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Liu J, Yang T, Zhang H, Weng L, Peng X, Liu T, Cheng C, Zhang Y, Chen X. Intelligent nanoreactor coupling tumor microenvironment manipulation and H 2O 2-dependent photothermal-chemodynamic therapy for accurate treatment of primary and metastatic tumors. Bioact Mater 2024; 34:354-365. [PMID: 38269307 PMCID: PMC10806208 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME), as the "soil" of tumor growth and metastasis, exhibits significant differences from normal physiological conditions. However, how to manipulate the distinctions to achieve the accurate therapy of primary and metastatic tumors is still a challenge. Herein, an innovative nanoreactor (AH@MBTF) is developed to utilize the apparent differences (copper concentration and H2O2 level) between tumor cells and normal cells to eliminate primary tumor based on H2O2-dependent photothermal-chemodynamic therapy and suppress metastatic tumor through copper complexation. This nanoreactor is constructed using functionalized MSN incorporating benzoyl thiourea (BTU), triphenylphosphine (TPP), and folic acid (FA), while being co-loaded with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and its substrate ABTS. During therapy, the BTU moieties on AH@MBTF could capture excessive copper (highly correlated with tumor metastasis), presenting exceptional anti-metastasis activity. Simultaneously, the complexation between BTU and copper triggers the formation of cuprous ions, which further react with H2O2 to generate cytotoxic hydroxyl radical (•OH), inhibiting tumor growth via chemodynamic therapy. Additionally, the stepwise targeting of FA and TPP guides AH@MBTF to accurately accumulate in tumor mitochondria, containing abnormally high levels of H2O2. As a catalyst, HRP mediates the oxidation reaction between ABTS and H2O2 to yield activated ABTS•+. Upon 808 nm laser irradiation, the activated ABTS•+ performs tumor-specific photothermal therapy, achieving the ablation of primary tumor by raising the tissue temperature. Collectively, this intelligent nanoreactor possesses profound potential in inhibiting tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Institute of Polymer Science in Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China
| | - Tianfeng Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, China
| | - Handan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Institute of Polymer Science in Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China
| | - Lin Weng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Institute of Polymer Science in Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China
| | - Xiuhong Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, China
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Institute of Polymer Science in Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Institute of Polymer Science in Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China
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