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Zürcher NR, Loggia ML, Lawson R, Chonde DB, Izquierdo-Garcia D, Yasek JE, Akeju O, Catana C, Rosen BR, Cudkowicz ME, Hooker JM, Atassi N. Increased in vivo glial activation in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: assessed with [(11)C]-PBR28. Neuroimage Clin 2015; 7:409-14. [PMID: 25685708 PMCID: PMC4310932 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from human post mortem, in vivo and animal model studies implicates the neuroimmune system and activated microglia in the pathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The study aim was to further evaluate in vivo neuroinflammation in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using [11C]-PBR28 positron emission tomography. Ten patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (seven males, three females, 38–68 years) and ten age- and [11C]-PBR28 binding affinity-matched healthy volunteers (six males, four females, 33–65 years) completed a positron emission tomography scan. Standardized uptake values were calculated from 60 to 90 min post-injection and normalized to whole brain mean. Voxel-wise analysis showed increased binding in the motor cortices and corticospinal tracts in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis compared to healthy controls (pFWE < 0.05). Region of interest analysis revealed increased [11C]-PBR28 binding in the precentral gyrus in patients (normalized standardized uptake value = 1.15) compared to controls (1.03, p < 0.05). In patients those values were positively correlated with upper motor neuron burden scores (r = 0.69, p < 0.05), and negatively correlated with the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale (r = –0.66, p < 0.05). Increased in vivo glial activation in motor cortices, that correlates with phenotype, complements previous histopathological reports. Further studies will determine the role of [11C]-PBR28 as a marker of treatments that target neuroinflammation. We used PET to image in vivo glial activation in the brain of patients with ALS. Increased [11C]PBR28 binding was observed in motor cortices in patients with ALS. Glial activation in the motor cortex correlated with ALS disease severity. Findings suggest clinical relevance of brain inflammation measured in vivo in ALS. [11C]-PBR28 could be used as an in vivo marker of upper motor neuron injury in ALS.
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Key Words
- ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- ALSFRS-R, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale revised
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- FWE, family-wise error rate
- MR, magnetic resonance
- Microglia
- Motor cortex
- Neuroinflammation
- PBR-28, peripheral benzodiazepine receptor 28
- PET, positron emission tomography
- Positron emission tomography
- SUV, standardized uptake value
- TSPO, 18 kDa translocator protein
- UMNB, upper motor neuron burden scale
- VC, vital capacity.
- [11C]PBR-28
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R Zürcher
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Marco L Loggia
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Robert Lawson
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel B Chonde
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - David Izquierdo-Garcia
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Julia E Yasek
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oluwaseun Akeju
- Department of Anesthesiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ciprian Catana
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Merit E Cudkowicz
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacob M Hooker
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Nazem Atassi
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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