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Yassin SH, Henderson R, Lenberg J, Murillo V, Murdock DR, Friedman J, Jones MC, Wigby K, Borooah S. Further delineation of the CWC27-associated spliceosomeopathy: Case report and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:1378-1383. [PMID: 36718996 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Pre-mRNA splicing factors are crucial in regulating transcript diversity, by removing introns from eukaryotic transcripts, an essential step in gene expression. Splicing of pre-mRNA is catalyzed by spliceosomes. CWC27 is a cyclophilin associated with spliceosome, in which genetic defects of its components have been linked to spliceosomopathies with clinical phenotypes including skeletal developmental defects, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), short stature, skeletal anomalies, and neurological disorders. We report two siblings (male and female) of Mexican descent with a novel homozygous frameshift variant in CWC27 and aim to highlight the cardinal features among the previously described 12 cases as well as expand the currently recognized phenotypic spectrum. Both siblings presented with a range of ocular and extraocular manifestations including novel features such as solitary kidney and tarsal coalition in the male sibling, together with gait abnormalities, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis in the female sibling. Finally, we highlight ectodermal involvement including sparse scalp hair, eyebrows and lashes, pigmentary differences, nail dysplasia, and dental anomalies as a core phenotype associated with the CWC27 spliceosomopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaden H Yassin
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Riley Henderson
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jerica Lenberg
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Viridiana Murillo
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - David R Murdock
- Invitae Clinical Genomics Group, Invitae Corporation, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Friedman
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, California, USA.,Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego, Genetics and Dysmorphology Division, San Diego, California, USA.,Departments of Neurosciences and Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Marilyn C Jones
- Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego, Genetics and Dysmorphology Division, San Diego, California, USA.,Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kristen Wigby
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, California, USA.,Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego, Genetics and Dysmorphology Division, San Diego, California, USA.,Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Shyamanga Borooah
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
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Olthof AM, White AK, Kanadia RN. The emerging significance of splicing in vertebrate development. Development 2022; 149:dev200373. [PMID: 36178052 PMCID: PMC9641660 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Splicing is a crucial regulatory node of gene expression that has been leveraged to expand the proteome from a limited number of genes. Indeed, the vast increase in intron number that accompanied vertebrate emergence might have aided the evolution of developmental and organismal complexity. Here, we review how animal models for core spliceosome components have provided insights into the role of splicing in vertebrate development, with a specific focus on neuronal, neural crest and skeletal development. To this end, we also discuss relevant spliceosomopathies, which are developmental disorders linked to mutations in spliceosome subunits. Finally, we discuss potential mechanisms that could underlie the tissue-specific phenotypes often observed upon spliceosome inhibition and identify gaps in our knowledge that, we hope, will inspire further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk M. Olthof
- Physiology and Neurobiology Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Alisa K. White
- Physiology and Neurobiology Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Rahul N. Kanadia
- Physiology and Neurobiology Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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Bérubé-Simard FA, Pilon N. Molecular dissection of CHARGE syndrome highlights the vulnerability of neural crest cells to problems with alternative splicing and other transcription-related processes. Transcription 2018; 10:21-28. [PMID: 30205741 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2018.1521213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CHARGE syndrome is characterized by co-occurrence of multiple malformations due to abnormal development of neural crest cells. Here, we review the phenotypic and molecular overlap between CHARGE syndrome and similar pathologies, and further discuss the observation that neural crest cells appear especially sensitive to malfunction of the chromatin-transcription-splicing molecular hub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix-Antoine Bérubé-Simard
- a Laboratoire de génétique moléculaire du développement, Département des sciences biologiques , Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) , Montréal , QC , Canada.,b Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC) , Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) , Montréal , QC , Canada
| | - Nicolas Pilon
- a Laboratoire de génétique moléculaire du développement, Département des sciences biologiques , Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) , Montréal , QC , Canada.,b Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC) , Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) , Montréal , QC , Canada.,c Département de pédiatrie , Université de Montréal , Montréal , QC , Canada
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