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Bánfai Z, Kövesdi E, Sümegi K, Büki G, Szabó A, Magyari L, Ádám V, Pálos F, Miseta A, Kásler M, Melegh B. Characterization of Danube Swabian population samples on a high-resolution genome-wide basis. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:9. [PMID: 36624381 PMCID: PMC9830925 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09092-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND German-derived ethnicities are one of the largest ethnic groups in Hungary, dating back to the formation of the Kingdom of Hungary, which took place at the beginning of the 11th century. Germans arrived in Hungary in many waves. The most significant immigration wave took place following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in East-Central Europe which closed the 150 year long Ottoman occupation. To date, there are no comprehensive genome-wide studies investigating the genetic makeup of the Danube Swabians. Here we analyzed 47 Danube Swabian samples collected from elderly Swabian individuals living in the Dunaszekcső-Bár area, in Danube side villages of Southwest Hungary. These Swabians, according to self-declaration, did not admix with other ethnic groups for 3-6 succeeding generations. Using Illumina Infinium 720 K Beadchip genotype data, we applied allele frequency-based and haplotype-based genome-wide marker data analyses to investigate the ancestry and genetic composition of the collected Danube Swabian samples. RESULTS Haplotype-based analyses like identity by descent segment analysis show that the investigated Danube Swabians possess significant German and other West European ancestry, but their Hungarian ancestry is also prominent. Our results suggest that their main source of ancestry can be traced back to Western Europe, presumably to the region of Germany. CONCLUSION This is the first analysis of Danube Swabian population samples based on genome-wide autosomal data. Our results establish the basis for conducting further comprehensive research on Danube Swabians and on other German ethnicities of the Carpathian basin, which can help reconstruct their origin, and identify their major archaic genomic patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Bánfai
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary ,grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Kövesdi
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary ,grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Hungary, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Sümegi
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary ,grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary ,grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Büki
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary ,grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - András Szabó
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary ,grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lili Magyari
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary ,grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Valerián Ádám
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Pálos
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Attila Miseta
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 13, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Miklós Kásler
- grid.419617.c0000 0001 0667 8064National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u. 7-9, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Melegh
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary ,grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság út 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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