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Serra G, Antona V, Cimador M, Collodoro G, Guida M, Piro E, Schierz IAM, Verde V, Giuffrè M, Corsello G. New insights on partial trisomy 3q syndrome: de novo 3q27.1-q29 duplication in a newborn with pre and postnatal overgrowth and assisted reproductive conception. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:17. [PMID: 36759911 PMCID: PMC9909891 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duplications of the long arm of chromosome 3 are rare, and associated to a well-defined contiguous gene syndrome known as partial trisomy 3q syndrome. It has been first described in 1966 by Falek et al., and since then around 100 patients have been reported. Clinical manifestations include characteristic facial dysmorphic features, microcephaly, hirsutism, congenital heart disease, genitourinary anomalies, hand and feet abnormalities, growth disturbances and intellectual disability. Most of cases are due to unbalanced translocations, inherited from a parent carrying a balanced aberration (reciprocal translocation or inversion), and rarely the genomic anomaly arises de novo. Very few studies report on the prenatal identification of such rearrangements. CASE PRESENTATION Hereby, we report on a newborn with a rare pure duplication of the long arm of chromosome 3. Noninvasive prenatal test (cell free fetal DNA analysis on maternal blood), performed for advanced parental age and use of assisted reproductive technique, evidenced a partial 3q trisomy. Then, invasive cytogenetic (standard and molecular) investigations, carried out through amniocentesis, confirmed and defined a 3q27.1-q29 duplication spanning 10.9 Mb, and including about 80 genes. Our patient showed clinical findings (typical facial dysmorphic features, esotropia, short neck, atrial septal defect, hepatomegaly, mild motor delay) compatible with partial trisomy 3q syndrome diagnosis, in addition to pre- and postnatal overgrowth. CONCLUSIONS Advanced parental age increases the probability of chromosomal and/or genomic anomalies, while ART that of epigenomic defects. Both conditions, thus, deserve more careful prenatal monitoring and screening/diagnostic investigations. Among the latter, cell free fetal DNA testing can detect large segmental aneuploidies, along with chromosomal abnormalities. It identified in our patient a wide 3q rearrangement, then confirmed and defined through invasive molecular cytogenetic analysis. Neonatologists and pediatricians must be aware of the potential risks associated to duplication syndromes. Therefore, they should offer to affected subjects an adequate management and early and careful follow-up. These may be able to guarantee to patients satisfactory growth and development profiles, prevent and/or limit neurodevelopmental disorders, and timely recognition of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Serra
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Antona
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Cimador
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgia Collodoro
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ettore Piro
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Verde
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Giuffrè
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Marchina E, Forti M, Tonelli M, Maccarini S, Malvestiti F, Piantoni C, Filippini E, Fazzi E, Borsani G. Molecular characterization of a complex small supernumerary marker chromosome derived from chromosome 18p: an addition to the literature. Mol Cytogenet 2021; 14:6. [PMID: 33472639 PMCID: PMC7818575 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-020-00519-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) are a heterogeneous group of structurally abnormal chromosomes, with an incidence of 0,044% in newborns that increases up to almost 7 times in developmentally retarded patients. sSMC from all 24 chromosome have been described, most of them originate from the group of the acrocentric, with around half deriving from the chromosome 15. Non-acrocentric sSMC are less common and, in the 30 percent of the cases, are associated with phenotypic effect. Complex sSMC consist of chromosomal material derived from more than one chromosome. Genotype–phenotype correlations in patients with sSMC are difficult to assess. Clinical features depend on factors such as its size, genetic content, the involvement of imprinted genes which may be influenced by uniparental disomy and the level of mosaicism. Trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 18 (18p) is an infrequent finding and does not appear to be associated with a specific syndrome. However, mild intellectual disability with or without other anomalies is reported in almost one-third of the patients. Case presentation Here we present clinical and molecular characterization of a new case of de novo complex sSMC consisting of the entire short arm of chromosome 18p associated with a centromere of either chromosome 13 or 21, evidenced in a 5-year-old boy during diagnostic workup for moderate intellectual disability and dysmorphisms. To date, only seven cases of isolated trisomy 18p due to a sSMC have been reported, three of which have been characterized by array CGH. In two of them the breakpoints and the size of the duplication have been described. In the manuscript we also reviewed cases reported in the DECIPHER database carrying similar duplication and also considered smaller duplications within the region of interest, in order to evaluate the presence of critical regions implicated in the pathological phenotype. Conclusions Our case provides additional information about phenotypic effects of pure trisomy 18p, confirms chromosomal microarray analysis as gold standard to characterize complex sSMC, and supplies additional elements for genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Marchina
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Michela Forti
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mariella Tonelli
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Maccarini
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Piantoni
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Civil Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Filippini
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Civil Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Fazzi
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Civil Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Borsani
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Lombardo B, Ceglia C, Tarsitano M, Pierucci I, Salvatore F, Pastore L. Identification of a deletion in the NDUFS4 gene using array-comparative genomic hybridization in a patient with suspected mitochondrial respiratory disease. Gene 2013; 535:376-9. [PMID: 24295889 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated a patient, born after a normal 38-week pregnancy, with psychomotor retardation, poor coordination of ocular movements, recurrent vomiting and severe lactic acidosis. The patient was admitted to hospital at 2 months of age because of a mitochondrial-like syndrome and died at the age of 4.5 months. Array-comparative genomic hybridization (a-CGH) analysis revealed a homozygous deletion in 5q11.2 involving NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 4, 18 kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase; NDUFS4). Both parents were heterozygous for the mutation. The array revealed a deletion of ~32kb that includes exon 2 of NDUFS4 subsequently confirmed by real time-PCR and multiplex PCR. NDUFS4 was previously correlated to Leigh syndrome since mutations in this gene block the assembly of complex I. This result demonstrates the relevance of a-CGH screening in patients affected by metabolic disorders of unknown etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lombardo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.
| | | | | | - Ippolito Pierucci
- U.O.C. di Pediatria, Presidio Ospedaliero dell'Immacolata, Sapri, Italy
| | | | - Lucio Pastore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
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