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Williams K, Foliaki ST, Race B, Smith A, Thomas T, Groveman BR, Haigh CL. Neural cell engraftment therapy for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease restores neuroelectrophysiological parameters in a cerebral organoid model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:348. [PMID: 38049877 PMCID: PMC10696693 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03591-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), the most common human prion disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with currently no treatment options. Stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases is emerging as a possible treatment option. However, while there are a few clinical trials for other neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, prion disease cell therapy research has so far been confined to animal models. METHODS Here, we use a novel approach to study cell therapies in sCJD using a human cerebral organoid model. Cerebral organoids can be infected with sCJD prions allowing us to assess how neural precursor cell (NPC) therapy impacts the progression of sCJD. After 90 days of sCJD or mock infection, organoids were either seeded with NPCs or left unseeded and monitored for cellular composition changes, prion infection parameters and neuroelectrophysiological function at 180 days post-infection. RESULTS Our results showed NPCs integrated into organoids leading to an increase in neuronal markers and changes in cell signaling irrespective of sCJD infection. Although a small, but significant, decrease in protease-resistant PrP deposition was observed in the CJD-infected organoids that received the NPCs, other disease-associated parameters showed minimal changes. However, the NPCs had a beneficial impact on organoid function following infection. sCJD infection caused reduction in neuronal spike rate and mean burst spike rate, indicative of reduced action potentials. NPC seeding restored these electrophysiological parameters to the uninfected control level. CONCLUSIONS Together with the previous animal studies, our results support that cell therapy may have some functional benefit for the treatment of human prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Williams
- Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4Th Street, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Simote T Foliaki
- Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4Th Street, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Brent Race
- Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4Th Street, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Anna Smith
- Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4Th Street, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Tina Thomas
- Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4Th Street, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Bradley R Groveman
- Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4Th Street, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Cathryn L Haigh
- Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4Th Street, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA.
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Groveman BR, Race B, Foliaki ST, Williams K, Hughson AG, Baune C, Zanusso G, Haigh CL. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease infected human cerebral organoids retain the original human brain subtype features following transmission to humanized transgenic mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:28. [PMID: 36788566 PMCID: PMC9930245 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cerebral organoids (COs) are three-dimensional self-organizing cultures of cerebral brain tissue differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells. We have recently shown that COs are susceptible to infection with different subtypes of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) prions, which in humans cause different manifestations of the disease. The ability to study live human brain tissue infected with different CJD subtypes opens a wide array of possibilities from differentiating mechanisms of cell death and identifying neuronal selective vulnerabilities to testing therapeutics. However, the question remained as to whether the prions generated in the CO model truly represent those in the infecting inoculum. Mouse models expressing human prion protein are commonly used to characterize human prion disease as they reproduce many of the molecular and clinical phenotypes associated with CJD subtypes. We therefore inoculated these mice with COs that had been infected with two CJD subtypes (MV1 and MV2) to see if the original subtype characteristics (referred to as strains once transmitted into a model organism) of the infecting prions were maintained in the COs when compared with the original human brain inocula. We found that disease characteristics caused by the molecular subtype of the disease associated prion protein were similar in mice inoculated with either CO derived material or human brain material, demonstrating that the disease associated prions generated in COs shared strain characteristics with those in humans. As the first and only in vitro model of human neurodegenerative disease that can faithfully reproduce different subtypes of prion disease, these findings support the use of the CO model for investigating human prion diseases and their subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley R. Groveman
- grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA
| | - Brent Race
- grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA
| | - Simote T. Foliaki
- grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA
| | - Katie Williams
- grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA
| | - Andrew G. Hughson
- grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA
| | - Chase Baune
- grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA
| | - Gianluigi Zanusso
- grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cathryn L. Haigh
- grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA
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Hongo Y, Iizuka T, Kaneko A, Suga H, Uchino A, Murayama S, Namba K, Inoue Y, Nishiyama K. An autopsy case of MM2-thalamic subtype of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with Lewy bodies presenting as a sleep disorder mimicking anti-IgLON5 disease. J Neurol Sci 2019; 404:36-39. [PMID: 31325665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hongo
- Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Iizuka
- Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kaneko
- Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Suga
- Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - Akiko Uchino
- Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - Shigeo Murayama
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology (the Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital & Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuyoshi Namba
- Neuropsychiatric research institute, Japan Somnology center, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Inoue
- Neuropsychiatric research institute, Japan Somnology center, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazutoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
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Abstract
Prion diseases are progressive fatal encephalopathies characterized by a neurodegenerative pathology, the tissue deposition of abnormally folded prion protein and, in general, potential transmissibility. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the commonest human prion disease and occurs in three principal forms: sporadic (idiopathic), acquired (infectious), and inherited (genetic). This chapter concerns the sporadic and acquired forms. Sporadic CJD occurs worldwide and affects mainly the middle aged and elderly. There are recognized genetic risk factors-most importantly the PRNP-129 polymorphism. The acquired forms of CJD consist of iatrogenic CJD (accidental transmission of CJD via medical or surgical procedures) and variant CJD (vJCD) (which originated as a zoonosis via bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)-contamination of human food). The main causes of iatrogenic CJD are cadaveric-derived human growth hormone treatment and dura mater surgical grafts. The PRNP-129 polymorphism has important effects on iatrogenic infection, including overall susceptibility and incubation period. vCJD, resulting from dietary exposure to BSE, has affected mostly the United Kingdom, followed by France. All tested cases were originally PRNP-129MM, although two MV cases have been identified recently (one possible; one definite). vCJD has been secondarily transmitted via blood transfusion and a blood product. There is continuing concern over secondary transmission since there is evidence-from lymphoreticular tissue studies-of extensive subclinical infection in the UK general population, although a further recent study has caused uncertainty over the significance of the previous studies. While definitive diagnosis of CJD is pathological, recent developments in protein amplification and detection have led to significantly better clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Knight
- National CJD Research & Surveillance Unit, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Xiao X, Yuan J, Qing L, Cali I, Mikol J, Delisle MB, Uro-Coste E, Zeng L, Abouelsaad M, Gazgalis D, Martinez MC, Wang GX, Brown P, Ironside JW, Gambetti P, Kong Q, Zou WQ. Comparative Study of Prions in Iatrogenic and Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 5. [PMID: 25419482 PMCID: PMC4240320 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Differentiating iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (iCJD) from sporadic CJD (sCJD) would be useful for the identification and prevention of human-to-human prion transmission. Currently, the diagnosis of iCJD depends on identification of a recognized source of contamination to which patients have been exposed, in addition to fulfilling basic requirements for the establishment of diagnosis of CJD. Attempts to identify differences in clinical manifestations, neuropathological changes and pathological prion protein (PrPSc) between iCJD and sCJD have been unsuccessful. In the present study, using a variety of more sophisticated methods including sucrose step gradient sedimentation, conformational stability immunoassay, protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA), fragment-mapping, and transmission study, we show no significant differences in gel profiles, oligomeric state, conformational stability and infectivity of PrPSc between iCJD and sCJD. However, using PMCA, we find that convertibility and amplification efficiency of PrPSc is greater in iCJD than in sCJD in a polymorphism-dependent manner. Moreover, two protease-resistant PrP C-terminal fragments (termed PrP-CTF12/13) were detected in all 9 cases of sCJD but not in 6 of 8 cases of iCJD tested in this study. The use of fragment mapping- and PMCA-based assays thus provides a means to distinguish most cases of iCJD from sCJD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhu Xiao
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Jue Yuan
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Liuting Qing
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Ignazio Cali
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA ; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Jacqueline Mikol
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Bernadette Delisle
- Department of Pathology, Rangueil University Hospital, avenue Jean Poulhes, TSA 50032, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France ; INSERM U858, I2MR, Team 15, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Emmanuelle Uro-Coste
- Department of Pathology, Rangueil University Hospital, avenue Jean Poulhes, TSA 50032, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France ; INSERM U858, I2MR, Team 15, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Liang Zeng
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA ; The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - Mai Abouelsaad
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Dimitris Gazgalis
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Manuel Camacho Martinez
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Gong-Xian Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - Paul Brown
- Laboratoire Français des Biotechnologies (LFB), Les Ulis, France
| | - James W Ironside
- National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Surveillance Unit, Western General Hospital Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Pierluigi Gambetti
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Qingzhong Kong
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA ; Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Wen-Quan Zou
- Department of Pathology and National Prion Disease, Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA ; Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA ; National Center for Regenerative Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA ; The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, The People's Republic of China
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Abstract
This paper is intended to discuss some of the scientific and ethical issues that are created by increased research efforts towards earlier diagnosis, as well as to treatment of, human prion diseases (and related dementias), including the resulting consequences for individuals, their families, and society. Most patients with prion disease currently are diagnosed when they are about 2/3 of the way through their disease course (Geschwind et al., 2010a; Paterson et al., 2012b), when the disease has progressed so far that even treatments that stop the disease process would probably have little benefit. Although there are currently no treatments available for prion diseases, we and others have realized that we must diagnose patients earlier and with greater accuracy so that future treatments have hope of success. As approximately 15% of prion diseases have a autosomal dominant genetic etiology, this further adds to the complexity of ethical issues, particularly regarding when to conduct genetic testing, release of genetic results, and when or if to implement experimental therapies. Human prion diseases are both infectious and transmissible; great care is required to balance the needs of the family and individual with both public health needs and strained hospital budgets. It is essential to proactively examine and address the ethical issues involved, as well as to define and in turn provide best standards of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra Bechtel
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, United States
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