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Popovic M. Never ending story? Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 monitored through Gibbs energies of biosynthesis and antigen-receptor binding of Omicron BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB and XBB.1 variants. Microb Risk Anal 2023; 23:100250. [PMID: 36777740 PMCID: PMC9896887 DOI: 10.1016/j.mran.2023.100250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RNA viruses exhibit a great tendency to mutate. Mutations occur in the parts of the genome that encode the spike glycoprotein and less often in the rest of the genome. This is why Gibbs energy of binding changes more than that of biosynthesis. Starting from 2019, the wild type that was labeled Hu-1 has during the last 3 years evolved to produce several dozen new variants, as a consequence of mutations. Mutations cause changes in empirical formulas of new virus strains, which lead to change in thermodynamic properties of biosynthesis and binding. These changes cause changes in the rate of reactions of binding of virus antigen to the host cell receptor and the rate of virus multiplication in the host cell. Changes in thermodynamic and kinetic parameters lead to changes in biological parameters of infectivity and pathogenicity. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has been evolving towards increase in infectivity and maintaining constant pathogenicity, or for some variants a slight decrease in pathogenicity. In the case of Omicron BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB and XBB.1 variants pathogenicity is identical as in the Omicron BA.2.75 variant. On the other hand, infectivity of the Omicron BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB and XBB.1 variants is greater than those of previous variants. This will most likely result in the phenomenon of asymmetric coinfection, that is circulation of several variants in the population, some being dominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Popovic
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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Dai S, Liu L, He H, Yang B, Wu D, Zhao Y, Niu D. Highly-efficient molten NaOH-KOH for organochlorine destruction: Performance and mechanism. Environ Res 2023; 217:114815. [PMID: 36400224 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Molten salt has been increasingly acknowledged to be useful in the destruction of chlorine-containing organic wastes (COWs), e.g., organochlorine. However, the operational temperatures are usually high, and local structure and thermodynamic property of the molten salt remain largely unclear. In this study, novel molten NaOH-KOH is developed for organochlorine destruction, and its eutectic point can be lowered to 453 K with 1:1 mol ratio of NaOH to KOH. Further experiment shows that this molten NaOH-KOH is highly-efficient towards the destructions of both trichlorobenzene and dichlorophenol, acquiring the final dechlorination efficiencies as 88.2% and 94.1%, respectively. The organochlorine destruction and chloride salt enrichment are verified by fourier-transform infrared spectrometer. Molten NaOH-KOH not only eliminates the C-Cl and CC bonds, but also traps generated CO2, other acidic gases, and possibly particulate matters as a result of the high surface area and high viscosity. This makes it possibly advantageous over incineration for organic waste destruction for carbon neutrality. To sufficiently reveal the inherent mechanism for the temperature dependent performance, molecular dynamics simulation is further adopted. Results show that the radial distance between ions increases with temperature, causing larger molar volume and lower resistance to shear deformation. Moreover, thermal expansion coefficient, specific heat capacity, and ion self-diffusion coefficient of the molten NaOH-KOH are found to increase linearly with temperature. All these microscopic alterations contribute to the organochlorine destruction. This study benefits to develop highly-efficient molten system for COWs treatment via a low-carbon approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijin Dai
- Baoan District City Appearance and Environment Comprehensive Management Service Center, Shenzhen, 518101, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Libing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hongping He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Deli Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Youcai Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dongjie Niu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Sangaré D, Bostyn S, Moscosa Santillán M, García-Alamilla P, Belandria V, Gökalp I. Comparative pyrolysis studies of lignocellulosic biomasses: Online gas quantification, kinetics triplets, and thermodynamic parameters of the process. Bioresour Technol 2022; 346:126598. [PMID: 34953991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the analysis of the pyrolytic behavior of four lignocellulosic biomasses: avocado stone (AS), Agave salmiana bagasse (AB), cocoa shell (CS), and α-cellulose (CEL). According to the triplet kinetics analysis, the order of pyrolytic decomposition was AS < AB < CEL < CS. The AS was dominated by a second-order reaction, while AB followed a 2D diffusion-Valensi model. On the other hand, the pyrolysis of CS starts with an nth-order reaction and ends random nucleation model, and CEL was dominated by one-dimensional diffusion and first-order reaction. Thermodynamic studies reveal that the difference between the activation energy versus enthalpy change was<6.5 kJ/mol for all biomasses, thus showing the ease of pyrolysis reaction of these biomasses. Furthermore, the AS and AB showed that the reactions are close to thermodynamic equilibrium and stability, whereas CS and CEL indicated high reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diakaridia Sangaré
- Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE)-CNRS UPR3021, 1C avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí Av. Dr. Nava # 6, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí, C.P. 78210, Mexico
| | - Stéphane Bostyn
- Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE)-CNRS UPR3021, 1C avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France; Université d'Orléans, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, 16 rue d'Issoudun, BP16724, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Mario Moscosa Santillán
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí Av. Dr. Nava # 6, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí, C.P. 78210, Mexico.
| | - Pedro García-Alamilla
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias (DACA), Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Carret. Villahermosa-Teapa Km 25 Ra. La Huasteca. Centro, Tabasco C.P. 86280, Mexico
| | - Verónica Belandria
- Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE)-CNRS UPR3021, 1C avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France; Université d'Orléans, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, 16 rue d'Issoudun, BP16724, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Iskender Gökalp
- Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE)-CNRS UPR3021, 1C avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
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Zeng L, Li J, Qiao C, Jiang Y, Wu J, Li H, Zhang J. Combination multi-nitrogen with high heat of formation: theoretical studies on the performance of bridged 1,2,4,5-tetrazine derivatives. J Mol Model 2021; 28:3. [PMID: 34874491 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04999-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of bridged tetrazine derivatives (BDDT) were designed by using different bridges to connect two molecules of 1,2,4, 5-tetrazine oxides and then combining different substituents. At the same time, we used DFT-wB97/6-31 + G** method to regularly predict the HOMO-LUMO, heats of formation (HOF), detonation properties, thermal stability, and thermodynamic property orbitals of BDDT compounds. By studying the comprehensive relationship between different substituents and bridging and performance, it is shown that -N(NO2)2 and -C(NO2)3 are not only excellent groups to improve the heat of formation and detonation properties, but also can cause the compound to have a superior oxygen balance. And that the incorporation of the -N = N- and -NH-N = N- is helpful to enhance their thermal stabilities and HOF. -CH2-CH2- and -CH2-NH- are good for improving the HOMO-LUMO energy gaps. Performances with positive HOF (1170-1590 kJ mol-1), remarkable density (1.88-1.93 g cm-3), outstanding detonation properties (D = 9.15-9.80 km s-1, P = 38.24-44.40 GPa), and acceptable impact sensitivity lead C5, D8, E5, E7, F5, and F7 to be the potential candidates of HEDMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Qiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhe Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinting Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongbo Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
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Liu Q, Li K, Lv G, Li X, Peng Y, Lin J, Qiu L. Density functional theory studies on a non-covalent interaction system: hydrogen-bonded dimers of zoledronate. J Mol Model 2018; 24:310. [PMID: 30302570 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A computational study was carried out to characterize the hydrogen-bonded dimers of Zoledronate (ZOL), which is used widely in treating skeletal diseases. The stable conformations, hydrogen bonding interactions, IR spectra, thermodynamic properties, and electronic characteristics of nine possible ZOL dimers were studied using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311++G** level. The stability of dimers was determined according to the analyses of total electronic energies and hydrogen bonding interactions. The results showed that both the number and intensity of hydrogen bonds played an important role in determining the stability order of dimers, and the hydrogen bonding interactions in dimers resulted in a red shift of hydroxyl vibration with a corresponding increase in intensity. The calculated thermodynamic properties illustrated that the dimerization process can take place spontaneously at room temperature. Natural bond orbital and atoms in molecules analyses revealed that the nature of hydrogen bonding interactions was attributed to the interactions from lone pair orbital n(A) to the antibonding orbital σ*(D-H), and the interactions were closed-shell interactions in hydrogen-bonded dimers of ZOL. Graphical abstract Changes in Gibbs free energy and infrared spectra of ZL in the dimerization process.
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Tan B, Huang M, Long X, Li J, Fan G. Computational assessment of several hydrogen-free high energy compounds. J Mol Graph Model 2015; 63:85-90. [PMID: 26705845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tetrazino-tetrazine-tetraoxide (TTTO) is an attractive high energy compound, but unfortunately, it is not yet experimentally synthesized so far. Isomerization of TTTO leads to its five isomers, bond-separation energies were empolyed to compare the global stability of six compounds, it is found that isomer 1 has the highest bond-separation energy (1204.6kJ/mol), compared with TTTO (1151.2kJ/mol); thermodynamic properties of six compounds were theoretically calculated, including standard formation enthalpies (solid and gaseous), standard fusion enthalpies, standard vaporation enthalpies, standard sublimation enthalpies, lattice energies and normal melting points, normal boiling points; their detonation performances were also computed, including detonation heat (Q, cal/g), detonation velocity (D, km/s), detonation pressure (P, GPa) and impact sensitivity (h50, cm), compared with TTTO (Q=1311.01J/g, D=9.228km/s, P=40.556GPa, h50=12.7cm), isomer 5 exhibites better detonation performances (Q=1523.74J/g, D=9.389km/s, P=41.329GPa, h50= 28.4cm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisheng Tan
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, PR China.
| | - Ming Huang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, PR China
| | - Xinping Long
- China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, PR China
| | - Jinshan Li
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, PR China
| | - Guijuan Fan
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, PR China
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