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Parigger T, Gassner FJ, Scherhäufl C, Bakar AA, Höpner JP, Hödlmoser A, Steiner M, Catakovic K, Geisberger R, Greil R, Zaborsky N. Evidence for Non-Cancer-Specific T Cell Exhaustion in the Tcl1 Mouse Model for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136648. [PMID: 34206229 PMCID: PMC8268419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The reinvigoration of anti-cancer immunity by immune checkpoint therapies has greatly improved cancer treatment. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), patients as well as in the Tcl1 mouse model for CLL, PD1-expressing, exhausted T cells significantly expand alongside CLL development; nevertheless, PD1 inhibition has no clinical benefit. Hence, exhausted T cells are either not activatable by simple PD1 blocking in CLL and/or only an insufficient number of exhausted T cells are CLL-specific. In this study, we examined the latter hypothesis by exploiting the Tcl1 transgenic CLL mouse model in combination with TCR transgene expression specific for a non-cancer antigen. Following CLL tumor development, increased PD1 levels were detected on non-CLL specific T cells that seem dependent on the presence of (tumor-) antigen-specific T cells. Transcriptome analysis confirmed a similar exhaustion phenotype of non-CLL specific and endogenous PD1pos T cells. Our results indicate that in the CLL mouse model, a substantial fraction of non-CLL specific T cells becomes exhausted during disease progression in a bystander effect. These findings have important implications for the general efficacy assessment of immune checkpoint therapies in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Parigger
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron-University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Franz Josef Gassner
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Christian Scherhäufl
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron-University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Aryunni Abu Bakar
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron-University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jan Philip Höpner
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron-University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Alexandra Hödlmoser
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Markus Steiner
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Kemal Catakovic
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Roland Geisberger
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (N.Z.)
| | - Richard Greil
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Nadja Zaborsky
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute—Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.P.); (F.J.G.); (C.S.); (A.A.B.); (J.P.H.); (A.H.); (M.S.); (K.C.); (R.G.)
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (N.Z.)
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Fiorenza MT, Russo G, Narducci MG, Bresin A, Mangia F, Bevilacqua A. Protein kinase Akt2/PKBβ is involved in blastomere proliferation of preimplantation mouse embryos. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3393-3401. [PMID: 31552693 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Activation of Akt/Protein Kinase B (PKB) by phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) controls several cellular functions largely studied in mammalian cells, including preimplantation embryos. We previously showed that early mouse embryos inherit active Akt from oocytes and that the intracellular localization of this enzyme at the two-cell stage depends on the T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 1 oncogenic protein, Tcl1. We have now investigated whether Akt isoforms, namely Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3, exert a specific role in blastomere proliferation during preimplantation embryo development. We show that, in contrast to other Akt family members, Akt2 enters male and female pronuclei of mouse preimplantation embryos at the late one-cell stage and thereafter maintains a nuclear localization during later embryo cleavage stages. Depleting one-cell embryos of single Akt family members by microinjecting Akt isoform-specific antibodies into wild-type zygotes, we observed that: (a) Akt2 is necessary for normal embryo progression through cleavage stages; and (b) the specific nuclear targeting of Akt2 in two-cell embryos depends on Tcl1. Our results indicate that preimplantation mouse embryos have a peculiar regulation of blastomere proliferation based on the activity of the Akt/PKB family member Akt2, which is mediated by the oncogenic protein Tcl1. Both Akt2 and Tcl1 are essential for early blastomere proliferation and embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Fiorenza
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuroscience and "Daniel Bovet" Neurobiology Research Center, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Franco Mangia
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuroscience and "Daniel Bovet" Neurobiology Research Center, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arturo Bevilacqua
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, and Systems Biology Group Lab, Rome, Italy
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