[Characteristic of innate and acquired immunity in adaptation disorders]

OBJECTIVE

To determine factors of innate and acquired immunity in adaptation disorders with a predominance of asthenic or anxiety-depressive syndrome.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Twenty-five patients with ICD-10 diagnosis of «Adaptation Disorders» (F43.2), including 9 with asthenic syndrome and 16 with anxiety-depressive syndrome, were examined. The control group consisted of 23 healthy individuals. The relative number of lymphocyte phenotypes was determined by flow cytometry; the concentration of IgM, IgG, IgA, aAB to S100b and MBP - by ELISA; CIC level - by the method of selective precipitation with PEG-6000; phagocytic activity of neutrophils by a test system with melamine-formaldehyde latex; activities of leukocyte elastase (LE) and α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) by a spectrophotometric method.

RESULTS

There were significant changes in the parameters of acquired immunity in the group with asthenic syndrome and those of innate immunity in the group with anxiety-depressive syndrome. An increase in α1-PI activity, in the total number of significant correlations between different immunological parameters, in the involvement of α1-PI in integration of acquired and innate immunity were observed in the anxiety-depressive group compared with the asthenic group.

CONCLUSIONS

The peculiarities of stress response in patients with leading anxiety-depressive syndrome are the high activity of α1-PI, which, along with the strengthening of correlation intersystem associations and the involvement of this protein in the integration of acquired and innate immunity, allows us to consider α1-PI as a criterion that improves the accuracy of diagnosis of the nature of the course of adaptation disorders.

[Cluster analysis of inflammatory markers in disorders of adaptation]

AIM

To determine immunophenotypes of patients with adaptation disorders using cluster analysis. The level of inflammatory markers such as leukocyte elastase (LE) enzyme activity and functional activity of α1-protease inhibitor (α1-PI) were used as a classifying attribute (characteristic).

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The results of evaluation of enzymatic activity of LE and functional activity of α1-PI in 40 patients with adaptation disorders (ICD-10 F43.2) were subjected to cluster analysis. The control group included 23 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

RESULTS

Several algorithms of cluster analysis allow to identify three immunophenotypes in the group of patients with adaptation disorders. Immunophenotypes differed significantly by ratios of LE and α1-PI activity, which were mostly driven by different LE activity. Cluster 1 with the relatively low LE activity and high background α1-PI, is of particular interest because it may reflect the disturbed interaction between the various links of immune response.

CONCLUSION

The obtained results of cluster analysis confirm the hypothesis about the existence of three immunophenotypes in the patients with adaptation disorders, which indicates that a phenotypically similar pattern can be determined by different spectra of immune indices.

Neuropsychophysical optimization by REAC technology in the treatment of: sense of stress and confusion. Psychometric evaluation in a randomized, single blind, sham-controlled naturalistic study

PURPOSE

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of neuropsychophysical optimization (NPPO) protocol treatment by radioelectric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) technology in the management of sense of stress and confusion (SSC); an analysis of a single cluster of the psychological stress measure (PSM) test.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

The PSM, a self-administered questionnaire, was used to measure psychological stress and SSC for a group of 888 subjects. Data were collected immediately prior to and following the 4-week REAC-NPPO treatment cycle.

RESULTS

This study demonstrates a significant reduction in scores measuring subjective perceptions of stress for subjects treated with one cycle of REAC-NPPO. At the end-point of the study, the number of treated subjects reporting symptoms of stress-related SSC on the PSM test was significantly reduced, whereas there was no difference in sham-treated subjects.

CONCLUSION

One cycle of REAC-NPPO appears to reduce subjective perceptions of SSC measured by the PSM.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

This trial has been registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry as ACTRN12607000497404.

Noninvasive radioelectric asymmetric brain stimulation in the treatment of stress-related pain and physical problems: psychometric evaluation in a randomized, single-blind placebo-controlled, naturalistic study

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of noninvasive radioelectric asymmetric conveyer brain stimulation (REAC-BS) on pain and physical problems, a measurement cluster of the Psychological Stress Measure (PSM) test. When the symptoms of pain and physical problems do not respond to various therapeutic approaches such as medication, physiotherapy, and psychotherapy, they are often called medically unexplained symptoms. As such, these symptoms are reported to be a response to stressful situations or emotional states, often unknown to patients themselves. To explore the effectiveness of noninvasive radioelectric brain stimulation in the amelioration of symptoms of pain and physical problems, we administered a neuropsychophysical optimization protocol using a REAC device.

Methods

The PSM, a self-administered questionnaire, was used to measure psychological stress and pain and physical problems in a group of 888 subjects. Data were collected immediately prior to and following a 4-week REAC treatment cycle.

Results

There was a significant reduction in scores measuring subjective perceptions of stress for subjects treated with one cycle of neuropsychophysical optimization REAC-BS. At the end of the study, the number of treated subjects reporting symptoms of stress-related pain and physical problems on the PSM test was significantly reduced, whereas there was no difference in placebo-treated subjects.

Conclusion

One cycle of neuropsychophysical optimization REAC-BS appears to reduce subjective perceptions of stress as measured by the PSM, particularly on the pain and physical problems cluster.