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Mbwambo SH, Mbago MC, Rao GS. Socio-environmental predictors of diabetes incidence disparities in Tanzania mainland: a comparison of regression models for count data. BMC Med Res Methodol 2024; 24:75. [PMID: 38532325 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-024-02166-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is one of the top four non-communicable diseases that cause death and illness to many people around the world. This study aims to use an efficient count data model to estimate socio-environmental factors associated with diabetes incidences in Tanzania mainland, addressing lack of evidence on the efficient count data model for estimating factors associated with disease incidences disparities. METHODS This study analyzed diabetes counts in 184 Tanzania mainland councils collected in 2020. The study applied generalized Poisson, negative binomial, and Poisson count data models and evaluated their adequacy using information criteria and Pearson chi-square values. RESULTS The data were over-dispersed, as evidenced by the mean and variance values and the positively skewed histograms. The results revealed uneven distribution of diabetes incidence across geographical locations, with northern and urban councils having more cases. Factors like population, GDP, and hospital numbers were associated with diabetes counts. The GP model performed better than NB and Poisson models. CONCLUSION The occurrence of diabetes can be attributed to geographical locations. To address this public health issue, environmental interventions can be implemented. Additionally, the generalized Poisson model is an effective tool for analyzing health information system count data across different population subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauda Hatibu Mbwambo
- Department of Statistics, Dar es Salaam, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35047, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Dodoma, P.O. Box 338, Dodoma, Tanzania.
| | - Maurice C Mbago
- Department of Statistics, Dar es Salaam, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35047, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Gadde Srinivasa Rao
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Dodoma, P.O. Box 338, Dodoma, Tanzania
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Romadhon YA, Kurniati YP, Jumadi J, Alesheikh AA, Lotfata A. Analyzing socio-environmental determinants of bone and soft tissue cancer in Indonesia. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:206. [PMID: 38350928 PMCID: PMC10865616 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11974-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is designed to explore the potential impact of individual and environmental residential factors as risk determinants for bone and soft tissue cancers, with a particular focus on the Indonesian context. While it is widely recognized that our living environment can significantly influence cancer development, there has been a notable scarcity of research into how specific living environment characteristics relate to the risk of bone and soft tissue cancers. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, we analyzed the medical records of oncology patients treated at Prof. Suharso National Referral Orthopedic Hospital. The study aimed to assess tumor malignancy levels and explore the relationships with socio-environmental variables, including gender, distance from the sea, sunrise time, altitude, and population density. Data were gathered in 2020 from diverse sources, including medical records, Google Earth, and local statistical centers. The statistical analyses employed Chi-square and logistic regression techniques with the support of Predictive Analytics SoftWare (PASW) Statistics 18. RESULTS Both bivariate and multivariate analyses revealed two significant factors associated with the occurrence of bone and soft tissue cancer. Age exhibited a statistically significant influence (OR of 5.345 and a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05), indicating a robust connection between cancer development and age. Additionally, residing within a distance of less than 14 km from the sea significantly affected the likelihood of bone and soft tissue cancers OR 5.604 and p-value (0.001 < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study underscores the strong association between age and the development of these cancers, emphasizing the need for heightened vigilance and screening measures in older populations. Moreover, proximity to the sea emerges as another noteworthy factor influencing cancer risk, suggesting potential environmental factors at play. These results highlight the multifaceted nature of cancer causation and underscore the importance of considering socio-environmental variables when assessing cancer risk factors. Such insights can inform more targeted prevention and early detection strategies, ultimately contributing to improved cancer management and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Alam Romadhon
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, 57162, Indonesia
- Centre for Chronical Disease, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, 57162, Indonesia
| | - Yuni Prastyo Kurniati
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, 57162, Indonesia
| | - Jumadi Jumadi
- Centre for Chronical Disease, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, 57162, Indonesia
- Faculty of Geography, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, 57162, Indonesia
| | - Ali Asghar Alesheikh
- Department of Geospatial Information Systems, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Aynaz Lotfata
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA
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Jochum F, Hamy AS, Gougis P, Dumas É, Grandal B, Laas E, Feron JG, Gaillard T, Girard N, Pauly L, Gauroy E, Darrigues L, Hotton J, Lecointre L, Reyal F, Akladios C, Lecuru F. Effects of gender and socio-environmental factors on health-care access in oncology: a comprehensive, nationwide study in France. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 65:102298. [PMID: 37965434 PMCID: PMC10641482 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gender-based disparities in health-care are common and can affect access to care. We aimed to investigate the impact of gender and socio-environmental indicators on health-care access in oncology in France. Methods Using the national health insurance system database in France, we identified patients (aged ≥18 years) who were diagnosed with solid invasive cancers between the 1st of January 2018 and the 31st of December 2019. We ensured that only incident cases were identified by excluding patients with an existing cancer diagnosis in 2016 and 2017; skin cancers other than melanoma were also excluded. We extracted 71 socio-environmental variables related to patients' living environment and divided these into eight categories: inaccessibility to public transport, economic deprivation, unemployment, gender-related wage disparities, social isolation, educational barriers, familial hardship, and insecurity. We employed a mixed linear regression model to assess the influence of age, comorbidities, and all eight socio-environmental indices on health-care access, while evaluating the interaction with gender. Health-care access was measured using absolute and relative cancer care expertise indexes. Findings In total, 594,372 patients were included: 290,658 (49%) women and 303,714 (51%) men. With the exception of unemployment, all socio-environmental indices, age, and comorbidities were inversely correlated with health-care access. However, notable interactions with gender were observed, with a stronger association between socio-environmental factors and health-care access in women than in men. In particular, inaccessibility to public transport (coefficient for absolute cancer care expertise index = -1.10 [-1.22, -0.99], p < 0.0001), familial hardship (-0.64 [-0.72, -0.55], p < 0.0001), social isolation (-0.38 [-0.46, -0.30], p < 0.0001), insecurity (-0.29 [-0.37, -0.21], p < 0.0001), and economic deprivation (-0.13 [-0.19, -0.07], p < 0.0001) had a strong negative impact on health-care access in women. Interpretation Access to cancer care is determined by a complex interplay of gender and various socio-environmental factors. While gender is a significant component, it operates within the context of multiple socio-environmental influences. Future work should focus on developing targeted interventions to address these multifaceted barriers and promote equitable health-care access for both genders. Funding None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Jochum
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
- Department of Gynecology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Hamy
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Paul Gougis
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Élise Dumas
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Beatriz Grandal
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Enora Laas
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Thomas Gaillard
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Noemie Girard
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Lea Pauly
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Gauroy
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Lauren Darrigues
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Judicael Hotton
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Godinot, Reims, France
| | - Lise Lecointre
- Department of Gynecology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Reyal
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cherif Akladios
- Department of Gynecology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Lecuru
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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Ellefsen R, Wüsthoff LEC, Arnevik EA. Patients' satisfaction with heroin-assisted treatment: a qualitative study. Harm Reduct J 2023; 20:73. [PMID: 37312181 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-023-00808-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heroin-assisted treatment (HAT) involves supervised dispensing of medical heroin (diacetylmorphine) for people with opioid use disorder. Clinical evidence has demonstrated the effectiveness of HAT, but little is known about the self-reported satisfaction among the patients who receive this treatment. This study presents the first empirical findings about the patients' experiences of, and satisfaction with, HAT in the Norwegian context. METHODS Qualitative in-depth interviews with 26 patients in HAT were carried out one to two months after their enrollment. Analysis sought to identify the main benefits and challenges that the research participants experienced with this treatment. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted to identify the main areas of benefits and challenges. The benefits were weighed against the challenges in order to assess the participants' overall level of treatment satisfaction. RESULTS Analysis identified three different areas of experienced benefits and three areas of challenges of being in this treatment. It outlines how the participants' everyday lives are impacted by being in the treatment and how this, respectively, results from the treatment's medical, relational, or configurational dimensions. We found an overall high level of treatment satisfaction among the participants. The identification of experienced challenges reveals factors that reduce satisfaction and thus may hinder treatment retention and positive treatment outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates a novel approach to qualitatively investigate patients' treatment satisfaction across different treatment dimensions. The findings have implications for clinical practice by pointing out key factors that inhibit and facilitate patients' satisfaction with HAT. The identified importance of the socio-environmental factors and relational aspect of the treatment has further implications for the provision of opioid agonist treatment in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Ellefsen
- Section for Clinical Addiction Research, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4959 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Linda Elise Couëssurel Wüsthoff
- Section for Clinical Addiction Research, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4959 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of Oslo, PO Box 1039 Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Ajo Arnevik
- Section for Clinical Addiction Research, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4959 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
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FAKA A, CHALKIAS C, MAGRIPLIS E, GEORGOUSOPOULOU E, TRIPITSIDIS A, PITSAVOS C, PANAGIOTAKOS D. The influence of socio-environmental determinants on hypertension. A spatial analysis in Athens metropolitan area, Greece. J Prev Med Hyg 2020; 61:E76-E84. [PMID: 32490272 PMCID: PMC7225657 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.1.988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While epidemiological and pathophysiological aspects of hypertension are still being investigated, there is an increased global interest between hypertension and social health determinants and environmental factors that this study aims to examine. METHODS The sample size used in this work included 2,445 individuals, from Athens metropolitan area, who were randomly enrolled in ATTICA study, during 2001 to 2002. Principal component analysis (PCA), Poisson regression modeling and geographical analysis, based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology, were applied. RESULTS Geographical analysis and thematic mapping revealed that the West municipalities of Athens had the lowest socio-environmental status. Three components were derived from PCA: high, low and mixed socio-environmental status. Poisson regression analysis showed that high socio-environmental status, educational and economic level were negatively correlated with hypertension in some sectors of Athens (p < 0.05, for all). CONCLUSIONS Through the use of geospatial surveillance the underlying epidemiology of hypertension, and those at greater risk, can be more precisely determined. This study underlines the need to account for environmental factors when developing public health policies and programs for effective hypertension prevention or reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. FAKA
- Department of Geography, School of Environment, Geography and Applied Economics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - C. CHALKIAS
- Department of Geography, School of Environment, Geography and Applied Economics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - E. MAGRIPLIS
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - E.N. GEORGOUSOPOULOU
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - A. TRIPITSIDIS
- Department of Geography, School of Environment, Geography and Applied Economics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - C. PITSAVOS
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece
| | - D.B. PANAGIOTAKOS
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
- Correspondence: Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou St., 176 71 Athens, Greece - Tel. +30 210-9549332 - E-mail:
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Faka A, Chalkias C, Georgousopoulou EN, Tripitsidis A, Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB. Identifying determinants of obesity in Athens, Greece through global and local statistical models. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2019; 29:31-41. [PMID: 31128629 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Individual socioeconomic status is linked to obesity risk, though, less is known about the influence of an area's socio-environmental conditions on obesity/overweight prevalence. This association was investigated using obesity/overweight data collected from 2445 individuals in Athens greater area, who were randomly enrolled in ATTICA study, during 2001 to 2002, and factors related to educational and economic level, population density, immigrants and green urban areas. Thematic mapping illustrated the socio-environmental status and highlighted the obesity/overweight prevalence across the municipalities of Athens. Global statistical models revealed that high socio-environmental status, educational and economic level were inversely associated with obesity/overweight (p < 0.001). Furthermore, local Geographically Weighted Regression revealed spatial non-stationarity in the relationship between green urban areas and obesity/overweight. The findings of the study lead to the better understanding of the factors affecting obesity/overweight and may support the development of policies that target to well-being, decrease of obesity/overweight prevalence and improvement of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antigoni Faka
- Department of Geography, School of Environment, Geography and Applied Economics, Harokopio University, 176 71 Athens, Greece.
| | - Christos Chalkias
- Department of Geography, School of Environment, Geography and Applied Economics, Harokopio University, 176 71 Athens, Greece
| | - Ekavi N Georgousopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Anestis Tripitsidis
- Department of Geography, School of Environment, Geography and Applied Economics, Harokopio University, 176 71 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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Heslin M, Khondoker M, Shetty H, Pritchard M, Jones PB, Osborn D, Kirkbride JB, Roberts A, Stewart R. Inpatient use and area-level socio-environmental factors in people with psychosis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:1133-40. [PMID: 29796850 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-018-1534-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is consistent evidence that socio-environmental factors measured at an area-level, such as ethnic density, urban environment and deprivation are associated with psychosis risk. However, whether area-level socio-environmental factors are associated with outcomes following psychosis onset is less clear. This study aimed to examine whether the number of inpatient days used by people presenting to mental health services for psychosis was associated with five key area-level socio-environmental factors: deprivation, ethnic density, social capital, population density and social fragmentation. METHODS Using a historical cohort design based on electronic health records from the South London and Maudsley NHS Trust Foundation electronic Patient Journey System, people who presented for the first time to SLAM between 2007 and 2010 with psychosis were included. Structured data were extracted on age at presentation, gender, ethnicity, residential area at first presentation and number of inpatient days over 5 years of follow-up. Data on area-level socio-environmental factors taken from published sources were linked to participants' residential addresses. The relationship between the number of inpatient days and each socio-environmental factor was investigated in univariate negative binomial regression models with time in contact with services treated as an offset variable. RESULTS A total of 2147 people had full data on area level outcomes and baseline demographics, thus, could be included in the full analysis. No area-level socio-environmental factors were associated with inpatient days. CONCLUSION Although a robust association exists between socio-environmental factors and psychosis risk, in this study we found no evidence that neighbourhood deprivation was linked to future inpatient admissions following the onset of psychosis. Future work on the influence of area-level socio-environmental factors on outcome should examine more nuanced outcomes, e.g. recovery, symptom trajectory, and should account for key methodological challenges, e.g. accounting for changes in address.
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Metson GS, Powers SM, Hale RL, Sayles JS, Öberg G, MacDonald GK, Kuwayama Y, Springer NP, Weatherley AJ, Hondula KL, Jones K, Chowdhury RB, Beusen AHW, Bouwman AF. Socio-environmental consideration of phosphorus flows in the urban sanitation chain of contrasting cities. Reg Environ Change 2017; 18:1387-1401. [PMID: 31007594 PMCID: PMC6448357 DOI: 10.1007/s10113-017-1257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how cities can transform organic waste into a valuable resource is critical to urban sustainability. The capture and recycling of phosphorus (P), and other essential nutrients, from human excreta is particularly important as an alternative organic fertilizer source for agriculture. However, the complex set of socio-environmental factors influencing urban human excreta management is not yet sufficiently integrated into sustainable P research. Here, we synthesize information about the pathways P can take through urban sanitation systems along with barriers and facilitators to P recycling across cities. We examine five case study cities by using a sanitation chains approach: Accra, Ghana; Buenos Aires, Argentina; Beijing, China; Baltimore, USA; and London, England. Our cross-city comparison shows that London and Baltimore recycle a larger percentage of P from human excreta back to agricultural lands than other cities, and that there is a large diversity in socio-environmental factors that affect the patterns of recycling observed across cities. Our research highlights conditions that may be "necessary but not sufficient" for P recycling, including access to capital resources. Path dependencies of large sanitation infrastructure investments in the Global North contrast with rapidly urbanizing cities in the Global South, which present opportunities for alternative sanitation development pathways. Understanding such city-specific social and environmental barriers to P recycling options could help address multiple interacting societal objectives related to sanitation and provide options for satisfying global agricultural nutrient demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève S. Metson
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
- National Research Council, National Academies of Science, USA and School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA USA
| | | | - Rebecca L. Hale
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID USA
| | - Jesse S. Sayles
- Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Gunilla Öberg
- Institute for Resources, Environment, and Sustainability, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | | | | | | | - Anthony J. Weatherley
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Kelly L. Hondula
- National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD USA
| | - Kristal Jones
- National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD USA
| | - Rubel B. Chowdhury
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Arthur H. W. Beusen
- Department of Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander F. Bouwman
- Department of Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, The Netherlands
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Sado J, Kitamura T, Noma N, Saito M, Azuma H, Azuma T, Sobue T, Kitamura Y. Socio-environmental factors associated with diabetes mellitus among patients hospitalized with schizophrenia in Japan. Environ Health Prev Med 2016; 21:460-469. [PMID: 27448295 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-016-0550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine epidemiologically socio-environmental factors associated with diabetes mellitus among patients hospitalized with schizophrenia in Japan. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study from a single psychiatric hospital. Study patients were adults aged ≥20 years who were hospitalized with schizophrenia one or more times between January 2013 and December 2014. From electronic medical records or health insurance claims, we extracted schizophrenia patients with an F2 code according to ICD-10, and assessed the association of various factors with diabetes mellitus among these patients in a multivariable analysis. RESULTS During the 2-year period, there were 1899 patients hospitalized with a psychiatric disorder one or more times. Of them, a total of 770 adults with schizophrenia (285 men and 485 women) were eligible for our analysis. The standardized prevalence ratio of diabetes mellitus was 2.0 [95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.6-2.5] among men and 3.0 (95 % CI 2.5-3.6) among women in this hospital. There were no socio-environmental factors associated with diabetes mellitus among men. Among women, factors such as a 730-day hospitalization [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.82: 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.52-9.64], and a medical protection/compulsory/discrimination hospitalization (adjusted OR 0.60, 95 % CI 0.36-0.99) were associated with diabetes mellitus. Compared with women living alone, those who were unmarried and lived together with someone had a significantly lower adjusted OR (0.41, 95 % CI 0.21-0.81). CONCLUSIONS Socio-environmental factors such as length of hospitalization, type of hospitalization, and marital status and living arrangement were associated with diabetes mellitus among hospitalized women with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Sado
- Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhisa Kitamura
- Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norio Noma
- Social Welfare Corporation, Kosaka Hospital, 2-7-30 Eiwa, Higashi-Osaka, 577-0809, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makiko Saito
- Social Welfare Corporation, Kosaka Hospital, 2-7-30 Eiwa, Higashi-Osaka, 577-0809, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Azuma
- Social Welfare Corporation, Kosaka Hospital, 2-7-30 Eiwa, Higashi-Osaka, 577-0809, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Azuma
- Social Welfare Corporation, Kosaka Hospital, 2-7-30 Eiwa, Higashi-Osaka, 577-0809, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Sobue
- Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuri Kitamura
- Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
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