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Yahiro I, Sato O, Mohapatra S, Mukai K, Toyoda A, Itoh T, Matsuyama M, Chakraborty T, Ohta K. SDF-1/CXCR4 signal is involved in the induction of Primordial Germ Cell migration in a model marine fish, Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 351:114476. [PMID: 38408712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are pivotal for gonadal development and reproductive success. Though artificial induction of sterility by targeting PGCs are gaining popularity due to its advantages in fish surrogacy and biodiversity management, it is often skill and time intensive. In this study, we have focused on understanding the role of PGCs and the chemotactic SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling on gonad development of Japanese anchovy (JA, Engraulis japonicus), an upcoming marine model organism with eco-commercial values, with an aim to develop a novel, easy, and versatile gonad sterilization method. Our data showed that PGC migration related genes, i.e., sdf-1a, sdf-1b, cxcr4a, cxcr4b and vasa, are phylogenetically closer relatives of respective herring (Clupea harengus) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) homolog. Subsequently, PGC marking and live tracing experiments confirmed that PGC migration in JA initiates from 16 hours post fertilization (hpf) followed by PGC settlement in the gonadal ridge at 44 hpf. We found that overexpression of zebrafish sdf-1a mRNA in the germ cell suppresses cxcr4a and increases cxcr4b transcription at 8 hpf, dose dependently disrupts PGC migration at 24-48 hpf, induces PGC death and upregulates sdf-1b at 5 days post hatching. 48 h of immersion treatment with CXCR4 antagonist (AMD3100, Abcam) also accelerated PGC mismigration and pushed the PGC away from gonadal ridge in a dose responsive manner, and further when grown to adulthood caused germ cell less gonad formation in some individuals. Cumulatively, our data, for the first time, suggests that JA PGC migration is largely regulated by SDF1/CXCR4 signaling, and modulation of this signaling has strong potential for sterile, germ cell less gonad preparation at a mass scale. However, further in-depth analysis is pertinent to apply this methodology in marine fish species to successfully catapult Japanese anchovy into a true marine fish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Yahiro
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Oga Sato
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Sipra Mohapatra
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Aqua-Bioresource Innovation Center, Kyushu University, Saga 847-8511, Japan
| | - Koki Mukai
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Nagasaki 853-0508, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Takehiko Itoh
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsuyama
- Aqua-Bioresource Innovation Center, Kyushu University, Saga 847-8511, Japan
| | - Tapas Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Aqua-Bioresource Innovation Center, Kyushu University, Saga 847-8511, Japan.
| | - Kohei Ohta
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Aqua-Bioresource Innovation Center, Kyushu University, Saga 847-8511, Japan.
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