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Cuinat S, Quélin C, Pasquier L, Loget P, Aussel D, Odent S, Laquerrière A, Proisy M, Mazoyer S, Delous M, Edery P, Chatron N, Lesca G, Putoux A. PHGDH-related microcephalic dwarfism in two fetuses: Expanding the phenotypical spectrum of L- serine biosynthesis defect. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104852. [PMID: 37758168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Defects in L-serine biosynthesis are a group of autosomal recessive diseases resulting in a wide phenotypic spectrum ranging from viable to lethal presentations and caused by variants in the three genes encoding the L-serine biosynthesis enzymes, PHGDH, PSAT1, and PSPH. Neu-Laxova syndrome (NLS) is the fetal form of this group, characterized by multiple congenital anomalies including severe intrauterine growth retardation, cutaneous lesions extending from ichthyosis to severe restrictive dermopathy with ectropion and eclabion, edema, microcephaly, central nervous system abnormalities, and flexion contractures. Here we report on two unrelated fetuses with an attenuated phenotype of NLS, that initially evoked Taybi-Linder syndrome. They carry biallelic pathogenic variants in the PHGDH gene. These observations expand the phenotypic continuum of L-serine biosynthesis defects, and illustrate the phenotypic overlap between NLS and microcephalic primordial dwarfism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvestre Cuinat
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Génétique, Centre Labélisé Anomalies du Développement CLAD Sud-Est, Lyon, France.
| | - Chloé Quélin
- CHU Hôpital Sud, Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, France; CHU Pontchaillou, Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Rennes, France
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- CHU Hôpital Sud, Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, France
| | - Philippe Loget
- CHU Pontchaillou, Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Aussel
- Clinique La Sagesse, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- CHU Hôpital Sud, Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, France
| | - Annie Laquerrière
- CHU de Rouen Laboratoire d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Institut de biologie clinique, Rouen, France
| | - Maia Proisy
- CHU de Brest, Département de Radiologie, Brest University, 29609, Brest, Cedex, France
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, équipe GENDEV, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR5292 UCBL1, Lyon, France
| | - Marion Delous
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, équipe GENDEV, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR5292 UCBL1, Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Edery
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Génétique, Centre Labélisé Anomalies du Développement CLAD Sud-Est, Lyon, France; Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, équipe GENDEV, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR5292 UCBL1, Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Chatron
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Génétique, Centre Labélisé Anomalies du Développement CLAD Sud-Est, Lyon, France; Institut Neuromyogène, Laboratoire Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, Equipe Métabolisme énergétique et développement neuronal, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Génétique, Centre Labélisé Anomalies du Développement CLAD Sud-Est, Lyon, France; Institut Neuromyogène, Laboratoire Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, Equipe Métabolisme énergétique et développement neuronal, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Putoux
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Génétique, Centre Labélisé Anomalies du Développement CLAD Sud-Est, Lyon, France; Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, équipe GENDEV, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR5292 UCBL1, Lyon, France.
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Ferreira CR, Goorden SMI, Soldatos A, Byers HM, Ghauharali-van der Vlugt JMM, Beers-Stet FS, Groden C, van Karnebeek CD, Gahl WA, Vaz FM, Jiang X, Vernon HJ. Deoxysphingolipid precursors indicate abnormal sphingolipid metabolism in individuals with primary and secondary disturbances of serine availability. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 124:204-209. [PMID: 29789193 PMCID: PMC6057808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Patients with primary serine biosynthetic defects manifest with intellectual disability, microcephaly, ichthyosis, seizures and peripheral neuropathy. The underlying pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy in these patients has not been elucidated, but could be related to a decrease in the availability of certain classical sphingolipids, or to an increase in atypical sphingolipids. Here, we show that patients with primary serine deficiency have a statistically significant elevation in specific atypical sphingolipids, namely deoxydihydroceramides of 18-22 carbons in acyl length. We also show that patients with aberrant plasma serine and alanine levels secondary to mitochondrial disorders also display peripheral neuropathy along with similar elevations of atypical sphingolipids. We hypothesize that the etiology of peripheral neuropathy in patients with primary mitochondrial disorders is related to this elevation of deoxysphingolipids, in turn caused by increased availability of alanine and decreased availability of serine. These findings could have important therapeutic implications for the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Ferreira
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - S M I Goorden
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Soldatos
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H M Byers
- Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - F S Beers-Stet
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Groden
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C D van Karnebeek
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W A Gahl
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - F M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - X Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - H J Vernon
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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