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Donnem T, Kilvaer TK, Andersen S, Richardsen E, Paulsen EE, Hald SM, Al-Saad S, Brustugun OT, Helland A, Lund-Iversen M, Solberg S, Gronberg BH, Wahl SGF, Helgeland L, Fløtten O, Pohl M, Al-Shibli K, Sandanger TM, Pezzella F, Busund LT, Bremnes RM. Strategies for clinical implementation of TNM-Immunoscore in resected nonsmall-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2015; 27:225-32. [PMID: 26578726 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoscore is a prognostic tool defined to quantify in situ immune cell infiltrates and appears highly promising as a supplement to the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification of various tumors. In colorectal cancer, an international task force has initiated prospective multicenter studies aiming to implement TNM-Immunoscore (TNM-I) in a routine clinical setting. In breast cancer, recommendations for the evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been proposed by an international working group. Regardless of promising results, there are potential obstacles related to implementing TNM-I into the clinic. Diverse methods may be needed for different malignancies and even within each cancer entity. Nevertheless, a uniform approach across malignancies would be advantageous. In nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there are several previous reports indicating an apparent prognostic importance of TILs, but studies on TILs in a TNM-I setting are sparse and no general recommendations are made. However, recently published data is promising, evoking a realistic hope of a clinical useful NSCLC TNM-I. This review will focus on the TNM-I potential in NSCLC and propose strategies for clinical implementation of a TNM-I in resected NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Donnem
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso
| | - T K Kilvaer
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso
| | - S Andersen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso
| | - E Richardsen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso Institute of Medical Biology, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso
| | - E E Paulsen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso
| | - S M Hald
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso
| | - S Al-Saad
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso Institute of Medical Biology, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso
| | - O T Brustugun
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo
| | - A Helland
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo Department of Cancer Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo
| | - M Lund-Iversen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo
| | - S Solberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo
| | - B H Gronberg
- The Cancer Clinic, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, European Palliative Care Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim
| | - S G F Wahl
- Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics, St Olavs Hospital-Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim
| | - L Helgeland
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - O Fløtten
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - M Pohl
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Al-Shibli
- Department of Pathology, Nordland Hospital, Bodo
| | - T M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, The Artic University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway
| | - F Pezzella
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - L T Busund
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso Institute of Medical Biology, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso
| | - R M Bremnes
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso
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