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Pollreisz A, Gasser-Steiner V, Gerendas B, Mennel S, Radda S, Sacu S, Scholda C, Stolba U, Wedrich A. [Diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of diabetic eye disease (Update 2023)]. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2023; 135:195-200. [PMID: 37101041 PMCID: PMC10133029 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-022-02119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus can cause diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, optic neuropathy, cataract or dysfunction of the eye muscles. The incidence of these disorders correlates with disease duration and quality of metabolic control. Regular ophthalmological examinations are needed to prevent sight-threatening advanced stages of diabetic eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Pollreisz
- Universitätsklinik für Augenheilkunde und Optometrie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich.
| | | | - Bianca Gerendas
- Universitätsklinik für Augenheilkunde und Optometrie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich
| | - Stefan Mennel
- Abteilung für Augenheilkunde, Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Österreich
| | - Stephan Radda
- Abteilung für Augenheilkunde, Hanusch-Krankenhaus, Wien, Österreich
| | - Stefan Sacu
- Universitätsklinik für Augenheilkunde und Optometrie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich
| | - Christoph Scholda
- Universitätsklinik für Augenheilkunde und Optometrie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich
| | | | - Andreas Wedrich
- Universitäts-Augenklinik, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich
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Gauldin D, Ahmad KT, Ferguson S, Uwaydat SH. Exposure of Contralateral Eyes to Laser Radiation during Retinal Photocoagulation. Curr Eye Res 2021; 46:1424-1427. [PMID: 33615938 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1884729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose/Aim: To investigate the risk of laser damage to the unprotected fellow eye of patients undergoing laser retinal photocoagulation with 532 nm diode pumped solid-state laser.Materials and Methods: A mannequin head was fitted with a Vega laser energy meter and PD10 photodiode laser measurement sensor. Lowest measurable energy for this sensor is 2 nJ at 900 nm. Simulated retinal laser treatments were performed on a model eye placed in one of the sockets of the mannequin head, while the laser sensor was placed in the opposite socket. Four simulated sessions of retinal photocoagulation were performed utilizing both slit lamp and indirect laser delivery systems. Each consisted of 10 applications of the laser directly into the model eye and 10 applications near but not directly into the sensor, utilizing various treatment settings.Results: No laser exposure was detected in the model eye during simulated retinal photocoagulation sessions aimed directly into the treatment eye. When the laser application was aimed near the sensor, no laser exposure was detected at the standard setting, however, in all sessions conducted at the higher laser power setting, the mean exposure detected was <6 µJConclusions: Laser exposure in the unprotected contralateral eye of patients undergoing retinal laser treatment with the PASCAL laser machine under standard PRP settings was found to be miniscule. However, we still recommend laser safety eyewear for the untreated eye to provide protection in the event of direct accidental laser exposure from surgeon error or laser malfunction, in accordance with the most current laser safety guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Gauldin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Kinza T Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Scott Ferguson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Sami H Uwaydat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Arimura S, Takamura Y, Miyake S, Gozawa M, Iwasaki K, Tomomatsu T, Matsumura T, Inatani M. The effect of triamcinolone acetonide or bevacizumab on the levels of proinflammatory cytokines after retinal laser photocoagulation in pigmented rabbits. Exp Eye Res 2016; 149:1-7. [PMID: 27296072 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although laser photocoagulation is a gold standard for the treatment of retinal ischemic diseases, thermal burn induces the inflammation and the progression of macular edema. To prevent this complication, combination therapy using anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs or steroids is clinically utilized, however the mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the changes in inflammatory and angiogenic cytokine levels in aqueous humor and vitreous body after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) or triamcinolone (IVTA), as well as sub-Tenon injection of triamcinolone (STTA) after retinal laser photocoagulation in rabbits. Pigmented rabbits were treated with retinal laser photocoagulation and divided into 4 groups, namely Control (no additional treatment), IVB, IVTA or STTA accordingly. Samples of vitreous and aqueous humor were collected on post-treatment days 0, 1, 7 and 14. The levels of intraocular VEGF, interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) were measured using an immunoassay. The levels of VEGF, IL-6, ICAM-1 and MCP-1 were significantly elevated 1 day after laser treatment. IVTA and STTA significantly reduced the increase in the levels of VEGF, IL-6, ICAM-1 and MCP-1, while IVB reduced that of VEGF only in aqueous humor and vitreous body. The protein amount in the aqueous humor transiently increased 1 day after laser, and was significantly prevented by IVTA or STTA but not IVB. Data showed that bevacizumab only reduced intraocular VEGF after laser, while triamcinolone suppressed both the expression of VEGF and proinflammatory cytokines. We propose that these cytokine profiles may play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammation after photocoagulation and the underlying mechanism of treatment with anti-VEGF drug and steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Arimura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui-ken, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui-ken, 910-1193, Japan.
| | - Seiji Miyake
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui-ken, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Makoto Gozawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui-ken, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Kentaro Iwasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui-ken, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tomomatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui-ken, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Takehiro Matsumura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui-ken, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Masaru Inatani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui-ken, 910-1193, Japan
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