Zhou K, Ferdous M, de Boer RF, Kooistra-Smid AMD, Grundmann H, Friedrich AW, Rossen JWA. The mosaic genome structure and phylogeny of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 is driven by short-term adaptation.
Clin Microbiol Infect 2014;
21:468.e7-18. [PMID:
25656624 DOI:
10.1016/j.cmi.2014.12.009]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O104:H4 emerged as an important pathogen when it caused a large outbreak in Germany in 2011. Little is known about the evolutionary history and genomic diversity of the bacterium. The current communication describes a comprehensive analysis of STEC O104:H4 genomes from the 2011 outbreak and other non-outbreak-related isolates. Outbreak-related isolates formed a tight cluster that shared a monophyletic relation with two non-outbreak clusters, suggesting that all three clusters originated from a common ancestor. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms, seven of which were non-synonymous, distinguished outbreak from non-outbreak isolates. Lineage-specific markers indicated that recent partitions were driven by selective pressures associated with niche adaptation. Based on the results, an evolutionary model for STEC O104:H4 is proposed. Our analysis provides the evolutionary context at population level and describes the emergence of clones with novel properties, which is necessary for developing comprehensive approaches to early warning and control.
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