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Wong CWT, Sawhney A, Wu Y, Mak YW, Tian XY, Chan HF, Blocki A. Sourcing of human peripheral blood-derived myeloid angiogenic cells under xeno-free conditions for the treatment of critical limb ischemia. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:419. [PMID: 35964057 PMCID: PMC9375284 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is the most severe form of peripheral artery disease and exhibits a high risk of lower extremity amputations. As even the most promising experimental approaches based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) demonstrated only moderate therapeutic effects, we hypothesized that other cell types with intrinsic roles in angiogenesis may exhibit a stronger therapeutic potential. We have previously established a protocol to source human peripheral blood-derived angiogenic cells (BDACs). These cells promoted revascularization and took perivascular location at sites of angiogenesis, thus resembling hematopoietic pericytes, which were only described in vivo so far. We thus hypothesized that BDACs might have a superior ability to promote revascularization and rescue the affected limb in CLI. METHODS As standard BDAC sourcing techniques involve the use of animal-derived serum, we sought to establish a xeno- and/or serum-free protocol. Next, BDACs or MSCs were injected intramuscularly following the ligation of the iliac artery in a murine model. Their ability to enhance revascularization, impair necrosis and modulate inflammatory processes in the affected limb was investigated. Lastly, the secretomes of both cell types were compared to find potential indications for the observed differences in angiogenic potential. RESULTS From the various commercial media tested, one xeno-free medium enabled the derivation of cells that resembled functional BDACs in comparable numbers. When applied to a murine model of CLI, both cell types enhanced limb reperfusion and reduced necrosis, with BDACs being twice as effective as MSCs. This was also reflected in histological evaluation, where BDAC-treated animals exhibited the least muscle tissue degeneration. The BDAC secretome was enriched in a larger number of proteins with pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting that the combination of those factors may be responsible for the superior therapeutic effect. CONCLUSIONS Functional BDACs can be sourced under xeno-free conditions paving the way for their safe clinical application. Since BDACs are derived from an easily accessible and renewable tissue, can be sourced in clinically relevant numbers and time frame and exceeded traditional MSCs in their therapeutic potential, they may represent an advantageous cell type for the treatment of CLI and other ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Wing Tung Wong
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Apurva Sawhney
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yalan Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi Wah Mak
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hon Fai Chan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anna Blocki
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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