Prognostic Analysis of Prophylactic Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer: a Propensity Score-Matched Analysis

PURPOSE

To investigate the efficacy of prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for advanced gastric cancer (AGC).

METHODS

We included 198 patients treated from December 2016 to January 2019; of these patients, the 132 who had clinical T4 gastric cancer were divided into a hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy group (HIPEC group) and a radical gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection group (control group). Because this study was retrospective, we used propensity score matching (PSM) to reduce selectivity bias; we then assessed risk factors for recurrence and compared prognosis in terms of survival in the gastrectomy and prophylactic HIPEC groups.

RESULTS

Prophylactic HIPEC reduced the risk of postoperative peritoneal metastasis (PM: 27.5% vs. 10.5%, P = 0.015) and did not increase the risk of postoperative complications, but there was no significant difference in the effect on hepatic metastases or other distant metastases. Risk factors for recurrence included pT4 staging and positive lymph node metastases. Both disease-free survival (DFS: HR 0.592; 95% CI 0.354-0.990; P = 0.042) and peritoneal recurrence-free survival (PFS: HR 0.314; 95% CI 0.127-0.774; P = 0.008) were better in the prophylactic HIPEC group than in the gastrectomy-only group. In addition, there was no difference in the prognosis of patients between the two groups of raltitrexed (RT) and paclitaxel (PTX) for perfusion dosing.

CONCLUSION

Our study showed that prophylactic HIPEC could prevent postoperative PM in patients with AGC and did not increase the incidence of postoperative complications. However, it was not found to be effective in the prevention of other metastases, such as hepatic metastases.

Prognostic Factors and Recurrence Patterns in T4 Gastric Cancer Patients after Curative Resection

Background: To investigate prognostic factors and recurrence patterns in T4 gastric cancer (GC) patients after curative resection.

Methods: Between January 2004 and December 2014, 249 patients with T4 gastric cancer undergoing curative resection were recruited. Patient characteristics, survival, prognostic factors and recurrence patterns were analyzed.

Results: Our results showed that the median survival time (MST) for T4 gastric cancer after curative resection was 55.47 months, with 59.47 months for T4a (tumor perforating serosa) and 25.90 months for T4b (tumor invasion of the adjacent structure). Multivariate analysis indicated that age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.86; P = 0.006), location of tumor (HR, 1.25, 0.90 - 5.64; P < 0.001) and intraoperative blood loss (HR, 1.85; P = 0.010) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). After a median follow-up of 25.87 months, a total of 109 (43.8%) patients suffered from recurrence, and 90 patients had been observed specific recurrence sites, among which peritoneal metastasis was the most common recurrence pattern, 59.0% for T4a and 88.3% for T4b, respectively.

Conclusions: For T4 gastric cancer patients after curative resection, older age, gastric cancer of the entire stomach and more intraoperative blood loss were associated with poor OS. The recurrence rate after curative resection for T4 was high, and the most common recurrence pattern was peritoneal metastasis.

Prognostic Factors Affecting Survival After Multivisceral Resection in Patients with Clinical T4b Gastric Cancer

BACKGROUND

The prognosis and survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer is poor. Although completeness of resection (R0) is one of the most important factors affecting survival, multivisceral resection (MVR) for locally advanced (clinical T4b, cT4b) gastric cancer remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting prognosis and survival after MVR in patients with cT4b gastric cancer.

METHODS

Between 2005 and 2015, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 103 patients who underwent MVR for cT4b gastric cancer with suspected direct invasion to adjacent organs. Patient characteristics, related complications, long-term survival, and prognostic factors of cT4b gastric cancer were analyzed.

RESULTS

Postoperative mortality and morbidity rates of patients after MVR were 1.0 and 37.9%, respectively. R0 resection was achieved in 82.5% patients, all of whom had a significantly improved survival rate. Overall survival rates at 1 and 3 years were 78.3 and 47.7% for R0 resection and 46.6 and 14.3% for R1 resection, respectively (R0 vs. R1, P < 0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that completeness of resection (R0) was an independent prognostic factor associated with longer survival.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with cT4b gastric cancer, gastrectomy with MVR to achieve an R0 resection can be performed with acceptable postoperative morbidity and mortality rates and can have a positive impact on long-term survival.