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Miyake T, Egawa G, Chow Z, Asahina R, Otsuka M, Nakajima S, Nomura T, Shibuya R, Ishida Y, Nakamizo S, Murata T, Kitoh A, Kabashima K. Circadian rhythm affects the magnitude of contact hypersensitivity response in mice. Allergy 2022; 77:2748-2759. [PMID: 35426135 DOI: 10.1111/all.15314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The circadian rhythm controls multiple biological processes, including immune responses; however, its impact on cutaneous adaptive immune response remains unclear. METHODS We used a well-established cutaneous type IV allergy model, contact hypersensitivity (CHS). We induced CHS using dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). Mice were sensitized and elicited with DNFB in the daytime or at night. RESULTS In mice, a nocturnally active animal, we found that ear swelling increased when mice were sensitized at night compared with in the daytime. In addition, cell proliferation and cytokine production in the draining lymph nodes (LNs) were promoted when sensitized at night. We hypothesized that these differences were due to the oscillation of leukocyte distribution in the body through the circadian production of adrenergic hormones. Administration of a β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonist salbutamol in the daytime decreased the number of immune cells in blood and increased the number of immune cells in LNs. In contrast, a β2AR antagonist ICI18551 administration at night increased the number of immune cells in blood and decreased the number of immune cells in LNs. Accordingly, the severity of CHS response was exacerbated by salbutamol administration in the daytime and attenuated by ICI18551 administration at night. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that the magnitude of adaptive CHS response depends on the circadian rhythm and this knowledge may improve the management of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Miyake
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gyohei Egawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Zachary Chow
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryota Asahina
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Saeko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rintaro Shibuya
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ishida
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakamizo
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruasa Murata
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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Petruska JM, Adamo M, McCartney J, Aboulmali A, Rosol TJ. Evaluation of Adrenal Cortical Function in Neonatal and Weanling Laboratory Beagle Dogs. Toxicol Pathol 2021; 49:1117-1125. [PMID: 34077280 DOI: 10.1177/01926233211009492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The most common target organ for toxicity in the endocrine system is the adrenal gland, and its function is dependent upon the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Histopathologic examination of the adrenal glands and pituitary gland is routinely performed in toxicity studies. However, the function of the adrenal gland is not routinely assessed in toxicity studies. Assessment of adrenal cortical function may be necessary to determine whether a histopathologic finding in the adrenal cortex results in a functional effect in the test species. As juvenile toxicity studies are more commonly performed in support of pediatric indications for pharmaceuticals, it is important to establish historical control data for adrenal gland function. In this study, adrenal cortical function was assessed in control neonatal and weanling beagle dogs as part of an ongoing juvenile toxicology program. Measurements of serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol prior to and following administration of exogenous ACTH, and aldosterone were conducted beginning at 2 weeks of age continuing through 26 weeks of age. Serum electrolyte concentrations were determined at 4, 13, and 26 weeks of age. Dogs as young as 2 weeks of age synthesize and secrete adrenal cortical hormones and exhibit a functional hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet M Petruska
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc, South Plainfield, NJ, USA.,1434Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Maria Adamo
- 70294Charles River Laboratories Montreal ULC, Senneville, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeffrey McCartney
- 70294Charles River Laboratories Montreal ULC, Senneville, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ahamat Aboulmali
- 70294Charles River Laboratories Montreal ULC, Senneville, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thomas J Rosol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1354Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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Abstract
Cancer of the adrenal cortex (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with limited treatment options. Patients typically present with autonomous hormonal overproduction and/or a large abdominal mass. Hormonal assays and medical imaging can be diagnostic, but urinary steroid profiling might be a more sensitive technique to assess malignancy in adrenal tumours. The stage of the disease at diagnosis is the most important prognostic factor. The current staging system needs refinement, especially to separate aggressive from indolent disease in stage IV patients and to select patients who need adjuvant treatment after complete surgical resection. Regarding the latter, assessing the proliferation index Ki-67 seems the best tool currently available. Genomic profiling is expected to become of clinical relevance in the future. Medical therapy is centred on the adrenolytic drug mitotane, which carries considerable toxicity and is not easy to manage. Its tolerability and long plasma level build-up phase may be improved by therapeutic drug monitoring based on pharmacokinetic modelling and intensive counselling of patients. Current chemotherapy regimens can offer disease stabilization in about 50% of patients, but an objective response should be expected in <25%. Research on targeted therapy and immunotherapy is difficult in this rare disease with often heavily pre-treated patients and has not yet been successful. Quality of care should be ensured by treating patients in centres with established experience in multidisciplinary oncologic care, who adhere to prevailing guidelines and state-of-the-art in diagnostic and treatment concepts. International collaboration in fundamental research and clinical trials is the key to further elucidate the pathogenesis and to improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M A Kerkhofs
- Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - M H T Ettaieb
- Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - I G C Hermsen
- Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - H R Haak
- Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
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