important RNA maturation step that allows exons, or parts of exons, and introns to be retained in mature transcripts, thereby expanding proteome diversity and function. AS is widespread in higher eukaryotes, as it is estimated that nearly all genes in humans are alternatively spliced. Recent evidence has shown that upon infection by numerous viruses, the AS landscape of host‐cells is affected. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of how virus infection impacts the AS of cellular transcripts. We also present various molecular mechanisms allowing viruses to modulate cellular AS. Finally, the functional consequences of these changes in the RNA splicing signatures during virus–host interactions are discussed. This article is categorized under:RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Boudreault
- Département de biochimie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Patricia Roy
- Département de biochimie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Guy Lemay
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin Bisaillon
- Département de biochimie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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Zhang M, Liu YH, Chang CS, Zhi H, Wang S, Xu W, Smith CW, Zhang HB. Quantification of gene expression while taking into account RNA alternative splicing. Genomics 2018; 111:1517-1528. [PMID: 30366041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression has been widely used in functional genomics research; however, the gene expressions quantified with different methods have been frequently inconsistent, thus challenging the conclusions from such research. Here we have addressed this issue, while taking into account RNA alternative splicing. We found that when a gene was subjected to RNA alternative splicing, it was impossible or difficult to properly quantify the expression of a transcript of the gene or its overall expression using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Northern hybridization, microarray, or serial analysis of gene expression. Shot-gun RNA-seq was the most proper to quantify the expression of a transcript or a gene in such cases. Moreover, the expressions of individual transcripts quantified by shot-gun RNA-seq were highly reproducible (r = 0.90-0.98) between individuals. Therefore, shot-gun or full-length RNA-seq should be the method of choice to properly quantify the expression of a transcript or a gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiping Zhang
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2474, United States.
| | - Yun-Hua Liu
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2474, United States.
| | - Chih-Sheng Chang
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2474, United States
| | - Hui Zhi
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2474, United States
| | - Shichen Wang
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Service, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX, 77845, United States.
| | - Wenwei Xu
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Lubbock, TX 79403, United States.
| | - C Wayne Smith
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2474, United States.
| | - Hong-Bin Zhang
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2474, United States.
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Sun B, Tao L, Zheng YL. Simultaneous quantification of alternatively spliced transcripts in a single droplet digital PCR reaction. Biotechniques 2014; 56:319-25. [PMID: 24924392 DOI: 10.2144/000114179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is an essential component required for telomerase activity and telomere maintenance. Several alternatively spliced forms of hTERT mRNA have been reported in human primary and tumor cells. Currently, however, there is no sensitive and accurate method for the simultaneous quantification of multiple alternatively spliced RNA transcripts, such as in the case of hTERT. Here we show droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) provides sensitive, simultaneous digital quantification in a single reaction of two alternatively spliced single deletion hTERT transcripts (α-/β+ and α+/β-) as well as the opportunity to manually quantify non-deletion (α+/β+) and double deletion (α-/β-) transcripts. Our ddPCR method enables direct comparison among four alternatively spliced mRNAs without the need for internal standards or multiple primer pairs specific for each variant as real-time PCR (qPCR) requires, thus eliminating potential variation due to differences in PCR amplification efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Sun
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Lian Tao
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Yun-Ling Zheng
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
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