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Alfieri P, Cumbo F, Serra G, Trasolini M, Frattini C, Scibelli F, Licchelli S, Cirillo F, Caciolo C, Casini MP, D’Amico A, Tartaglia M, Digilio MC, Capolino R, Vicari S. Manic and Depressive Symptoms in Children Diagnosed with Noonan Syndrome. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11020233. [PMID: 33668418 PMCID: PMC7918671 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Noonan syndrome (NS) is a dominant clinically variable and genetically heterogeneous developmental disorder caused by germ-line mutations encoding components of the Ras–MAPK signaling pathway. A few studies have investigated psychopathological features occurring in individuals with NS, although they were poorly analyzed. The aim of the present work is to investigate the psychopathological features in children and adolescents with NS focusing on depressive and hypo-manic symptoms. Thirty-seven subjects with molecularly confirmed diagnosis were systematically evaluated through a psychopathological assessment. In addition, an evaluation of the cognitive level was performed. Our analyses showed a high recurrence of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder symptoms, emotional dysregulation, irritability, and anxiety symptomatology. The mean cognitive level was on the average. The present study provides new relevant information on psychopathological features in individuals with NS. The implications for clinicians are discussed including the monitoring of mood disorders in a clinical evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Alfieri
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0668594721
| | - Francesca Cumbo
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Giulia Serra
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Monia Trasolini
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Camilla Frattini
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Francesco Scibelli
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Serena Licchelli
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
- Fondazione UILDM Lazio Onlus, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Cirillo
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Cristina Caciolo
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Maria Pia Casini
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
- Section of Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Adele D’Amico
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (M.C.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (M.C.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Rossella Capolino
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (M.C.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Stefano Vicari
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (G.S.); (M.T.); (C.F.); (F.S.); (S.L.); (F.C.); (C.C.); (M.P.C.); (S.V.)
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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