1
|
Li Y, Zhou Z, Chen S, Pang X, Wu C, Li H, Zhang Y. Mitochondria-targeting fluorescent sensor with high photostability and permeability for visualizing viscosity in mitochondrial malfunction, inflammation, and AD models. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1250:340967. [PMID: 36898810 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Viscosity changes in mitochondria are closely associated with numerous cellular processes and diseases. Currently available fluorescence probes used in mitochondrial viscosity imaging are not very photostable or sufficiently permeable. Herein, a highly photostable and permeable mitochondria-targeting red fluorescent probe (Mito-DDP) was designed and synthesized for viscosity sensing. Viscosity was imaged in living cells using a confocal laser scanning microscope, and the results suggested that Mito-DDP penetrated the membrane and stained the living cells. Importantly, practical applications of Mito-DDP were demonstrated: viscosity visualization was realized for mitochondrial malfunction, cellular and zebrafish inflammation, and Drosophila Alzheimer's disease models, i.e., for subcellular organelles, cells, and organisms. The excellent analytical and bioimaging performance of Mito-DDP in vivo makes it an effective tool for exploring the physiological and pathological effects of viscosity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Academician Workstation and Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Zile Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shiying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xiao Pang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Haitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maleckaitė K, Dodonova J, Toliautas S, Žilėnaitė R, Jurgutis D, Karabanovas V, Tumkevičius S, Vyšniauskas A. Designing a Red-Emitting Viscosity-Sensitive BODIPY Fluorophore for Intracellular Viscosity Imaging. Chemistry 2021; 27:16768-16775. [PMID: 34553449 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Viscosity imaging at a microscopic scale can provide important information about biosystems, including the development of serious illnesses. Microviscosity imaging is achievable with viscosity-sensitive fluorophores, the most popular of which are based on the BODIPY group. However, most of the BODIPY probes fluoresce green light, whereas the red luminescence is desired for the imaging of biological samples. Designing a new viscosity probe with suitable spectroscopic properties is a challenging task because it is difficult to preserve viscosity sensitivity after modifying the molecular structure. Here we describe how we developed a new red-emitting, viscosity-sensitive, BODIPY fluorophore BP-PH-2M-NO2 that is suitable for reliable intracellular viscosity imaging of lipid droplets in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The design of BP-PH-2M-NO2 was aided by DFT calculations that allowed a successful prediction of the viscosity sensitivity of fluorophores before synthesis. In summary, we report a new red viscosity probe possessing monoexponential fluorescence decay that makes it attractive for lifetime-based viscosity imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Maleckaitė
- Center of Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio av. 3, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Jelena Dodonova
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, Vilnius, LT, 03225, Lithuania
| | - Stepas Toliautas
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio av. 9-III, Vilnius, LT, 10222, Lithuania
| | - Rugilė Žilėnaitė
- Center of Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio av. 3, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Džiugas Jurgutis
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, P. Baublio str. 3b, Vilnius, LT, 08406, Lithuania
| | - Vitalijus Karabanovas
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, P. Baublio str. 3b, Vilnius, LT, 08406, Lithuania.,Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio av. 11, Vilnius, LT, 10223, Lithuania
| | - Sigitas Tumkevičius
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, Vilnius, LT, 03225, Lithuania
| | - Aurimas Vyšniauskas
- Center of Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio av. 3, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pogoda K, Charrier EE, Janmey PA. A Novel Method to Make Polyacrylamide Gels with Mechanical Properties Resembling those of Biological Tissues. Bio Protoc 2021; 11:e4131. [PMID: 34541049 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies characterizing how cells respond to the mechanical properties of their environment have been enabled by the use of soft elastomers and hydrogels as substrates for cell culture. A limitation of most such substrates is that, although their elastic properties can be accurately controlled, their viscous properties cannot, and cells respond to both elasticity and viscosity in the extracellular material to which they bind. Some approaches to endow soft substrates with viscosity as well as elasticity are based on coupling static and dynamic crosslinks in series within polymer networks or forming gels with a combination of sparse chemical crosslinks and steric entanglements. These materials form viscoelastic fluids that have revealed significant effects of viscous dissipation on cell function; however, they do not completely capture the mechanical features of soft solid tissues. In this report, we describe a method to make viscoelastic solids that more closely mimic some soft tissues using a combination of crosslinked networks and entrapped linear polymers. Both the elastic and viscous moduli of these substrates can be altered separately, and methods to attach cells to either the elastic or the viscous part of the network are described. Graphic abstract: Polyacrylamide gels with independently controlled elasticity and viscosity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pogoda
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elisabeth E Charrier
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul A Janmey
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Charrier EE, Pogoda K, Li R, Wells RG, Janmey PA. Elasticity-dependent response of malignant cells to viscous dissipation. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 20:145-54. [PMID: 32785801 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-020-01374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The stiffness of the cellular environment controls malignant cell phenotype and proliferation. However, the effect of viscous dissipation on these parameters has not yet been investigated, in part due to the lack of in vitro cell substrates reproducing the mechanical properties of normal tissues and tumors. In this article, we use a newly reported viscoelastic polyacrylamide gel cell substrate, and we characterize the impact of viscous dissipation on three malignant cell lines: DU145 and PC3 derived from prostate and LN229 from brain. The spreading, motility and proliferation rates of these cells were analyzed on 1 kPa and 5 kPa elastic and viscoelastic gels. Surprisingly, the effect of substrate viscous dissipation on cell behavior depended on substrate stiffness for the three cell types tested. We conclude that viscoelasticity controls the spreading, proliferation and migration of malignant cells in vitro. These results highlight the critical role of viscous dissipation in the phenotype and proliferation of malignant cells, especially in stiff tumor environments.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang H, Fang B, Xiao L, Li D, Zhou L, Kong L, Yu Y, Li X, Wu Y, Hu Z. A water-soluble "turn-on" fluorescent probe for specifically imaging mitochondria viscosity in living cells. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 203:127-131. [PMID: 29864636 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.05.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rational design of water-soluble probes for mitochondrial viscosity in practical biological applications remains a challenge. Herein, we described a novel hydro soluble benzothiazole salt derivative MitoSN, which exhibits specifically response and singular sensitivity to the mitochondria viscosity in living Hela cells. MitoSN displays an excellent fluorescence enhancement (ca. 35-fold) with the increase of the viscosity in the water-glycerol system. Moreover, confocal microscopy indicates that MitoSN is sensitive to the local viscosity and selectively stains mitochondria, the body of zebrafish as well. Importantly, MitoSN is capable to identify the viscosity difference of mitochondria in normal and nystatin treated Hela cells. The work provides a useful tool to monitor the changes of viscosity in the mitochondrial microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China.
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Lufei Xiao
- Department of Food and Environmental Engineering, Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College, Chuzhou 239000, PR China.
| | - Di Li
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Le Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Lin Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Xiangzi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Yunjun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Zhangjun Hu
- Division of Molecular Surface Physics & Nanoscience, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|