Intriguing insight into unanswered questions about Mpox: exploring health policy implications and considerations

The 2022 multi-country Monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak has added concerns to scientific research. However, unanswered questions about the disease remain. These unanswered questions lie in different aspects, such as transmission, the affected community, clinical presentations, infection and prevention control and treatment and vaccination. It is imperative to address these issues to stop the spread and transmission of disease. We documented unanswered questions with Mpox and offered suggestions that could help put health policy into practice. One of those questions is why gay, bisexual or other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) are the most affected community, underscoring the importance of prioritizing this community regarding treatment, vaccination and post-exposure prophylaxis. In addition, destigmatizing gbMSM and implementing community-based gbMSM consultation and action alongside ethical surveillance can facilitate other preventive measures such as ring vaccination to curb disease transmission and track vaccine efficacy. Relevant to that, vaccine and drug side effects have implied the questionability of their use and stimulated the importance of health policy development regarding expanded access and off-label use, expressing the need for safe drug and vaccine development manufacturing. The possibility of reverse zoonotic has also been raised, thus indicating the requirement to screen not only humans, but also their related animals to understand the real magnitude of reverse zoonosis and its potential risks. Implementing infection prevention and control measures to stop the virus circulation at the human-animal interface that includes One Health approach is essential.

Adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Dilemmas at the start of a new era

Approximately 50%-70% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma experience recurrence within five years after curative hepatic resection or ablation. As a result, many patients receive adjuvant therapy after curative resection or ablation in order to prolong recurrence-free survival. The therapy recommended by national guidelines can differ, and guidelines do not specify when to initiate adjuvant therapy or how long to continue it. These and other unanswered questions around adjuvant therapies make it difficult to optimize them and determine which may be more appropriate for a given type of patient. These questions need to be addressed by clinicians and researchers.

COVID-19 gripped the globe with some unnoticed facts and too many questions

Coronavirus disease started in late 2019 is abbreviated as COVID-19. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is also known as the 2019 novel Coronavirus (nCoV). It is a pandemic of this decade that has shown high morbidity and mortality via causing mild to severe respiratory tract infections in humans. Currently, no drugs are available for COVID-19 and some existing vaccines are also not available for the mass. Therefore, this virus is spreading continuously across the globe and spread could be stopped until sufficient numbers of the global human population have been infected or vaccinated to establish ‘herd immunity’. It gives protection to vulnerable people such as elderly people, newborn babies, and those who are sick. At the moment, the best way to fight COVID-19 and slow down the spread of the virus is isolation, social distancing, and intensive care for severe cases. Pandemics may strike again and we have to deeply think about some enigmatic condition of current COVID-19 pandemics and prepare the world adequately in the future. COVID-19 infection hits the world brutally and this monster trying to eat the whole world enigmatically. Therefore, this article exclusively spots some hidden/unnoticed facts that arise during the COVID-19 pandemic, many significant questions, and discusses some useful information that is very much essential, fundamental, and must be addressed by the research fraternity to combat COVID-19 effectively.