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Cárdenas-Conejo Y, Narváez-Zapata JA, Carballo-Uicab VM, Aguilar-Espinosa M, Us-Camas R, Escobar-Turriza P, Comai L, Rivera-Madrid R. Gene expression profile during seed development of Bixa orellana accessions varying in bixin pigment. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1066509. [PMID: 36875614 PMCID: PMC9975726 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1066509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Diverse morphological, cellular and physiological changes occur during seed maturation in Bixa orellana when the seed tissues form specialized cell glands that produce reddish latex with high bixin amounts. Transcriptomic profiling during seed development in three B. orellana accessions (P12, N4 and N5) with contrasting morphologic characteristics showed enrichment in pathways of triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and cuticular wax biosynthesis. WGCNA allows groups of all identified genes in six modules the module turquoise, the largest and highly correlated with the bixin content. The high number of genes in this module suggests a diversification of regulatory mechanisms for bixin accumulation with the genes belonging to isoprene, triterpenes and carotene pathways, being more highly correlated with the bixin content. Analysis of key genes of the mevalonate (MVA) and the 2C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathways revealed specific activities of orthologs of BoHMGR, BoFFP, BoDXS, and BoHDR. This suggests that isoprenoid production is necessary for compounds included in the reddish latex of developing seeds. The carotenoid-related genes BoPSY2, BoPDS1 and BoZDS displayed a high correlation with bixin production, consistent with the requirement for carotene precursors for apocarotenoid biosynthesis. The BoCCD gene member (BoCCD4-4) and some BoALDH (ALDH2B7.2 and ALDH3I1) and BoMET (BoSABATH1 and BoSABATH8) gene members were highly correlated to bixin in the final seed development stage. This suggested a contributing role for several genes in apocarotenoid production. The results revealed high genetic complexity in the biosynthesis of reddish latex and bixin in specialized seed cell glands in different accessions of B. orellana suggesting gene expression coordination between both metabolite biosynthesis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Cárdenas-Conejo
- Laboratorio de Agrobiotecnología, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT)-Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | - Víctor Manuel Carballo-Uicab
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C., Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Margarita Aguilar-Espinosa
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C., Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Rosa Us-Camas
- Departamento de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Calkiní, en el Estado de Campeche, Calkiní, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Pedro Escobar-Turriza
- Segunda División de Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación Científica y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luca Comai
- Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Renata Rivera-Madrid
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C., Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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Pereira ACM, de Oliveira Carvalho H, Gonçalves DES, Picanço KRT, de Lima Teixeira dos Santos AVT, da Silva HR, Braga FS, Bezerra RM, de Sousa Nunes A, Nazima MTST, Cerqueira JG, Taglialegna T, Teixeira JM, Carvalho JCT. Co-Treatment of Purified Annatto Oil ( Bixa orellana L.) and Its Granules (Chronic ®) Improves the Blood Lipid Profile and Bone Protective Effects of Testosterone in the Orchiectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in Wistar Rats. Molecules 2021; 26:4720. [PMID: 34443306 PMCID: PMC8399955 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of co-treatment with purified annatto oil (PAO) or its granules (GRA, Chronic®) with that of testosterone on the orchiectomy-induced osteoporosis in Wistar rats. After surgery, rats were treated from day 7 until day 45 with testosterone only (TES, 7 mg/kg, IM) or TES + PAO or GRA (200 mg/kg, p.o.). The following parameters were evaluated: food/water intake, weight, HDL, LDL, glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), alkaline phosphatase levels, blood phosphorus and calcium contents, femur weight, structure (through scanning electron microscopy), and calcium content (through atomic absorption spectrophotometry). Our results show that orchiectomy could significantly change the blood lipid profile and decrease bone integrity parameters. Testosterone reposition alone could improve some endpoints, including LDL, TC, bone weight, and bone calcium concentration. However, other parameters were not significantly improved. Co-treatment with PAO or GRA improved the blood lipid profile and bone integrity more significantly and improved some endpoints not affected by testosterone reposition alone (such as TG levels and trabeculae sizes). The results suggest that co-treatment with annatto products improved the blood lipid profile and the anti-osteoporosis effects of testosterone. Overall, GRA had better results than PAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlindo César Matias Pereira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (A.C.M.P.); (H.d.O.C.); (D.E.S.G.); (K.R.T.P.); (A.V.T.d.L.T.d.S.); (H.R.d.S.); (A.d.S.N.); (M.T.S.T.N.); (J.M.T.)
| | - Helison de Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (A.C.M.P.); (H.d.O.C.); (D.E.S.G.); (K.R.T.P.); (A.V.T.d.L.T.d.S.); (H.R.d.S.); (A.d.S.N.); (M.T.S.T.N.); (J.M.T.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inovação Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil
| | - Danna Emanuelle Santos Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (A.C.M.P.); (H.d.O.C.); (D.E.S.G.); (K.R.T.P.); (A.V.T.d.L.T.d.S.); (H.R.d.S.); (A.d.S.N.); (M.T.S.T.N.); (J.M.T.)
| | - Karyny Roberta Tavares Picanço
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (A.C.M.P.); (H.d.O.C.); (D.E.S.G.); (K.R.T.P.); (A.V.T.d.L.T.d.S.); (H.R.d.S.); (A.d.S.N.); (M.T.S.T.N.); (J.M.T.)
| | - Abrahão Victor Tavares de Lima Teixeira dos Santos
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (A.C.M.P.); (H.d.O.C.); (D.E.S.G.); (K.R.T.P.); (A.V.T.d.L.T.d.S.); (H.R.d.S.); (A.d.S.N.); (M.T.S.T.N.); (J.M.T.)
| | - Heitor Ribeiro da Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (A.C.M.P.); (H.d.O.C.); (D.E.S.G.); (K.R.T.P.); (A.V.T.d.L.T.d.S.); (H.R.d.S.); (A.d.S.N.); (M.T.S.T.N.); (J.M.T.)
| | - Francinaldo Sarges Braga
- Laboratório de Absorção Atômica e Bioprospecção, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (F.S.B.); (R.M.B.)
| | - Roberto Messias Bezerra
- Laboratório de Absorção Atômica e Bioprospecção, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (F.S.B.); (R.M.B.)
| | - Alessandro de Sousa Nunes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (A.C.M.P.); (H.d.O.C.); (D.E.S.G.); (K.R.T.P.); (A.V.T.d.L.T.d.S.); (H.R.d.S.); (A.d.S.N.); (M.T.S.T.N.); (J.M.T.)
| | - Maira Tiyomi Sacata Tongo Nazima
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (A.C.M.P.); (H.d.O.C.); (D.E.S.G.); (K.R.T.P.); (A.V.T.d.L.T.d.S.); (H.R.d.S.); (A.d.S.N.); (M.T.S.T.N.); (J.M.T.)
| | - Júlia Gomes Cerqueira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (J.G.C.); (T.T.)
| | - Talisson Taglialegna
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (J.G.C.); (T.T.)
| | - Janayra Maris Teixeira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (A.C.M.P.); (H.d.O.C.); (D.E.S.G.); (K.R.T.P.); (A.V.T.d.L.T.d.S.); (H.R.d.S.); (A.d.S.N.); (M.T.S.T.N.); (J.M.T.)
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil; (A.C.M.P.); (H.d.O.C.); (D.E.S.G.); (K.R.T.P.); (A.V.T.d.L.T.d.S.); (H.R.d.S.); (A.d.S.N.); (M.T.S.T.N.); (J.M.T.)
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (J.G.C.); (T.T.)
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Dai S, Li X, Ni J, Ruan L, Zhou R, Ng WL. The complete chloroplast genome of the lipstick tree, Bixa Orellana (Bixaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2018; 4:17-18. [PMID: 33365401 PMCID: PMC7510647 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1535847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bixa orellana is a small tree known for its red, oil-soluble pigment contained in the seed coat that is used as a natural dye and food coloring. In this study, we assembled and characterized the complete chloroplast genome of B. orellana as a resource for future genetic studies. With a total length of 159,825 bp, the chloroplast genome comprised of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 89,476 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 19,617 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 25,356 bp each. A total of 127 genes were predicted, consisting of 83 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the position of B. orellana within the order Malvales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seping Dai
- Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuwen Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong Ni
- Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Ruan
- Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renchao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Lun Ng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Rojo de la Vega M, Krajisnik A, Zhang DD, Wondrak GT. Targeting NRF2 for Improved Skin Barrier Function and Photoprotection: Focus on the Achiote-Derived Apocarotenoid Bixin. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9121371. [PMID: 29258247 PMCID: PMC5748821 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2) orchestrates major cellular defense mechanisms including phase-II detoxification, inflammatory signaling, DNA repair, and antioxidant response. Recent studies strongly suggest a protective role of NRF2-mediated gene expression in the suppression of cutaneous photodamage induced by solar UV (ultraviolet) radiation. The apocarotenoid bixin, a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved natural food colorant (referred to as ‘annatto’) originates from the seeds of the achiote tree native to tropical America, consumed by humans since ancient times. Use of achiote preparations for skin protection against environmental insult and for enhanced wound healing has long been documented. We have recently reported that (i) bixin is a potent canonical activator of the NRF2-dependent cytoprotective response in human skin keratinocytes; that (ii) systemic administration of bixin activates NRF2 with protective effects against solar UV-induced skin damage; and that (iii) bixin-induced suppression of photodamage is observable in Nrf2+/+ but not in Nrf2−/− SKH-1 mice confirming the NRF2-dependence of bixin-induced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, bixin displays molecular activities as sacrificial antioxidant, excited state quencher, PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) α/γ agonist, and TLR (Toll-like receptor) 4/NFκB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) antagonist, all of which might be relevant to the enhancement of skin barrier function and environmental stress protection. Potential skin photoprotection and photochemoprevention benefits provided by topical application or dietary consumption of this ethno-pharmacologically validated phytochemical originating from the Americas deserves further preclinical and clinical examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Rojo de la Vega
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Andrea Krajisnik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Donna D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Georg T Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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Rivera-Madrid R, Aguilar-Espinosa M, Cárdenas-Conejo Y, Garza-Caligaris LE. Carotenoid Derivates in Achiote ( Bixa orellana) Seeds: Synthesis and Health Promoting Properties. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1406. [PMID: 27708658 PMCID: PMC5030781 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bixa orellana (family Bixaceae) is a neotropical fast growing perennial tree of great agro-industrial value because its seeds have a high carotenoid content, mainly bixin. It has been used since pre-colonial times as a culinary colorant and spice, and for healing purposes. It is currently used as a natural pigment in the food, in pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, and it is commercially known as annatto. Recently, several studies have addressed the biological and medical properties of this natural pigment, both as potential source of new drugs or because its ingestion as a condiment or diet supplement may protect against several diseases. The most documented properties are anti-oxidative; but its anti-cancer, hypoglucemic, antibiotic and anti-inflammatory properties are also being studied. Bixin's pathway elucidation and its regulation mechanisms are critical to improve the produce of this important carotenoid. Even though the bixin pathway has been established, the regulation of the genes involved in bixin production remains largely unknown. Our laboratory recently published B. orellana's transcriptome and we have identified most of its MEP (methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate) and carotenoid pathway genes. Annatto is a potential source of new drugs and can be a valuable nutraceutical supplement. However, its nutritional and healing properties require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Rivera-Madrid
- Unidad de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C.Mérida, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Renata Rivera-Madrid,
| | - Margarita Aguilar-Espinosa
- Unidad de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C.Mérida, Mexico
| | | | - Luz E. Garza-Caligaris
- Unidad de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C.Mérida, Mexico
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