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Ali W, Garbo S, Kincses A, Nové M, Spengler G, Di Bello E, Honkisz-Orzechowska E, Karcz T, Szymańska E, Żesławska E, Starek M, Dąbrowska M, Nitek W, Kucwaj-Brysz K, Pyka P, Fioravanti R, Jacob C, Battistelli C, Zwergel C, Handzlik J. Seleno-vs. thioether triazine derivatives in search for new anticancer agents overcoming multidrug resistance in lymphoma. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114761. [PMID: 36179403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lymphomas are still difficult to treat even with modern therapies as, among others, multidrug resistance (MDR) is often counteracting a successful cancer therapy. P-gp/ABC-transporters are well-known for their crucial role in the main tumour MDR mechanism, eliminating drugs and cytotoxic substances from the cancer cell by efflux, and their modulators are promising for innovative therapy, but none has been approved in the pharmaceutical market yet. Herein, we have designed, synthesised and analysed 30 novel seleno- and thioether 1,3,5-triazine derivatives conducting comprehensive studies to evaluate their potential application in human JURKAT lymphoma cells. Among the new compounds, four (11, 12, 13 and 23) were much more effective than the reference inhibitor verapamil, being potent ABCB1 inhibitors already at 2 μM, while 5 and 15 showed very potent ABCB1 inhibitory activity only at 20 μM. Results of P-gp ATPase assays, supported with docking studies, indicated the competitive substrate mode of modulating action for 15, while ABCB1, ABCC1 and ABCG2 genes expression induction by 15 with q-PCR was confirmed. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties in both sensitive (PAR) and resistant (MDR) mouse T-lymphoma cell lines, and compound 15, also considering its promising ABCB1 inhibition properties, was revealed to be the best compound in terms of its cytotoxic effect (IC50: 16.73 μM) as well as concerning the antiproliferative effect (IC50: 5.35 μM) in MDR cells. Regarding the mechanistic studies looking at the cell cycle, the thioether 15 and selenium derivatives 26 and 29 were significantly effective in the regulation of cell cycle-related genes alone or in co-treatment with doxorubicin counteracting Cyclin D1 and E1 expression and increasing p53 and p21 levels, shedding first light on their mechanism of action. In summary, we explored the chemical space of seleno- and thioether 1,3,5-triazine derivatives with interesting activity against lymphoma. Especially compound 15 is worthy of being studied deeper to evaluate its precise mode of action further as well it can be improved regarding its potency and drug-likeness.
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Żesławska E, Kucwaj-Brysz K, Kincses A, Spengler G, Szymańska E, Czopek A, Marć MA, Kaczor A, Nitek W, Domínguez-Álvarez E, Latacz G, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Handzlik J. An insight into the structure of 5-spiro aromatic derivatives of imidazolidine-2,4-dione, a new group of very potent inhibitors of tumor multidrug resistance in T-lymphoma cells. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104735. [PMID: 33640632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of 17 arylpiperazine derivatives of the 5-spiroimidazolidine-2,4-diones (6-22) has been explored, including variations in (i) the number of aromatic rings at position 5, (ii) the length of the linker, as well as (iii) the kind and position of the linked arylpiperazine terminal fragment. Synthesis (6-16) and X-ray crystallographic studies for representative compounds (8, 10, 14 and 18) have been performed. The ability to inhibit the tumor multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp, ABCB1) overexpressed in mouse T-lymphoma cells was investigated. The cytotoxic and antiproliferative actions of the compounds on both the reference and the ABCB1-overproducing cells were also examined. The pharmacophore-based molecular modeling studies have been performed. ADMET properties in vitro of selected most active derivatives (6, 11 and 12) have been determined. All compounds, excluding 18, inhibited the cancer P-gp efflux pump with higher potency than that of reference verapamil. The spirofluorene derivatives with amine alkyl substituents at position 1, and the methyl group at position 3 (6-16), occurred the most potent P-gp inhibitors in the MDR T-lymphoma cell line. In particular, compounds 7 and 12 were 100-fold more potent than verapamil. Crystallography-supported pharmacophore-based SAR analysis has postulated specific structural properties that could explain this excellent cancer MDR-inhibitory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Żesławska
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kucwaj-Brysz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Annamária Kincses
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Czopek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Anna Marć
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Aneta Kaczor
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Nitek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Enrique Domínguez-Álvarez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
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GajdÁcs MÁ, NovÉ MÁ, Csonka Á, Varga B, SanmartÍn C, DomÍnguez-Álvarez E, Spengler G. Phenothiazines and Selenocompounds: A Potential Novel Combination Therapy of Multidrug Resistant Cancer. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:4921-4928. [PMID: 32878780 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Phenothiazines constitute a versatile family of compounds in terms of biological activity, which have also gained a considerable attention in cancer research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three phenothiazines (promethazine, chlorpromazine and thioridazine) have been tested in combination with 11 active selenocompounds against MDR (ABCB1-overexpressing) mouse T-lymphoma cells to investigate their activity as combination chemotherapy and as antitumor adjuvants in vitro with a checkerboard combination assay. RESULTS Seven selenocompounds showed toxicity on mouse embryonic fibroblasts, while three showed selectivity towards tumor cells. Two compounds showed synergism with all tested phenothiazines in low concentration ranges (1.46-11.25 μM). Thioridazine was the most potent among the three phenothiazines. CONCLUSION Phenothiazines belonging to different generations showed different levels of adjuvant activities. All the tested phenothiazines are already approved medicines with known pharmacological and toxicity profiles, therefore, their use as adjuvants in cancer may be considered as a potential drug repurposing strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- MÁriÓ GajdÁcs
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - MÁrta NovÉ
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ákos Csonka
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Borisz Varga
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Carmen SanmartÍn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique DomÍnguez-Álvarez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Čižmáriková M, Takáč P, Spengler G, Kincses A, Nové M, Vilková M, Mojžiš J. New Chalcone Derivative Inhibits ABCB1 in Multidrug Resistant T-cell Lymphoma and Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells. Anticancer Res 2019; 39:6499-6505. [PMID: 31810914 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Development of new potential drugs to overcome multidrug resistance to chemotherapy is a big challenge for cancer treatment. Attention is also given to the natural compounds and their derivatives. The study aimed at evaluating the impact of a new chalcone derivative (1C) on multidrug resistant cell lines, focusing on P-glycoprotein (P-gp, ABCB1) inhibition, as well as 1C-doxorubicin interaction in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of the 1C compound were assessed by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method in mouse T-cell lymphoma and human colon adenocarcinoma cells expressing ABCB1. Alterations in ABCB1 activity were evaluated by rhodamine 123 accumulation assay using flow cytometry. Drug-drug interaction was studied using combination assay. RESULTS Our results confirmed antiproliferative, cytotoxic, as well as ABCB1 inhibitory potential of 1C in both tested ABCB1-expressing cancer cell lines. Furthermore, 1C displayed synergistic interaction with doxorubicin. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the 1C chalcone derivative as a promising compound against resistant lymphoma and colon cancer, which could be used in monotherapy or in combination with other chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Čižmáriková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pavol Jozef Safarik, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Takáč
- Institute of Human and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Annamária Kincses
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márta Nové
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária Vilková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Pavol Jozef Safarik, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pavol Jozef Safarik, Kosice, Slovak Republic
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