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Bae E, Yu MY, Moon JJ, Kim JE, Lee S, Han SW, Park DJ, Kim YS, Yang SH. Renoprotective Effect of KLF2 on Glomerular Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypertensive Nephropathy. Cells 2022; 11:762. [PMID: 35269384 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) regulates endothelial cell metabolism; endothelial dysfunction is associated with hypertension and is a predictor of atherosclerosis development and cardiovascular events. Here, we investigated the role of KLF2 in hypertensive nephropathy by regulating KLF2 expression in human primary glomerular endothelial cells (hPGECs) and evaluating this expression in the kidney tissues of a 5/6 nephrectomy mouse model as well as patients with hypertension. Hypertension-mimicking devices and KLF2 siRNA were used to downregulate KLF2 expression, while the expression of KLF2 was upregulated by administering simvastatin. After 4 mmHg of pressure was applied on hPGECs for 48 h, KLF2 mRNA expression decreased, while alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) mRNA expression increased. Apoptosis and fibrosis rates were increased under pressure, and these phenomena were aggravated following KLF2 knockdown, but were alleviated after simvastatin treatment; additionally, these changes were observed in angiotensin II, angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1R) mRNA, and interleukin-18 (IL-18), but not in angiotensin type-2 receptor mRNA. Reduced expression of KLF2 in glomerular endothelial cells due to hypertension was found in both 5/6 nephrectomy mice and patients with hypertensive nephropathy. Thus, our study demonstrates that the pressure-induced apoptosis and fibrosis of glomerular endothelial cells result from angiotensin II, AT1R activation, and KLF2 inhibition, and are associated with IL-18.
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Yazici GN, Erdoğan D, Gürgen SG, Sunar M, Elmas Ç, Umur N, Ilgaz C. An immunohistochemical study of the effects of various antioxidants on rat lung during chemotherapy. Biotech Histochem 2020; 95:445-455. [PMID: 32043366 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2020.1715480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated using immunohistochemistry the possible protective effects of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and selenium during chemotherapy treatment with cyclophosphamide. Thirty female Wistar rats were divided into five groups of six: group 1, untreated control; group 2, 75 µg/kg cyclophosphamide; group 3, 75 µg/kg cyclophosphamide + 150 µg/kg/day α-tocopherol; group 4, 75 µg/kg cyclophosphamide + 200 µg/kg/day ascorbic acid and group 5, 75 µg/kg cyclophosphamide + 40 ppm/kg/day selenium. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining was used to detect cell proliferation and AT1 was used to evaluate structural damage. Caspase-8, caspase-9 and caspase-3 signal molecules were used to investigate apoptosis. In group 2, epithelium, alveolar macrophages, infiltrated lymphocytes and connective tissue were immunostained moderately to strongly with PCNA. Bronchus, alveolar wall and infiltrated lymphocytes were immunostained moderately to strongly with AT1 and diffuse strong caspase immunoreactions were observed throughout the lung tissue. AT1 and caspase immunoreactions in groups 4 and 5 were similar to group 2. In group 3, PCNA immunoreactivity was strong in the bronchiolus epithelium, endothelial cell nuclei and in stacks of infiltrated lymphocyte cell nuclei. In group 3, AT1 and caspase immunoreactions were identical to group 1. It appears that α-tocopherol inhibits lung tissue damage in rats during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülce Naz Yazici
- Erzincan University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Deniz Erdoğan
- Gazi University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seren Gülşen Gürgen
- Manisa Celal Bayar University , School of Vocational Health Service, Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Mukadder Sunar
- Erzincan University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Elmas
- Gazi University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Umur
- Manisa Celal Bayar University , School of Vocational Health Service, Department of Molecular Biology, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Celal Ilgaz
- Gazi University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
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Hu B, Qiao H, Sun B, Jia R, Fan Y, Wang N, Lu B, Yan JQ. AT1 receptor blockade in the central nucleus of the amygdala attenuates the effects of muscimol on sodium and water intake. Neuroscience 2015; 307:302-10. [PMID: 26344240 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The blockade of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) with the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol significantly reduces hypertonic NaCl and water intake by sodium-depleted rats. In the present study we investigated the effects of previous injection of losartan, an angiotensin II type-1 (AT1) receptor antagonist, into the CeA on 0.3M NaCl and water intake reduced by muscimol bilaterally injected into the same areas in rats submitted to water deprivation-partial rehydration (WD-PR) and in rats treated with the diuretic furosemide (FURO). Male Sprague-Dawley rats with stainless steel cannulas bilaterally implanted into the CeA were used. Bilateral injections of muscimol (0.2 nmol/0.5 μl, n=8 rats/group) into the CeA in WD-PR-treated rats reduced 0.3M NaCl intake and water intake, and pre-treatment of the CeA with losartan (50 μg/0.5 μl) reversed the inhibitory effect of muscimol. The negative effect of muscimol on sodium and water intake could also be blocked by pretreatment with losartan microinjected into the CeA in rats given FURO (n=8 rats/group). However, bilateral injections of losartan (50 μg/0.5 μl) alone into the CeA did not affect the NaCl or water intake. These results suggest that the deactivation of CeA facilitatory mechanisms by muscimol injection into the CeA is promoted by endogenous angiotensin II acting on AT1 receptors in the CeA, which prevents rats from ingesting large amounts of hypertonic NaCl and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, 76# West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Department of Prosthodontics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, College of Stomatology, 98# Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - H Qiao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, 76# West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - B Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, 76# West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - R Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, 76# West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Y Fan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, 76# West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - N Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, 76# West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - B Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, 76# West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - J Q Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, 76# West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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Dominguez-Meijide A, Villar-Cheda B, Garrido-Gil P, Sierrra-Paredes G, Guerra MJ, Labandeira-Garcia JL. Effect of chronic treatment with angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonists on striatal dopamine levels in normal rats and in a rat model of Parkinson's disease treated with L-DOPA. Neuropharmacology 2013; 76 Pt A:156-68. [PMID: 23973568 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Beneficial effects of angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1) inhibition have been observed in a number of brain processes mediated by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, including Parkinson's disease. However, important counterregulatory interactions between dopamine and angiotensin systems have recently been demonstrated in several peripheral tissues, and it is possible that a decrease in dopamine levels due to AT1 inhibition may interfere with neuroprotective strategies. The present experiments involving rats with normal dopaminergic innervation indicate that chronic treatment with the AT1 antagonist candesartan does not significantly affect striatal levels of dopamine, serotonin or metabolites, as does not significantly affect motor behavior, as evaluated by the rotarod test. Interestingly, chronic administration of candesartan to normal rats induced a marked increase in dopamine D1 and a decrease in dopamine D2 receptor expression. In a rat model of Parkinson's disease treated with L-DOPA, no differences in striatal dopamine and serotonin levels were observed between candesartan-treated rats and untreated, which suggests that chronic treatment with candesartan does not significantly affect the process of L-DOPA decarboxylation and dopamine release in Parkinson's disease patients. Candesartan did not induce any differences in the striatal expression of dopamine D1 and D2 and serotonin 5-HT1B receptors in 6ydroxydopamine-lesioned rats treated with L-DOPA. The results suggest that chronic treatment with AT1 antagonists as a neuroprotective strategy does not significantly affect striatal dopamine release or motor behavior. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'The Synaptic Basis of Neurodegenerative Disorders'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Dominguez-Meijide
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
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