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He G, Sun W, Fang P, Huang J, Gamber M, Cai J, Wu J. The clinical feature of silent infections of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in Wenzhou. J Med Virol 2020; 92:1761-1763. [PMID: 32275074 PMCID: PMC7262256 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guiqing He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Sixth People' s Hospital, Wenzhou Central Hospital Medical Group, Wenzhou, China.,Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Wenzhou Sixth People's Hospital, Wenzhou Central Hospital Medical Group, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Peipei Fang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianping Huang
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Sixth People' s Hospital, Wenzhou Central Hospital Medical Group, Wenzhou, China
| | - Michelle Gamber
- Division of Public Health, School of Health Professions, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of comprehensive medicine, Wenzhou Sixth People' s Hospital, Wenzhou Central Hospital Medical Group, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Kocjan BJ, Hošnjak L, Račnik J, Zadravec M, Bakovnik N, Cigler B, Ummelen M, Hopman AHN, Gale N, Švara T, Gombač M, Poljak M. Molecular characterization, prevalence and clinical relevance of Phodopus sungorus papillomavirus type 1 (PsuPV1) naturally infecting Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). J Gen Virol 2017; 98:2799-2809. [PMID: 29022861 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phodopus sungorus papillomavirus type 1 (PsuPV1), naturally infecting Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) and clustering in the genus Pipapillomavirus (Pi-PV), is only the second PV type isolated from the subfamily of hamsters. In silico analysis of three independent complete viral genomes obtained from cervical adenocarcinoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma and normal oral mucosa revealed that PsuPV1 encodes characteristic viral proteins (E1, E2, E4, E6, E7, L1 and L2) with conserved functional domains and a highly conserved non-coding region. The overall high prevalence (102/114; 89.5 %) of PsuPV1 infection in normal oral and anogenital mucosa suggests that asymptomatic infection with PsuPV1 is very frequent in healthy Siberian hamsters from an early age onward, and that the virus is often transmitted between both anatomical sites. Using type-specific real-time PCR and chromogenic in situ hybridization, the presence of PsuPV1 was additionally detected in several investigated tumours (cervical adenocarcinoma, cervical adenomyoma, vaginal carcinoma in situ, ovarian granulosa cell tumour, mammary ductal carcinoma, oral fibrosarcoma, hibernoma and squamous cell papilloma) and normal tissues of adult animals. In the tissue sample of the oral squamous cell carcinoma individual, punctuated PsuPV1-specific in situ hybridization spots were detected within the nuclei of infected animal cells, suggesting viral integration into the host genome and a potential etiological association of PsuPV1 with sporadic cases of this neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boštjan J Kocjan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lea Hošnjak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Joško Račnik
- Department for Birds, Small Mammals, and Reptiles, Institute of Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals, and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Zadravec
- Department for Birds, Small Mammals, and Reptiles, Institute of Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals, and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Bakovnik
- Department for Birds, Small Mammals, and Reptiles, Institute of Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals, and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Blaž Cigler
- Miklavžin Veterinary Center, Lakotence 7a, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Monique Ummelen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Research Institute for Growth and Development (GROW), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anton H N Hopman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Research Institute for Growth and Development (GROW), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Gale
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Švara
- Institute of Pathology, Forensic and Administrative Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Gombač
- Institute of Pathology, Forensic and Administrative Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mario Poljak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Weyer CT, Grewar JD, Burger P, Rossouw E, Lourens C, Joone C, le Grange M, Coetzee P, Venter E, Martin DP, MacLachlan NJ, Guthrie AJ. African Horse Sickness Caused by Genome Reassortment and Reversion to Virulence of Live, Attenuated Vaccine Viruses, South Africa, 2004-2014. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 22:2087-2096. [PMID: 27442883 PMCID: PMC5189153 DOI: 10.3201/eid2212.160718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic and phylogenetic analyses show repeated outbreaks derived from
vaccine viruses. African horse sickness (AHS) is a hemorrhagic viral fever of horses. It is the
only equine disease for which the World Organization for Animal Health has
introduced specific guidelines for member countries seeking official recognition
of disease-free status. Since 1997, South Africa has maintained an AHS
controlled area; however, sporadic outbreaks of AHS have occurred in this area.
We compared the whole genome sequences of 39 AHS viruses (AHSVs) from field AHS
cases to determine the source of 3 such outbreaks. Our analysis confirmed that
individual outbreaks were caused by virulent revertants of AHSV type 1 live,
attenuated vaccine (LAV) and reassortants with genome segments derived from AHSV
types 1, 3, and 4 from a LAV used in South Africa. These findings show that
despite effective protection of vaccinated horses, polyvalent LAV may,
paradoxically, place susceptible horses at risk for AHS.
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