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Zhang Y, Xu X, Ji W, Qi S, Bao Q, Cao Z, Liu W, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Chen G. Relationship of knob morphometric analysis with production performance and meat quality in Yangzhou goose ( Anser cygnoides). Front Physiol 2023; 14:1291202. [PMID: 38028791 PMCID: PMC10663212 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1291202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the knob in Chinese geese (Anser cygnodies) is an outcome of extensive and prolonged selection and breeding. The knob serves not only as a visual indicator of sexual maturity in geese but also holds significance as a crucial packaging trait that attracts attention of consumers attentions, who tend to distinctly prefer geese with larger knobs. Consequently, investigating the formation of the knob holds practical value, as it will help achieving external traits aligned with consumers' preferences. To understand the relationship between knob size, production efficiency, and meat quality in Yangzhou geese, we examined histological and anatomical characteristics in 500- and 120-day-old geese with large and small knobs. Notably, knob size had a pronounced impact on key anatomical and structural parameters, such as chest depth, leg muscle water-binding capacity, and insoluble collagen composition in Yangzhou geese (p < 0.05). In addition, we measured testosterone and estrogen levels in male and female geese, respectively, as well as growth hormone, and found that birds of both sexes with a large knob had higher sex and growth hormone levels in the body. This study established a fundamental theoretical basis for advancing the enhancement of goose knob traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinlei Xu
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wangyang Ji
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shangzong Qi
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Bao
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Cao
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Yangzhou Tiangge Goose Industry Development Company Limited, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guohong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Melak S, Wang Q, Tian Y, Wei W, Zhang L, Elbeltagy A, Chen J. Identification and Validation of Marketing Weight-Related SNP Markers Using SLAF Sequencing in Male Yangzhou Geese. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1203. [PMID: 34440377 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth performance is a complex economic trait for avian production. The swan goose (Anser cygnoides) has never been exploited genetically like chickens or other waterfowl species such as ducks. Traditional phenotypic selection is still the main method for genetic improvement of geese body weight. In this study, specific locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) with bulked segregant analysis (BSA) was conducted for discovering and genotyping single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with marketing weight trait in male geese. A total of 149,045 SNPs were obtained from 427,093 SLAF tags with an average sequencing depth of 44.97-fold and a Q30 value of 93.26%. After SNPs' filtering, a total of 12,917 SNPs were included in the study. The 31 highest significant SNPs-which had different allelic frequencies-were further validated by individual-based AS-PCR genotyping in two populations. The association between 10 novel SNPs and the marketing weight of male geese was confirmed. The 10 significant SNPs were involved in linear regression model analysis, which confirmed single-SNP associations and revealed three types of SNP networks for marketing weight. The 10 significant SNPs were located within or close to 10 novel genes, which were identified. The qPCR analysis showed significant difference between genotypes of each SNP in seven genes. Developed SLAF-seq and identified genes will enrich growth performance studies, promoting molecular breeding applications to boost the marketing weight of Chinese geese.
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Zhu HX, Hu MD, Guo BB, Qu XL, Lei MM, Chen R, Chen Z, Shi ZD. Effect and molecular regulatory mechanism of monochromatic light colors on the egg-laying performance of Yangzhou geese. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 204:131-139. [PMID: 30954314 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Photoperiodic control is essential for manipulating the reproductive performance of avian species. This study was conducted to assess the neuroendocrine mechanisms that regulate reproductive functions of Yangzhou geese when there are different monochromatic light colors from light emitter diode (LED) sources. A flock of geese was divided into four groups with white, red, blue, and green light treatments being imposed. The results indicated that peak laying rates and reproductive performance were greater in geese treated with white or red as compared with blue or green light treatments. The fertilization rate of eggs and hatchability of fertilized eggs were greater with the white or red as compared with blue or green light treatments. There was a greater abundance of OPN5, Dio2, c-Fos, and GnRH-I mRNA in the hypothalamus earlier in the treatment period and abundances of these hypothalamic factors were greater with the white or red light treatments. Abundances of pituitary LH beta and FSH beta mRNA increased at a lesser rate with the blue or green light treatments and were in greater abundances with the white or red light treatments. The lighting regimen also resulted in photo-refractoriness with there being greater abundances of GnIH, VIP, and PRL mRNA with the use of white or red light treatments. The results indicate that the use of white or red monochromatic lights while imposing a long photoperiod of 11 h daily could result in sustaining functions of the reproductive system of Yangzhou geese for considerably longer times, thus, resulting in greater egg-laying performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - M D Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - B B Guo
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210031, China
| | - X L Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - M M Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - R Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Z Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Z D Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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Chen Y, Gong X, Li G, Lin M, Huo Y, Li S, Zhao G. Effects of dietary alfalfa flavonoids extraction on growth performance, organ development and blood biochemical indexes of Yangzhou geese aged from 28 to 70 days. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:318-322. [PMID: 29767076 PMCID: PMC5941057 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary alfalfa flavonoids extraction supplemental level on growth performance, organ development and blood biochemical indexes of Yangzhou geese at the age of 28 to 70 days. Two hundred and forty 21-day-old healthy male geese with similar body weight were randomly distributed into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate. Geese in the control group were fed a basal diet and the others in the experimental groups (groups 1, 2, and 3) were fed experimental diets supplemented with 150, 300 and 450 mg/kg alfalfa flavonoids extraction (the concentration of it was 81%), respectively. The experiment had 7 days for pre-test and 42 days for formal test. The results showed that the final body weight and average daily intake of group 2 were significantly higher than those of other groups (P < 0.05). The average daily gain of group 2 was significantly higher than that in the control group and group 1 (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in feed-to-gain ratio between each group (P > 0.05). Pre-slaughter live weight, carcass weight, slaughter rate, semi-eviscerated weight, semi-eviscerated rate, eviscerated weight, eviscerated rate, leg muscle weight and leg muscle rate had no significant difference between each group (P > 0.05). The breast muscle weight and ratio of each test group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05) and the group 2 was the best. The abdominal fat weight and ratio in the group 1 were significantly higher than those in the control group and group 3 (P < 0.05) and the tibia weight in the group 2 was significantly higher than that in the control group and group 1 (P < 0.05); There were no significant differences in heart weight, liver weight and the gland stomach weight among all groups (P > 0.05). Spleen weight in test groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The bursa weight and muscular stomach weight in the group 2 were significantly higher than those in the control group and group 1 (P < 0.05). In serum, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and urea nitrogen in the group 2 were significantly lower comparing with those in the control group (P < 0.05). High-density lipoprotein in the group 2 was significantly higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in total serum protein, albumin, globulin and albumin/globulin among all groups (P > 0.05). Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase (AST) in groups 2 and 3 were higher than those in the group 1 and control group but not obvious (P > 0.05) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in groups 1 and 2 was higher than that in the control group and group 3 (P > 0.05). It is concluded that alfalfa flavonoids extraction added in dietary feed improve the growth performance, organ development and blood biochemical indexes of Yangzhou geese. It is concluded that 300 mg/kg supplemental level of the dietary alfalfa flavonoids extraction is optimal in this experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guodong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Miao Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yongjiu Huo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shengli Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoqi Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Cui LL, Wang JF, Xie KZ, Li AH, Geng TY, Sun LR, Liu JY, Zhao M, Zhang GX, Dai GJ, Wang JY. Analysis of meat flavor compounds in pedigree and two-strain Yangzhou geese. Poult Sci 2015; 94:2266-71. [PMID: 26188029 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the meat flavor compounds of Yangzhou geese, including one group of pedigree strain (AA group) and 4 groups of 2-strain crossbreds (KA, KB, CA, and SA). Each group consisted of 100 geese comprised of 5 replicates of 10 males and 10 females each. Inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP), amino acid (AA), and fatty acid (FA) levels in breast and thigh muscle were determined. Results showed that AA group had the highest levels of total amino acid (TAA) and dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) in breast muscle and of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in thigh muscle (P<0.05). In SA group, the levels of C17:1, C22:0, C22:1, C20:4, and C24:1 in breast muscle were significantly higher in SA than in other groups (P<0.05). KB group had the lowest glycine levels in breast muscle (P<0.05) while MUFA levels were significantly higher in KB than in other groups (P<0.05). In KA, the levels of C18:3 in breast muscle in were higher than in CA and KB (P<0.05). CA had relevant higher IMPc levels in breast muscle than SA (P<0.05) and other groups (P>0.05); however, no significant differences were obtained in thigh muscle (P>0.05). In conclusion, Yangzhou AA goose has high levels of meat flavor compounds than its crossbreeds. Future efforts should focus on assessing meat flavor through measurement of sensory characteristics of Yangzhou geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - J F Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - K Z Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - A H Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - T Y Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - L R Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - J Y Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - M Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - G X Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - G J Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - J Y Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
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