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Abstract
Fish eyes require high Zn levels to support their early development. Although numerous studies have been conducted on the nutritional and toxic effects of Zn on the eye, the Zn requirement for retinal cell development is still debatable. Moreover, due to the complexity of the retinal structure, it is difficult to clearly visualize each retinal layer and accurately separate cell morphology in vivo by conventional methods. In the present study, we for the first time have achieved nanoscale imaging of retinal anatomy affected by dietary and waterborne Zn exposure by novel expansion microscopy. We demonstrated that the fish retina showed different developmental strategies in response to dietary and aqueous Zn exposures. Excess dietary Zn produced toxicity to retinal photoreceptor cells, resulting in a reduction in cell number and cell area, and this toxicity became severe with biological development. In contrast, waterborne Zn in the natural environment probably failed to meet the Zn requirements of retinal development. Overall, our results indicated that during early development, the Zn requirement of the fish eyes was sensitive, and oversupplementation led to impaired photoreceptor cell development. Our study has provided new perspectives using the powerful and novel expansion microscopy technique in toxicity assessment, enabling ultra-clear visualization of small but complex organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 518057, China
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 518057, China
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Li L, Abouelezz KFM, Gou Z, Lin X, Wang Y, Fan Q, Cheng Z, Ding F, Jiang S, Jiang Z. Optimization of Dietary Zinc Requirement for Broiler Breeder Hens of Chinese Yellow-Feathered Chicken. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9070472. [PMID: 31340566 PMCID: PMC6680541 DOI: 10.3390/ani9070472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary China is the second-largest global producer of chicken meat, almost half of which is from the Chinese yellow-feathered breed; a systematic program has been initiated to improve its feeding standards. This study evaluated the optimal requirement of dietary zinc for maximal egg production, egg quality, tibial quality, and antioxidant indices of laying broiler breeders. The results revealed several beneficial effects of supplementary zinc on egg production, feed conversion ratio, yolk zinc content, tibial quality and the antioxidant indices in the serum, liver and ovary. The optimal zinc requirement was estimated based on a regression model. Abstract This study aimed to establish the optimal dietary zinc requirement of Chinese yellow-feathered Lingnan broiler breeders. A total of 576 breeder hens aged 58 weeks were randomly assigned to six treatments, each with 6 replicates of 16 birds (n = 96/treatment). The hens were fed either a basal diet (22.81 mg/kg Zn) or the same basal diet supplemented with additional 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 mg Zn/kg up to 65 weeks of age. Compared to the results of birds fed the basal diet (22.81 mg Zn/kg), the dietary supplementation with additional Zn (mg/kg) showed higher egg laying rate (at 48–120 mg), EM (at 96 mg/kg), yolk Zn content (at 24–120 mg/kg), fertility (at 48–120 mg/kg), hatchability (at 48–96 mg/kg), tibial breaking strength (at 24–48 mg/kg), tibial ash content (at 48 mg/kg), serum CuZnSOD activity (at 72 mg/kg) and T-AOC (at 48 mg/kg), and ovarian CuZnSOD and GSH-Px activities (at 96–120 mg/kg), and lower FCR (at 96 mg/kg). The regression model showed that the optimal supplemental Zn for maximal egg laying rate, yolk Zn content, fertility, and hatchability of Chinese yellow-feathered broiler breeders aged 58 to 65 weeks were 71.09, 92.34, 94.44 and 98.65 mg/kg diet, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - K F M Abouelezz
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Z Gou
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - X Lin
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Y Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Q Fan
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Z Cheng
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - F Ding
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - S Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Z Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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